gerencia tecnología aplicada

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Gerencia Tecnología AplicadaGerencia Tecnología Aplicada

Presented by: Gabdullin RivenerRS Oil Technologies / General Director

State of Art of Russian Drilling and Oil Production Technologies An Overview of their Applicability

at Venezuelan Oil Industry

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RS oil Technologies is russian oil engineering company

The main fields of business of RS Oil Technologies are:

-drilling of any kind of wells

-any kind of workover

-enhanced oil recovery (EOR)

-cleaning up oil sludge pits

-reducing of viscosity of heavy oil

-gas utilisation and conversion

-well logging

-oil projects, feasibility study and training personnel

[email protected]

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Content

* Workover

* Drilling

* Heavy Oil Production

* Cleanup oil sludge pit

* Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)

* Gas utilisation and conversion

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Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)

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EOR (treatment by RITIN)

RITIN is an composition of polymeric substances. While mixing RITIN with water, polymer-gel system with no aditional components is formed. Gel particles of 0.2-4 mm in size with high mobility and penetration ability in pores and fractures. Two ways of using gel:

- Synthesizing the gel in the formation

- Direct gel injection into the formationNo special equipment is required to prepare and inject polymer-gel system.

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* Selectively affects non-homogeneus, high permeable water-cut formations

* Sharply reduces water fluidity

* Provides flattening of oil displacement front

While injecting polymer-gel system RITIN into the formation through injection well, it enables you:

• Improve the injectivity profile for the

formations

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* Enhances reservoir water flooding coverage

* Decreases water-cut of produced oil

* Enhances oil output and increase ultimate oil recovery of formations

* Changes filtration flow of oil and water

* Create extra filtration resistance to injected water in washout zones of the formation

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• Porous, porous-fractured and fractured reservoirs, with formation temperature of up to 120° C

Fields of technology application of polymer-gel system RITIN are:

• Tolerable water-cutting ratio of produced liquid in the areas of technology application, is up to 98%

• Mineralized of formation water is up to 1.2 g/cm3 ( 10 lpg)

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Requirements for treatment by polymer-gel system RITIN:

* Fresh service or mineralised (1.0-1.02 g/cm3, or 8,34 - 8,5 lpg) setting vat water can be used to prepare polymer-gel system

* Injection rate through injection well: 10-15 m3 (60-90 bls) of polymer-gel system per 1 m (3 ft) of effective perforated part of formation


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* Concentration of RITIN in water is 0.1-1.0% by mass, i.e. 1-10 kgs (2,2-22 lbs) of RITIN per 1 m3 (6 bls) of water

* Specific effectiveness amounts to 2000 and more tons of additional oil per 1 ton of injected polimer-gel system RITIN

* RITIN does not need batchers and mixers, salts of heavy metals and any chemicals.


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Thuleilat oilfield in Sultanate of Oman


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WORKOVER

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WORKOVER

Compaund “Plastic KS-M”

Plastic KS-M is used for sealing casing and eliminating the cross-flows between casing and borehole wall. Plastic KS-M enables sealing casing and restore cement in casing string-borehole annulus if cement and silicate solutions do not lead positive results.

Specification of Plastic KS-M:

Temperature- till 110 C

Period of hardening 5-48 hours

Density 1.2-1.35 g/cm3

Bending strength 40-68 kgf/cm2

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WORKOVER

Compaund “Plastic KS-37”

Plastic KS-37 is used for sealing casing and eliminating the cross-flows between casing and borehole wall. Plastic KS-37 enables sealing casing and restore cement in casing string-borehole annulus if cement and silicate solutions do not lead positive results.

Specification of Plastic KS-37:

Temperature- till 110 C

Period of hardening 5-48 hours

Density 1.2-1.35 g/cm3

Bending strength 40-68 kgf/cm2

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DRILLING

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Using special surface and bottom hole electric equipment for drilling vertical, deviated and horizontal wells with special equipment (electric swivel, drilling pipes with cable inside, bottom hole electric motors, transformer). Electric drilling does not depend on quantity and quality of drilling mud. It permits to control drilling process from bottom hole and to drill geonavigated horizontal wells without renting or buying expensive MWD and LWD systems.

