georgia pharmacy journal - april 2014
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ÂTRANSCRIPT
April 2014VOLUME 36, ISSUE 4
REGION MEETINGS
WALKER
DADE CATOO-
SA
WHITF
IELD
MURR
AY
CHAT-TOOGA
GORDON
BARTOWFLOYD
POLKCOBB
HARAL-SON
PAUL
DING
FANNINTOWNS
RABUNUNION
GILMER
PICKENS
CHEROKEE
DAWSON
LUMPKINWHITE
HABE
RSHA
M
STE-PHENS
HALL BANKS HARTFRANKLIN
ELBERTMADISONJACKSON
OGLE-THORPE
CLARKEOCONEE
BARROW
WALTON
MORGAN GREENE
FORSYTH
ROCK
DALEDEKALB
NEWTON
WILKES
TALIAFER
RO
LINCOLN
McDUFFIE
WARREN
HANCOCK
COLUM-BIA
RICH-MOND
GLASCOCKJASPER
JEFFER-SON
BURKE
BUTTSPUTNAM
MONROE JONES
BALDWIN
BIBBCRAW-FORD
PEACH
HOUSTON
TWIGGS
WILKINSON
WASHINGTON
JOHNSON
LAURENSBLECKLEY
PULASKI DODGE
WILCOXTELFAIR
WHEELERMONTGOMERY
TREUTLEN
JENKINSSCREVEN
EMANUEL
CANDLER BULLOCH EFFING-HAM
TOOMBS
EVANS
TATTNALL
BRYANCHATHAM
LIBERTYJEFF DAVIS APPLING LONG
COFFEE BACON WAYNE McINTOSH
ATKINSON
WARE
PIERCE
BRANTLEYGLYNN
CLINCH
ECHOLS
CHARLTON CAMDEN
QUIT-MAN
RANDOLPHTERRELL LEE
CRISP
TURNER BEN HILL
CLAY CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WORTHTIFT
IRWIN
EARLY BAKER
MILLER MITCHELL COLQUITTCOOK
BERRIEN
SEMINOLE DECATUR GRADY THOMAS BROOKS
LOWND
ES
HARRIS TALBOT
UPSON
MUSCO-GEE
CHATTA-HOOCHEE
TAYLOR
MARION SCHLEY
MACON
STEWART
WEBSTER SUMTER
DOOLY
CARROLLDOUGLAS
HEARDCOWETA
CLAY-TON
HENRY
FAYETTE
SPALDING
TROUP
MERIWETHER
PIKE LAMA
R
LANIE
R
GWINNETT
FULTO
N
JENKINSSCREVEN
EMANUEL
CANDLER BULLOCH EFFING-HAM
TOOMBS
EVANS
TATTNALL
BRYANCHATHAM
LIBERTY
JENKINSSCREVEN
EMANUEL
CANDLER BULLOCH EFFING-HAM
TOOMBS
EVANS
TATTNALL
BRYANCHATHAM
LIBERTY
MAN
RANDOLPHTERRELL LEE
CRISP
TURNER BEN HILL
CLAY CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WORTHTIFT
IRWIN
EARLY BAKER
MILLER MITCHELL COLQUITTCOOK
BERRIEN
SEMINOLE DECATUR GRADY THOMAS BROOKS
LOWND
ESLA
NIER
QUIT-QUIT-MAN
RANDOLPHTERRELL LEE
CRISP
TURNER BEN HILL
CLAY CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WORTHTIFT
IRWIN
EARLY BAKER
MILLER MITCHELL COLQUITTCOOK
BERRIEN
SEMINOLE DECATUR GRADY THOMAS BROOKS
LOWND
ESLA
NIER
HARRIS TALBOT
UPSON
MUSCO-GEE
CHATTA-HOOCHEE
TAYLOR
MARION SCHLEY
MACON
STEWART
WEBSTER SUMTER
DOOLY
HARRIS TALBOT
UPSON
MUSCO-GEE
CHATTA-HOOCHEE
TAYLOR
MARION SCHLEY
MACON
STEWART SUMTER
DOOLYWEBSTER
CARROLLDOUGLAS
FULTO
N
HEARDCOWETA
CLAY-TON
HENRY
FAYETTE
SPALDING
TROUP
MERIWETHER
PIKE LAMA
R
CARROLLCARROLLCARROLLCARROLLCARROLLDOUGLAS
DOUGLAS
DOUGLAS
FULTO
NFUL
TON
FULTO
N
HEARDHEARDHEARDCOWETACOWETACOWETA
CLAY-CLAY-CLAY-TONTONTON
HENRYHENRYHENRY
FAYETTEFAYETTEFAYETTE
SPALDINGSPALDINGSPALDING
TROUPTROUPTROUP
MERIWETHER
MERIWETHER
MERIWETHER
PIKEPIKEPIKE LAMA
RLA
