ges 2 lesson 4-clil-deco green pages

SINT-JOZEF SINT-PIETER BLANKENBERGE - GESCHIEDENIS TWEEDE JAAR - DECO (CLIL)

SUMMARYCulture in Ancient Greece (800 BC - 300 BC)


CULTURE IN ANCIENT GREECE (800 BC - 300 BC)

open agricultural

societycontact between

the city-states

C U L T U R A L

C O N N E C T I O N

LANGUAGE

- Greek

GODS

- polytheism- mythology- temples- sanctuaries- pan hellenic festivals

Thinking and acting

- literature- theatre- philosophy- architecture- sculpture



1 Give three examples of binding factors or connections between the inhabitants of the Greek city-states.- The Greek language- The Greek religion (same gods and goddesses)- Greek art

2 Use a god or goddess to give the characteristics of Greek religion.- Zeus: immortal god, seen by the inhabitants of the Greek city-states as a man wearing the same clothes as the Greeks, speaking the same language and having the same characteristics (jealous, vengeful, …). He had abilities (powers: for example god of the sky). - The Greeks used this god and the other gods to explain natural phenomena (nature). - There was a family of Olympian gods (= polytheism).- The greeks sacrificed to the gods in temples and honoured the gods with festivals ( In honour of Zeus: Olympic games).



3 Recognise the characteristics of Greek works of art and describe them.

Greek architecture- temples- three orders: Doric, Ionic, Corinthian- even shapes and lines- symmetrical build-up- built on a human scale

Greek sculpture- oldest period (8th - 6th century BC): static posture, no emotion, unnatural representation of ‘man’- middle period: (5th - 4th century BC): dynamic posture, some emotion, ideal representation of ‘man’- early period (4th century - 2nd century BC): dynamic posture, a lot of emotion, realistic representation of ‘man’



Using terminology correctly and explaining terminology

a) Give the correct words for the following explanations.

- Greek play that describes people’s sorrows and sadness:- all the stories about gods, goddesses and heros:- a religion based on many gods:- gift to the gods to please and honour them: - place which is seen by people as divine (godlike):- table used for sacrifice:- a religious festival for all Greeks: - official act which deals with an important moment in time:- Greek play that makes fun of everyone and everything:- Greek building in honour of a god or goddess:- Historical works are an example of this type of literature:



- Literature in a rhyming scheme, orally passed on by the Greeks:- Place where people ask the gods for advice:

Words to choose from:

tragedy - mythology - polytheism - sacrifice - sanctuary - altar - pan hellenic

festival - ritual - comedy - temple - prose - poetry - oracle


CULTURE IN ANCIENT GREECE (800 BC - 300 BC)Analysing knowledge - explaining thingsRead the story and answer the questions.

The Reason for Seasons

Zeus, the king of all the gods, had two brothers and three sisters. Each had an important job. His sister, Demeter, was in charge of the harvest. If Demeter did not do her job, the crops could die, and everyone would starve. It was important to keep Demeter happy. Everyone helped out with that - both gods and mortals. It was that important.

As the story goes ….

Demeter loved her little daughter, Persephone. They played together in the fields almost every day. As Persephone smiled up at her mother, Demeter's heart swelled with happiness, and the crops grew high and healthy. Flowers tumbled everywhere. As time passed, Persephone grew into a lovely goddess. That's when the trouble started.Hades, the king of the underworld, was a gloomy fellow. He normally hung out in the Underworld.One day, Hades felt restless. He decided to take his three-headed dog out for a chariot ride. Cerberus, his dog, usually stood guard at the gate to Underworld. But Hades gave his pup a break now and then. He scooped up Cerberus, and left a couple of spirits in charge instead.Hades flew his chariot up to earth. Cerberus leaped out of the chariot and ran around, sniffing flowers with all three of his heads. The dog ran up to a lovely young woman, the goddess Persephone. Some people might have been startled if a three-headed dog came tearing up. But Persephone only laughed and scratched his heads.Hades loved that old dog. He watched his dog playing happily with Persephone. He heard Persephone's delighted laugh. Hades fell deeply in love. Before anyone could stop him, he grabbed his niece, his dog, and his chariot and dove deep into the darkest depths of the Underworld.Hades locked Persephone in a beautifully decorated room in the Hall of Hades. He brought her all kinds of delicious food. Persephone refused to eat. She had heard if you ate anything in Hades, you could never leave. She had every intention of leaving as soon as she could figure out how to do so.Over a week went by. Finally, in desperate hunger, Persephone ate six pomegranate seeds. She promptly burst into tears.She was not the only one crying. Demeter, her mother, missed her daughter terribly. She did not care if the crops died. She did not care about anything except finding her daughter. No one knows who told Zeus about it, but it was clear this could not go on. Zeus sent his son Hermes to work a deal with Hades.This was the deal Hermes worked out: If Persephone would marry Hades, she would live as queen of the Underworld for six months each winter. In the spring, Persephone would return to earth and live there for six months. No one especially liked the deal, but everyone finally agreed.Every spring, Demeter makes sure flowers are blooming and crops are growing and the fields are green with welcome. Every fall, when Persephone returns to the underworld, Demeter ignores the crops and flowers and lets them die. Each spring, Demeter brings everything to life again, ready to welcome her daughter's return.To the ancient Greeks, that was the reason for the seasons.



Answer the questions.

1 What do we call this type of story?a myth

2 Which natural phenomenon did the Greeks want to explain with this story?changing of the seasons

3 How did Homer’s work increase the connection between the Greeks?his stories were passed on and read by all Greeks throughout the Greek world

4 How did worshipping the gods stimulate pan hellenic culture?all Greeks from the Greek city-states worshipped the same gods and honoured them with festivals in the Greek world (pan hellenic festivals)



Applying skills The Theseus temple in the picture (on the following slide) was built in 1820 in one of Vienna’s many parks. On the outside the temple shows the same characteristics as ancient Greek temples had.

a) Use the picture to highlight the characteristics in the grid.

walls columns

symmetrical build-up asymmetrical build-up

random shapes and lines even shapes and lines

sober decoration a lot of decoration

on a human scale monumental



b) Which elements do you need to look at in the picture to distinguish the different orders in Greek architecture?

Highlight the correct words.

columns - roof - walls - capital - base - architrave - shaft - frieze

c) Cross out what doesn’t fit:

The Theseus temple in Vienna was built in the Doric order - Ionic order - Corinthian order.



Complete the grid (on the following slide) with these words:

dynamic (2x) - no emotion - ideal representation - unnatural representation -

realistic representation - static - a lot of emotion - some emotion


GREEK SCULPTURE

period 8th - 6th century BC 5th - 4th century BC 4th - 2nd century BC

example

posture

emotion

human figure

ges 2 lesson 4-clil-deco green pages

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