Drilling

Drilling by bottom hole electric motors

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Reduces time for window milling out in the casing string by several times. Includes into operation: milling out devices, wedge-type whipstocks, reamer-milling bits, hydraulic anchor, engines-deflectors, disconnectors used in sidehole constructions, both in Russia and other oil regions

Side-Tracking

Drilling

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Deviation Survey System ZIS-4

Characteristic and advantajes:

* possibility of orienting deflectors in vertical parts of the wellbore

* possibility of carrying out the planed well path without breaking the drilling jobs using the wireless communication channel

* control over the down-hole motor operation by measuring the shaft speed

Drilling

* small time consumption* continuos measuring and recording the deviation survey data

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Drilling

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Process flow sheet of the second side hole casing with the liner applying full hole cementing and using PhKMC type complex

Drilling

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Modular MOP - 146/230

Designed to isolate a selected annulus interval (normally producing formation), in the process of casing string cementing. Usefull for a selective exploitation of individual formations, (or interlayers of one thick formation) or for other purposes

Drilling

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HEAVY OIL

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Heavy Oil

* Plunger diaphragm pumps

* Cleaning up tubing and pipelines from asphalt, wax and paraffine sediments

* Cleaning of bottom hole zones

* AC converter FED motors

* Electric Cable Heating Unit (ECHU)

* Vibroacoustic reducing of oil viscosity

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Heavy Oil

Plunger diaphragm pumps (PDP)

Evident design advantajes:

* Reducing well shut-down and round trip expenditures

* No contact of plunger with pumping liquids

* No leak in plunger pump. Volumetric efficiency 90-97%, for all pressures and production of heavy and high viscosity oil

* No contact of plunger with cylinder

* PDP can work with high content of sand (up to 200 mg/I)

* PDP can work with high viscosity of oil on sucking valve (up to 2000 mm2/c)

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Heavy Oil



* Reducing of rods hanging-off due to hidraulic resistance and plunger friction

* Posibility of long working period of the pump without liquid

* High range of liquid delivery

* Possibility of pump working in unstable production wells (production of the formation less than production of the pump)

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Heavy Oil



* Reducing of specific electricity consumption

* Using of large diameter ball valves wich provides high wear resistance

* High robustness of the pump. It can work like that an conventional sucker pump if the diaphragm is destroyed

* PDP does not need special devices, and only conventional equipment for standard sucker rod pumps is used for it

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Plunger diaphragm pumps (PDP) Heavy Oil

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State of Art of Russian Drilling and Production Technologies Heavy Oil

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Heavy Oil Plunger diaphragm pumps (PDP)

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Plunger diaphragm pumps

(PDP)

Heavy Oil

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Heavy Oil

Tubing cleaning up from asphalt-wax-paraffin sediments

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Heavy Oil

Tubing cleaning from asphalt-wax-paraffin sediments

Solid chemical reagents as cylinder of 30-40 mm in diameter and 200-700 mm long are delivered through an standard lubricator into the oil or gas well, without interruption of production.

Reagents are airtight in the aluminum shell and are airtight capsules, witch can be mixed togheter or delibered separately

Being in the well, they drop down under their own weight and in interaction with the products of the well they produce a large amount of heat through perforation holes

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Heavy Oil


At the same time, a hot gas and liquid mixture is produced, that not only melt asphalt-wax-paraffin and paraffin-hidrates sediments, but also washes away the center of their appearance

The temperature in the wall of the tubing is about 95° C. Aluminum compound produced in the reaction cover the inside surface of the tubing with the oxide film, which leads to reduction of pipe corrosion, as well as the speed of asphalt-wax-paraffin sediments formation

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Heavy Oil


The process enables to restore circulation in also fully plugged tubing. The reaction products are water-oil solubles compunds and are removed togheter with oil, without changing its composition

Treatment of wells takes from 2 to 5 hours for prevention of tubing from AWP sedimentation, and 20 to 30 hours for cleaning fully plugged tubing

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Heavy Oil

Cleaning of bottom hole zones from colmatant

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Heavy Oil

Cleaning of bottom hole zones

Method “A”:

1. To run in of a container being a perforated tubing filled with thermo-chemical elements into the interval of perforation

