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Get Your Paper Published and Discovered

WER Author Workshop

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The material in these slides is the copyright of WEF and Wiley and cannotbe reposted, published or presented without explicit written permission.

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Today’s Presenters

Professor Zhen (Jason) He

Editor in Chief, Water Environment Research

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburg, Virginia

Jennifer Satten

Wiley Journal Publishing Manager, Water Environment Research

John Wiley & SonsHoboken, New Jersey

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Water Environment Research: the Premier Journal of the Water Environment Federation

• Published since 1928, WER is an international, multidisciplinary water resource management journal

• WER’s goal is to foster communication and interdisciplinary research between water sciences and related fields such as

• Environmental toxicology• Agriculture• Public health• Occupational health• Microbiology• Ecology

• Accepts original research articles, short communications, reviews, case studies and perspectives

• Average days to first decision is 21 days

• Impact Factor 1.24

Water Environment Research publishes high quality peer-reviewed original fundamental and applied research on water quality and resource recovery

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4RGS-IBG Annual International Conference | September 2017 /London

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So you’re thinking of writing a paper…Now what?

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5

Why Publish?

1. Registration – Establish your ownership and priority

2. Certification – Acknowledgement of the quality of the work through publication in a specific journal

3. Dissemination – Inform your peer group (and others)

4. Archiving – Provide a permanent record of your work – “the minutes of science”

5. Designation – Publication record is important

6. “Active content” – Participate in the workflow of users?

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What to Publish?

What DEFINITELY to publish:

• Original and significant results or methods

• Reviews or summaries of a particular subject, particularly synthetic

• Essentially: work that advances the knowledge and understanding in a certain scientific field, or provides a valuable resource

• Readers and editors want a good scientific or engineering story

What NOT to publish:

• Reports of little scientific interest (but see below)

• Out of date work

• Duplications or part-duplications of previously published work

What to THINK CAREFULLY about publishing:

• Preliminary results (are they useful, or are they too inconclusive?)

• Replication of results but in a different system

• Ask yourself: where could I best publish these?

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Recognizing a Good Story

Obvious good stories

• Your boss says “I think we’ve got a good story here…” ☺• You have solved an important “puzzle” • Discovery of something completely novel

Possible good stories

• Incremental progress towards understanding a complex system

• Indirect “evidence” in support of a hypothesis

If it may be a good story, start writing immediately!

Examples from WER:

• Pablo K. Cornejo, Jennifer Becker, Krishna Pagilla, Weiwei Mo, Qiong Zhang, James R. Mihelcic, Kartik Chandran, Belinda Sturm, Daniel Yeh, Diego Rosso (2019) Sustainability metrics for assessing water resource recovery facilities of the future, Vol 91, pp 45-53

• Tri Le, Bo Peng, Chunyang Su, Arash Massoudieh, Alba Torrents, Ahmed Al‐Omari, Sudhir Murthy, Bernhard Wett ,Kartik Chandran, Christine DeBarbadillo, Charles Bott, Haydée De Clippeleir (2019) Impact of carbon source and COD/N on the concurrent operation of partial denitrification and anammox. Vol 91, pp 185-197.

• Thomas Worley‐Morse, Melanie Mann, Wendell Khunjar, Lola Olabode, Raul Gonzalez (2019) Evaluating the fate of bacterial indicators, viral indicators, and viruses in water resource recovery facilities. Vol 91, pp 830-842.

• James L. Barnard Patrick Dunlap Mark Steichen (2017) Rethinking the Mechanisms of Biological Phosphorus Removal. Vol 89, pp 2043 -2054.

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8

Publication Ethics for Authors

• The submission of a manuscript to a journal is both an ethical and a legal undertaking.

• All journals require authors to make certain declarations at submission (and if you don’t understand these, approach the Managing Editor before you submit.

• A failure to meet any legal undertaking is a serious ethical breach.