MAR
LAMA
R
CARROLLDOUGLAS
FULTON
HEARDCOWETA
CLAY-TON
HENRY
FAYETTE
SPALDING
TROUP
MERIWETHER
PIKE LAMA
RRO
CKDA
LEDEKALB
NEWTON
GWINNETT
FULTO
NFUL
TON
FULTO
N
FORSYTHFORSYTH
GWINNETT
ROCK
DALEDEKALB
NEWTON
FULTO
N
JASPERBUTTS
PUTNAM
MONROE JONES
BALDWIN
BIBBCRAW-FORD
PEACH
HOUSTON
TWIGGS
WILKINSON
JASPERBUTTS
PUTNAM
MONROE JONES
BALDWIN
BIBBCRAW-FORD
PEACH
HOUSTON
TWIGGS
WILKINSON
WALKER
DADE CATOO-
SA
WHITF
IELD
MURR
AY
CHAT-TOOGA
GORDON
BARTOWFLOYD
POLKCOBB
HARAL-SON
PAUL
DING
WALKER
DADE CATOO-
SA
WHITF
IELD
MURR
AY
CHAT-TOOGA
GORDON
BARTOWFLOYD
POLKCOBB
HARAL-SON
PAUL
DING
JEFF DAVIS APPLING LONG
COFFEE BACON WAYNE McINTOSH
ATKINSON
WARE
PIERCE
BRANTLEYGLYNN
CLINCH
ECHOLS
CHARLTON CAMDEN
JEFF DAVIS APPLING LONG
COFFEE BACON WAYNE McINTOSH
ATKINSON
WARE
PIERCE
BRANTLEYGLYNN
CLINCH
ECHOLS
CHARLTON CAMDEN
FANNINTOWNS
RABUNUNION
GILMER
PICKENS
CHEROKEE
DAWSON
LUMPKINWHITE
HABE
RSHA
M
FANNINTOWNS
RABUNUNION
GILMER
PICKENS
CHEROKEE
DAWSON
LUMPKINWHITE
HABE
RSHA
M
STE-PHENS
HALL BANKS HARTFRANKLIN
ELBERTMADISONJACKSON
OGLE-THORPE
CLARKEOCONEE
BARROW
WALTON
MORGAN GREENE
STE-PHENS
HALL BANKS HARTFRANKLIN
ELBERTMADISONJACKSON
OGLE-THORPE
CLARKEOCONEE
BARROW
WALTON
MORGAN GREENE
WILKES
TALIAFER
RO
LINCOLN
McDUFFIE
WARREN
HANCOCK
COLUM-BIA
RICH-MOND
GLASCOCK
JEFFER-SON
BURKE
WASHINGTON
WILKES
TALIAFER
RO
LINCOLN
McDUFFIE
WARREN
HANCOCK
COLUM-BIA
RICH-MOND
JEFFER-SON
BURKE
WASHINGTON
GLASCOCK
JOHNSON
LAURENSBLECKLEY
PULASKI DODGE
WILCOXTELFAIR
WHEELERMONTGOMERY
TREUTLEN
JOHNSON
LAURENSBLECKLEY
PULASKI DODGE
WILCOXTELFAIR
WHEELERMONTGOMERY
TREUTLEN
It’s time for the GPhA Spring Region Meetings and you’re invited!
- PLUS - GPhA Election Nominees
Legislative Recap GPhA Convention Preliminary Program
Editor: Jim [email protected]
Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal® (GPJ) is the offi cial publication of the Georgia Pharmacy Association, Inc. (GPhA). Copyright © 2014, Georgia Pharmacy Association, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including by photocopy, recording or information storage retrieval systems, without prior written permission from the publisher and managing editor.
All views expressed in bylined articles are the opinions of the author and do not necessarily express the views or policies of the editors, offi cers or members of the Georgia Pharmacy Association.
ARTICLES AND ARTWORKThose interested in writing for this publication are encouraged to request the offi cial “GPJ Guidelines for Writers.” Artists or photographers wishing to submit artwork for use on the cover should call, write or email [email protected].