3. Carrying out a technological period up to the destruction of an acid container and thermo-chemical reaction start

2. Pumping through of a solution of the hidrocloric acid into the well up to filling the container zone and casing space in the perforated interval

4. Pumping of hot products of the reaction into the oil formation

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Heavy Oil


Method “B”:

With the help of geophisycal cable, a container having a perforated head and filled with thermo-chemical reagents containing a detonation cord, is run in the well till perforation zone

According to electric charge from surface, a cartridge is fired, resulting in a destruction of the reagent airtight cover and a stormy thermo-chemical reaction with a large amount of heat, gas and liquid chemical reagents. In this case, the presence of an acid is not required. The solid cover completely dissolves without polution the well

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Heavy Oil


Method “B”:

Liquid hot products heat the formation, that in itself reduces the influence of molecular-surface qualities on the boundaries of different agents separation

The reaction products contacts with naphtenics acids by forming surfactants that reduces surface tension, raises wetting qualities of oil hidrocarbons on the oil rock boundaries and enables their better filtration in formation

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Heavy Oil


Method “B”:

Besides that, the compounds formed in the process of the reaction, contacts with the sediments of water-non-soluble salts in the fractures and pores of formation, and make them water-soluble compounds

The filtration area increases, that lead to the better oil recovery and well production increase

Reliability of the method is 100%. The period of positive effect is 1 year or more, well production increase after treatment is 50% and more

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AC Converter FED motors

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While operating, centrifugal pumps drive kit powered by non-sinchronous submersible motors (NSM) in some liquid sampling conditions, certain technological probles arise. These problems reduce the lifetime of the equipment. Energy increase effects of centrifugal pumps drive kit powered by (NSM), are practicaly eliminated

The AC CFM drive kit gives better function, lifetime, energy parameters of drive kit powered by non-sinchronous motor

AC CFM

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The AC CFM drive kit consist of the sinchronous machine with a rotor that runs on permanent magnets, and a coiled stator that is powered using a special alghoritm generated by a control station on earth surface

The AC CFM has an option of rotation speed regulation in broads limits. It was developed and commercialy introduced the drive kit with 500-3500 RPM rotation speed. It is possible to use these motors in drive kits with serial production pumps and hydro-protective units

AC CFM

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AC CFM

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AC CFM features (rotation speed 3000 RPM)

AC CFM

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AC CFM

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AC CFM

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AC CFM

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AC CFM

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AC CFM

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AC CFM

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The SP AC CFM is equiped by control station. While rotation speed till 500 RPM, the SP AC CFM power supplies from the control station directly. While rotation speed more 500 RPM, the motor power supplies from the voltage transformer.

AC CFM

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AC CFM

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AC CFM as drivehead for PCP

Inductive electric motor Drivehead without gear box reduction. Rotation speed can be regulated by power control station between 100-500 rpm

with the constant torque of 716 Nm. Drivehead has backspin control as electric brake and hydraulic loop off motor. The weight of drivehead is 340 kg. Can be used with any kind of PCP.

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Drivehead & PCP

1. Head 1200 (1500) metres

2. Flow rate 1-50 m3/day

3. Capacity drive (power) 2-15 kWt

4. Fluid viscosity till 10 000 cps

5. Sand content 2.5 g/liter

6. Gas oil ratio 60%

7. Rotation speed of rods 20-180 rpm

8. Weight of surface drive 350-450 kg

9. Temperature: modification O till 90 C

modification OB till 120 C

modification TB till 180 C

10. Dimensions 700 x 700 x 1250 mm

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Drivehead & PCP

There are five types of reducing gear and soft for pump selection.