• When in doubt, consult the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), which most journals use. There is information available online on their site (http://publicationethics.org), on Wiley’s site (https://authorservices.wiley.com/editors/ethical-guidelines/committee-on-publication-ethics-(cope)/index.html), or WER’s site (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/page/journal/15547531/homepage/author-guidelines)

COPE can help advise on:

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Publication Ethics for Authors: Sharing Guidelines for Wiley Articles

*This is the copyright policy. Individual journals may operate different editorial policies and authors should consult the relevant author guidelines.

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Publication Ethics for Authors: Plagiarism

iThenticate Check: Too much overlap iThenticate Check: Normal amount of overlap

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11RGS-IBG Annual International Conference | September 2017 /London

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Writing Your PaperYou need a GOOD manuscript to present your contributions to the scientific community!

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Overview

Each section of a paper has a clearly defined purpose: there are best practices you can follow…

1. Title - A good title is important to attract readers and should include keywords

2. Authors - Make sure your author list is complete and ordered correctly (don’t add or subtract names!)

3. Abstract - Needs to be well structured (this may be the only part an editor looks at before making an initial decision!)

4. Main Body - Write in a clear concise scientific style

5. References, Bibliography - Check carefully; use software

Note that WER uses American English

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Writing for Better Discoverability

• “Googleology & Baiduology” - Search Engines are a key resource

• 62.3% of traffic to WER comes from search engines (Google Search/Scholar, Baidu, etc.) and databases (ISI, Scopus)

• How do you get read and cited? You first have to be found

• SEO – Search Engine Optimization: the process of improving the ranking of a webpage in a search engine’s results so your paper appears at the top of the list

• The following tips can help increase discoverability of your paper

Google Search60%

Unspecified31%

Scholar One3%

Institutions and Library Services

1%

JSTOR1%

Bing1%

Author Services1%

Other1%

Google Search Unspecified

Scholar One Institutions and Library Services

JSTOR Bing

Author Services Yahoo Search

Baidu Search Sogou

Twitter LetPub

Myway Search Ask.com Search

PubMed/PMC Qihoo 360 Search

Other

WER Traffic

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SEO in 4 Easy Steps

Use keywords - Choose relevant keywords and key phrases and use throughout article

Build links - Create a network of inbound links and citations to your article

Write a good abstract - Express key points and findings from your article in simple terms

Choose a smart title - Must be descriptive and incorporate key phrases related to your topic

1

2

3

4

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Keyword Best Practices

• Choose 15-20 keywords/phrases that are relevant to the topic – be specific

• Test keywords using free tools, or try out in Baidu/ Google: “Does it return the right results/papers?”

• Use keywords in:

– Title (2-4)

– Abstract (3-4)

– Sub-headings

– Keyword fields (5-7)

• Let keywords flow naturally

• Avoid overuse

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A Good Title

This is your opportunity to attract a reader’s attention (including citations!)

• An explicit title can help attract citations e.g. state a key finding, or frame a question…

• Convey the major outcome of the finding, noting what is the major outcome and the system in which the discovery was made, e.g. mouse (not “Effect of A on B”)

• Keywords up front, and optimized for search engines: think of how your paper will be found, once published (I.e. Google, Baidu)

• Short – typically up to 20 words

• Punctuation - split into main message/concept and qualifier (ex: Cephalopod origin and evolution: A congruent picture emerging from fossils, development and molecules)

• Consider a subtitle, if permitted (included in search engine output!)

• Try to think of the title before you start writing! Could help you orient yourself to the main topic

• Avoid starting with Studies on…. / Characterization of….. / Optimization of…. / Investigations on….

• [You can apply the same ideas to sub-titles and section titles throughout the paper]

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A Good Abstract

• Most publishers make all abstracts free to access

• Don’t make the middle part longer than necessary as background information for your intended readership

• Recommend a maximum 200 words

• What are the significant results? conclusions/implications/applications?