SUBSCRIPTIONS AND CHANGE OF ADDRESSTh e Georgia Pharmacy Journal® (GPJ) (ISSN 1075-6965) is distributed as a regular membership service, paid for through allocation of membership dues. Subscription rate for non-members is $50.00 per year domestic and $10.00 per single copy; international rates $65.00 per year and $20.00 single copy. Subscriptions are not available for non-GPhA member pharmacists licensed and practicing in Georgia.
Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal® (GPJ) (ISSN 1075-6965) is published monthly by the GPhA, 50 Lenox Pointe, NE, Atlanta, GA 30324. Periodicals postage paid at Atlanta, GA and additional offi ces.
POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal®, 50 Lenox Pointe, NE, Atlanta, GA 30324.
ADVERTISINGAdvertising copy deadline and rates are available upon request. All advertising and production orders should be sent to the GPhA headquarters at [email protected].
GPhA Headquarters50 Lenox Pointe, NE
Atlanta, Georgia 30324t 404-231-5074 f 404-237-8435
www.gpha.org
April 2014
1Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal
ContentsMessage from Pamala Marquess .................
Message from Jim Bracewell .........................
2014 GPhA Election Nominees.....................
Member News ..................................................
24
75
132014 GPhA Convention Preliminary Program................................
PharmPAC Supporters ................................18Continuing Education ............................... 21GPhA Board of Directors .........................28
REGION MEETINGS
WALKER
DADE CATOO-
SA
WHITF
IELD
MURR
AY
CHAT-TOOGA GORDON
BARTOWFLOYD
POLKCOBB
HARAL-SON
PAUL
DING
FANNIN TOWNSRABUN
UNION
GILMER
PICKENS
CHEROKEE
DAWSON
LUMPKINWHITE
HABE
RSHA
M
STE-PHENS
HALL BANKS HARTFRANKLIN
ELBERTMADISONJACKSON
OGLE-THORPE
CLARKEOCONEE
BARROW
WALTON
MORGAN GREENE
FORSYTH
ROCK
DALEDEKALB
NEWTON
WILKES
TALIAFERRO
LINCOLN
McDUFFIE
WARREN
HANCOCK
COLUM-BIA
RICH-MOND
GLASCOCKJASPER
JEFFER-SON
BURKE
BUTTSPUTNAM
MONROE JONES
BALDWIN
BIBBCRAW-FORD
PEACH
HOUSTON
TWIGGS
WILKINSON
WASHINGTON
JOHNSON
LAURENSBLECKLEY
PULASKIDODGE
WILCOXTELFAIR
WHEELERMONTGOMERY
TREUTLEN
JENKINSSCREVEN
EMANUEL
CANDLER BULLOCH EFFING-HAM
TOOMBS
EVANS
TATTNALL
BRYANCHATHAM
LIBERTYJEFF DAVIS APPLING LONG
COFFEE BACON WAYNEMcINTOSH
ATKINSON
WARE
PIERCE
BRANTLEYGLYNN
CLINCH
ECHOLS
CHARLTON CAMDEN
QUIT-MAN
RANDOLPHTERRELL LEE
CRISP
TURNER BEN HILL
CLAY CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WORTHTIFT
IRWIN
EARLY BAKER
MILLER MITCHELL COLQUITTCOOK
BERRIEN
SEMINOLE DECATUR GRADY THOMAS BROOKS
LOWND
ES
HARRIS TALBOT
UPSON
MUSCO-GEE
CHATTA-HOOCHEE
TAYLOR
MARION SCHLEY
MACON
STEWART
WEBSTER SUMTERDOOLY
CARROLLDOUGLAS
HEARDCOWETA
CLAY-TON
HENRY
FAYETTE
SPALDING
TROUP
MERIWETHER
PIKE
LAMA
R
LANIE
R