The PCP has 3/4 and 5/6 screw lines

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Drivehead & PCP

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Серия насоса Series pump

Подача установки

м3/сут Flow rate

m3/dayНапор

Установки,

Head m Max

Частота вращения электродвигателя

об/минRotation speed

electric motor r.p.m

Частота вращения штанг

об/мин Rotation speed

rods r.p.m.Передаточное число привода Unit ratio

drive

Мощность электро

двигателя, кВт Make Capacity

electricpower kWt MaxMin Max min мах

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7,5 15

600

1500 45 9016

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15 30 3000 90 180 3,5

6 12 1500 36 7220

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12 24 3000 72 144 5,5

5 10 1500 29 5825

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10 20 3000 58 116 5,5

3,5 7 1500 23 4631

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7 14 3000 46 92 3

3 6 1500 18 3640

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6 12 3000 36 72 3

374

7,5 15

1200

1500 45 9016

5,5

15 30 3000 90 180 11

6 12 1500 36 7220

5,5

12 24 3000 72 144 7,5

5 10 1500 29 5825

5,5

10 20 3000 58 116 7,5

3,5 7 1500 23 4631

5,5

7 14 3000 46 92 5,5

3 6 1500 18 3640

5,5

6 12 3000 36 72 5,5

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Серия насоса Series pump

Подача установки

м3/сут Flow rate

m3/dayНапор

Установки,

Head m Max

Частота вращения электродвигателя

об/минRotation speed

electric motor r.p.m

Частота вращения штанг

об/мин Rotation speed

rods r.p.m.Передаточное число привода Unit ratio

drive

Мощность электро двигателя, кВт Make Capacity

electricpower kWt Max

Min Max min мах

190

12,5 25

600

1500 45 9016

5,5

25 50 3000 90 180 7,5

10 20 1500 36 7220

5,5

20 40 3000 72 144 7,5

8 16 1500 29 5825

3

16 32 3000 58 116 5,5

6 12 1500 23 4631

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12 24 3000 46 92 5,5

5 10 1500 18 3640

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10 20 3000 36 72 5,5

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12,5 25

1200

1500 45 9016

7,5

25 50 3000 90 180 15

10 20 1500 36 7220

7,5

20 40 3000 72 144 11

8 16 1500 29 5825

5,5

16 32 3000 58 116 11

6 12 1500 23 4631

5,5

12 24 3000 46 92 7,5

5 10 1500 18 3640

5,5

10 20 3000 36 72 7,5

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Electro-cable heating unit (ECHU) for preventing tubing and pipelines from asphalt, wax and paraffine precipitation

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Electric Cable Heating Unit (ECHU)

Important advantages:

Uninterrupted every-day heating of the oil flow inside the well, which provides all through-heating point in all stages of paraffin plugs

The heating cable, being inside the tubing heats the up going oil flow evenly along the whole tubing and prevents precipitation of asphaltene and parffin on the walls of tubing and casing, because the temperature of the up going oil is higher than the melting point of the paraffin.

All other methods, in particular mechanical, chemical and thermal ones, either periodically (one time in 5-15 days) or provide only partial heating which doesn’t solve the problem.

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When heating the oil in the space between the tubes, (the annulus between the casing and tubing), a great part of energy goes for heating of the space behind the tubes. Hereby, only 8-10% of the total section of the pumping tubing is freed of paraffin, whereby 100% can be freed with the help of ECHU

During the installation of the ECHU, no pause in output is required

The heating of the well can be executed in an economical mode. Small weight and dimension in comparison with usual equipment

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1. Surface wellhead

2. Seal box

3. Roller unit

4. Guiding roller

5. Heating cable

6. Fixing roller

7. Cable mounting clamp

8. Ancher

9. Cable ancher

10. Cable jointing box

12. Electric power regulator

13. Set-up transformer

14. Power cable

15. Power switch

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Basic technical data

# Specifications Value

1Maximum depth for run in of heating cable 2000 m

2 Ouside diameter of heating cable 20 mm

3 Input voltage 380 V

4 Maximum voltage 780 V

5 Maximum output currency 120 A

6 Maximum output power 90 kWt

7 Weight of control station 80 kg

8 Weight of connecting box 15 kg

9 Weight of heating cable 800 kg/km

10 Diameter of rollers (not less) 600 mm

11 Strength of heating cable (not less) 7000 kg

12 Electrical resistance of cable (not more) 20 Ohm


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1. The assembly of electro-cable heating unit (ECHU) details in the roller unit (fastening clamps with blowout prevented hawser, casing head stuffing box, unit plate fixing to the flush fitting flange)

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2. Initial time. The heating cable is run in the well manually

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3. Running the heating cable in the well by the logging winch, under death weight

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4. After the heating cable reaches nessessary depth, the secondary fastening to roller unit is carrying out; the primary fastening has been implemented via the clamps on the casing head stuffing box

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Vibroacoustic Activation (VAA) of Heavy Oil

VAA method of a complex effect is based on a resonance-vibration concept and intended for activation (mixing, dilution and dispersion) of oil and oil products containing paraffins, asphaltens, waxes and other high-viscosity liquids with thixotropic qualities.