• Important methodology (Experimental systems)

• Start by writing in bullet points and take time to write and re-write this part with some distance

• Write in past tense

• No citations, avoid non-standard abbreviations

• Include your keywords/ key phrases throughout

• Most important: First and last sentence

This is your opportunity to help Editors/ Reviewers (what’s this paper about?) AND search engines

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A Good Abstract

• Practitioner Points: 2-4 bullet points within the abstract of the article that summarize the real world applications of the article’s research. These are freely and immediately visible and help practitioners to quickly see the relevance of an article to their day-to-day work.

• Graphical Abstracts: an abstract that includes an image, usually from the article, along with short abstract text.

• Video Abstracts: short, 3-5 minute author-created videos that supplement the traditional abstract in introducing readers to an article. Authors can create short video summaries of their articles or provide key takeaways, appealing to many younger audiences.

Some journals, like Water Environment Research, also have:

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Example of a Good Title and Abstract

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Example of a Good Title and Abstract

• The title is optimized (short, succinct, with specific keywords/phrases, no abbreviations)

• Strategic repeated placements of keywords

• Written in past tense

• Significant results and methodology are clearly stated

• Overall the abstract is written in clear and less complicated language

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MAIN BODY - Apply the principle of “chunking” throughout your manuscript…

Section heading Section headingSub-heading

Sub-heading

Sub-heading

This is easier to

digest and remember

…

This is harder to

digest and remember

…

• Sections, headings, and sub-headings lead readers logically through your story

• Use keyword rich sub-headings

• First sentences of section give key message of the section

• End section with a very brief summary and important consequences

• Keep your lowest level sections below 600 words, or even better 300 words.

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… and use tables and information boxes to organize important details when possible

Box 1 abc abc abc

xyz

xyz

xyz

xyz

Important items editors look for:

• Analyze and explain potential

sources of error

• Highlight important contributions to

your field and to the global society

in your conclusions

• Use appropriate references

Comprehensive

Relevant

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English Language Tips

• Write shorter sentences

• Use a spell checker

• Online translation help, but is not very good

• Ask a native English speaking colleague to read and edit your manuscript (note that this does not mean they get authorship status)

• Consider using professional language support services (for a fee)

• Wiley’s service: https://wileyeditingservices.com

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24RGS-IBG Annual International Conference | September 2017 /London

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Ready to Submit Your Manuscript?

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25

Selecting the Right Journal

• Look at your references – these will help you narrow your choices and come up with a shortlist.

• Review recent publications in each candidate journal. Find out the hot topics, the accepted types of articles, etc.

• Ask yourself the following questions:

– Who is this journal’s audience?

– What is the average time to publication?

– What is the journal’s standing in the relevant community?

– Are there publication charges?

• Decide on one journal.

• DO NOT submit to multiple journals.

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Identify the Right Audience for Your Paper

Core of your field (very important for peer recognition and citation)

Community somewhat outside (broadening recognition of your research

and research area)

Communities at interfaces between your discipline and other disciplines (could initiate

interesting trans-disciplinary collaboration!)

Basically: don’t limit yourself to the community represented by your lab or the

field-specific meetings that you attend. Think broad!

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The Peer Review Process

• It is the process of screening a submitted manuscript. The manuscript will be reviewed by professionals in the same field before it is published in a journal.

• The process is designed to assess the validity, quality and often the originality of articles for publication. Its ultimate purpose is to maintain the integrity of science by filtering out invalid or poor quality articles.

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What is Measured?

• Is your paper within scope for the journal?

– Is the topic addressed by the research relevant and interesting?

– What does it add to the subject area?

• Is it of sufficient quality e.g.

– Is it novel and important work?

– Are the research, analysis and conclusions valid?

– Does it give a clear statement of aims and achievements?

– Is the presentation of figures, tables correct?

– Are calculations correct, do models work?

– Is existing literature cited appropriately?

– Is statistical analysis used appropriately?

• Areas for improvement, including language

• Does the paper meet ethical guidelines?

– Were any human or animal participants properly protected?

– Was any portion fabricated, falsified, or plagiarized?

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How to Revise and Resubmit

1. Handle all minor edits (spelling mistakes, grammatical errors, and points of house style) first

2. Address substantial (in terms of size) and substantive (in terms of your analysis and arguments) points next.

3. Answer politely

4. Answer completely

5. Answer with evidence

6. Don’t ignore comments - remember reviewers volunteer their time to assess your paper

7. Be optimistic! Proceed with the belief that if you address the points adequately, you are very likely to be accepted and published.

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Before You Respond, Remember:

1. A request for revision should be considered an opportunity. Take it!

2. Remember the goal is to get your work published, so do not get angry or defensive

3. Editors and Reviewers are just trying to help

4. We all make errors that need to be addressed

5. When in doubt, seek advice from your supervisor or colleagues

6. Rejection or criticism does not automatically mean that your work is not good

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Common Reasons for Rejection

• Paper does not fit within a journal's scope

• Findings cannot be generalized

• Results do not clearly show practical, clinical, or theoretical implications

• Wrong methodology was used

• Manuscript is poorly written, includes multiple spelling errors and/or jargon

• Figures, tables, and images are not clearly labeled

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Your Manuscript is Rejected – Now What?

• Reflect on the comments made in the decision letter and talk to colleagues

• Unless specified otherwise, rejection is final

• Resubmission may be okay, pending approval by the handling editor

• Be professional and objective

• Thank the editors and the Editorial Board for their expertise

Or

• Think about other options; find a new journal

• File the manuscript away

Be positive Be constructive

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Tips to Survive Peer Review

✓ Accept feedback as a learning experience

✓ Remember very few submissions are accepted unconditionally

✓ Understand that editors and reviewers are trying to help improve your paper

✓ Seek help with language and statistics if you need it

✓ Persistence pays! Answer questions and address revisions quickly

✓ Celebrate your accomplishment! You are one step closer to being published

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34RGS-IBG Annual International Conference | September 2017 /London

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Your Manuscript is Accepted…

Now what?

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The material in these slides is the copyright of WEF and Wiley and cannotbe reposted, published or presented without explicit written permission.

35

Article Production Workflow at Wiley

Article is accepted

and exported

from ScholarOne

to Wiley Production

Accepted Article is

published on Wiley

Online Library

Wiley Production

Team typesets

and copyedits the article

Author receives

proofs and sends back

any corrections

Wiley Production

Team implements

any corrections

Article publishes in Early View

Article is collated into

an issue

Authors can purchase OnlineOpen (Open Access) from this point forward

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Self-Marketing for Discovery

• Tell the world by e-mail, social media, blogs, your institution

- Write a few words about public and scientific good

- Help people understand your work

- Link your article across your social media, networking and institutional sites

- List your article as a reference in relevant Wikipedia pages

• Share your article appropriately

- You have rights and responsibilities

- Learn publishers’ rules for storing and sharing articles

- Do not to upload final typeset version of your work

• Grow and measure your impact

- Institute webpages, society sites, ORCID, KUDOS, etc.

Further reading: “Is Tweeting Important for Technical Writing? Absolutely”

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Self-Marketing for Discovery

WER Content Sharing: Share your paper with anyone with a simple link

Two new sharing methods for sharing full text articles with anyone, without infringing copyright, regardless of their subscription status.

If you are an author: request a Sharing Link that can be generated by entering the article’s DOI here: http://www.authorsharing.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/share

• Simple process• Anyone with the link can read the entire full text article online• Share anywhere – Post the link on social channels, institutional

repositories, author websites

If you’re a subscriber/have access to WER and want to share any article: click on Share button to get the sharing link

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Where to Get Additional Help

Author, Reviewer and Editor Resource Centers

Wiley’s Author Resources site contain resources to assist authors, reviewers and editors with all steps of

the publishing process. Including:

Journal Finder

Links to editing and translation services

Promotional toolkits for authors

Links to submission sites

Support for editors

Peer review training tools

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WER Author Workshop 39

Thank You!

Contact WER:Steven Perez, Managing Editor

werjournal@wiley.com

The material in these slides is the copyright of WEF and Wiley and cannotbe reposted, published or presented without explicit written permission.