Mixing and diluting of a liquid is achieved by means of vibration and flooding of turbulent streams having high displacement speeds. Besides that, the liquid is influenced upon with the acoustics and high magnetization.

In non- Newtonian liquids it results in destruction of elastic links, reduction of dynamic tension of a shift and plastic viscosity, destruction of paraffin crystals and display of pseudo-Newtonian characteristics of the liquid in flowing.

To stabilize the effect of viscosity reduction different depressors are added into the oil at the rate of 0.01-0.05 % per mass, which helps to reduce twice in average the period of relaxation of kinematic viscosity.

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The VAA method enables:

- to remove oil sludges,

- to clean oil tanks from bottoms,

- to prepare the oil for transporting by pipeline

(degasification, desalinization, dehydration),

- to reduce viscosity before pumping oil

through the pipelines,

- to process quality drilling muds,

- to create fine cement slurry,

- to increase stability of emulsions and

polymer compositions,

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Treatment of oil sludge pitsDirectly from waste sludge pits:

- recover up to 95% of good quality oil (pipeline grade) from

oil sludge pits

- environmentally friendly system, fast processing rates

- cost effective, value of recovered oil can cover cost of

processing sludge

- providing turn-key solutions for treating oil sludge pits

- efficient and reliable centrifugal recovery system

- minimum maintenance and supervision

- deal with space restrictions

- providing repair facility and spare parts

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Gas conversion to liquid (GCL)

End products depends on customer :* High quality gasoline or diesel fuel;

* Super high quality gasoline additive with octane number (105-125)

which can be used as antidetonation additive to low octane number

gasoline;

* Diluent for heavy oil;

* Resins or polymers;

* Gaseous alkenes (ethylene, acetylene, propylene, butane etc);

* Mixture of heavy gaseous alcanes (propane, butane, pentane)

* Mixture of aliphatic alcohols (ethanol, propanol, butanol, etc.) and

ethers (diethyl, isopropyl etc.)

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Synthes goes by pressure less than 28 psi and temperature less than

350 C (depends on the end product). Utilization degree of assosiated

gas 95-99% (with Sulfur and Hydrogen)

Gas conversion to liquid (GCL)

Main equipment:

* industry electron accelerator;

* reactor;

* circulation gas compressor;

* gas-liquid separator;

* gas separator for hydrogen;

By-products:

* gaseous hydrogen

* cristallic sulfur

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SuperSonic Separation of gas (3S)

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Some of the advantages of “3S” in comparison with conventional technologies for the separation of hydrocarbons from a mixed hydrocarbon gas stream are:

small size and therefore reduced space requirements, greater portability and reduced handling and installation costs

low capital and operating costs ,

no adverse environmental impact,

the absence of moving parts,

no requirement for routine maintenance,

conservation of reservoir energy

superior performance capabilities compared to conventional separation equipment and configurations


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“3S” has the potential to be used in the following applications by the gas industry:

gas conditioning (dehydration and heavy hydrocarbons separation);

propane/butanes separation (LPG);

separation of H2S and CO2;

ethane extraction;

methane liquefaction.


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Comparison with conventional technologies

The ”3S” unit surpasses the Joule Thompson (“JT”) valve in efficiency under all conditions. It operates effectively even under conditions where the JT valve is not applicable.

Tests have demonstrated that, in comparison with the JT valve, heavy hydrocarbon extraction is increased by over 30%, at the same pressure differentials, when using the ”3S”. Compressor horsepower savings in the complex of gas conditioning are in the range of 50 to 70% with a resultant, commensurate saving in operating, maintenance and fuel costs.


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1 2 4

431 5

Where:

1 – swirling device, 2 – sub/ supersonic nozzle, 3 – working section, 4 –device for gas-liquid mixture withdrawal, 5 – diffuser

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gerencia tecnología aplicada

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