GWINNETT
FULTON
JENKINSSCREVEN
EMANUEL
CANDLER BULLOCH EFFING-HAM
TOOMBS
EVANS
TATTNALL
BRYANCHATHAM
LIBERTY
TATTNALL
JENKINSSCREVEN
EMANUEL
CANDLER BULLOCH EFFING-HAM
TOOMBS
EVANS
TATTNALL
BRYANCHATHAM
LIBERTYMAN
RANDOLPHTERRELL LEE
CRISP
TURNER BEN HILL
CLAY CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WORTHTIFT
IRWIN
EARLY BAKER
MILLER MITCHELL COLQUITTCOOK
BERRIEN
SEMINOLE DECATUR GRADY THOMAS BROOKS
LOWND
ESLA
NIER
QUIT-
BEN HILL
QUIT-MAN
RANDOLPHTERRELL LEE
CRISP
TURNER BEN HILL
CLAY CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WORTHTIFT
IRWIN
EARLY BAKER
MILLER MITCHELL COLQUITTCOOK
BERRIEN
SEMINOLE DECATUR GRADY THOMAS BROOKS
LOWND
ESLA
NIER
HARRIS TALBOT
UPSON
MUSCO-GEE
CHATTA-HOOCHEE
TAYLOR
MARION SCHLEY
MACON
STEWART
WEBSTER SUMTERDOOLY
HARRIS TALBOT
UPSON
MUSCO-GEE
CHATTA-HOOCHEE
TAYLOR
MARION SCHLEY
MACON
STEWART SUMTERDOOLYWEBSTER
CARROLLDOUGLAS
FULTON
HEARDCOWETA
CLAY-TON
HENRY
FAYETTE
SPALDING
TROUP
MERIWETHER
PIKE
LAMA
R
CARROLLCARROLLCARROLLCARROLLCARROLLFULTO
NFULTO
NFULTO
N
HEARDHEARDHEARDCOWETACOWETACOWETA
CLAY-CLAY-CLAY-TONTONTON
HENRYHENRYHENRY
FAYETTEFAYETTEFAYETTE
TROUPTROUPTROUP
MERIWETHER
MERIWETHER
MERIWETHER
PIKEPIKEPIKE
LAMA
RLA
MAR
LAMA
R
DOUGLAS
DOUGLAS
DOUGLAS
FULTON
FULTON
FULTON
SPALDINGSPALDINGSPALDING
CARROLLDOUGLAS
FULTON
HEARDCOWETA
CLAY-TON
HENRY
FAYETTE
SPALDING
TROUP
MERIWETHER
PIKE
LAMA
R
FORSYTH
ROCK
DALEDEKALB
NEWTON
GWINNETT
FULTON
FULTON
FULTON
FULTON
FULTON
FULTON
FORSYTH
GWINNETT
ROCK
DALEDEKALB
NEWTON
FULTON
JASPERBUTTS
PUTNAM
MONROE JONES
BIBBCRAW-FORD
PEACH
HOUSTON
TWIGGS
WILKINSON
BALDWIN
JASPERBUTTS
PUTNAM
MONROE JONES
BALDWIN
BIBBCRAW-FORD
PEACH
HOUSTON
TWIGGS
WILKINSON
WALKER
DADE CATOO-
SA
WHITF
IELD
MURR
AY
CHAT-TOOGA GORDON
BARTOWFLOYD
POLKCOBB
HARAL-SON
PAUL
DING
WALKER
DADE CATOO-
SA
WHITF
IELD
MURR
AY
CHAT-TOOGA GORDON
BARTOWFLOYD
POLKCOBB
HARAL-SON
PAUL
DING
JEFF DAVIS APPLING LONG
COFFEE BACON WAYNEMcINTOSH
ATKINSON
WARE
PIERCE
BRANTLEYGLYNN
CLINCH
ECHOLS
CHARLTON CAMDEN
JEFF DAVIS APPLING LONG
COFFEE BACON WAYNEMcINTOSH
ATKINSON
WARE
PIERCE
BRANTLEYGLYNN
CLINCH
ECHOLS
CHARLTON CAMDEN
FANNIN TOWNSRABUN
UNION
GILMER
PICKENS
CHEROKEE
DAWSON
LUMPKINWHITE
HABE
RSHA
M
FANNIN TOWNSRABUN
UNION
GILMER
PICKENS
CHEROKEE
DAWSON
LUMPKINWHITE
HABE
RSHA
M
STE-PHENS
HALL BANKS HARTFRANKLIN
ELBERTMADISONJACKSON
OGLE-THORPE
CLARKEOCONEE
BARROW
WALTON
MORGAN GREENE
STE-PHENS
HALL BANKS HARTFRANKLIN
ELBERTMADISONJACKSON
OGLE-THORPE
CLARKEOCONEE
BARROW
WALTON
MORGAN GREENE
WILKES
TALIAFERRO
LINCOLN
McDUFFIE
WARREN
HANCOCK
COLUM-BIA
RICH-MOND
GLASCOCK
JEFFER-SON
BURKEWASHINGTON
WILKES
TALIAFERRO
LINCOLN
McDUFFIE
WARREN
HANCOCK
COLUM-BIA
RICH-MOND
JEFFER-SON
BURKEWASHINGTON
GLASCOCK
JOHNSON
LAURENSBLECKLEY
PULASKIDODGE
WILCOXTELFAIR
WHEELERMONTGOMERY
TREUTLEN
JOHNSON
LAURENSBLECKLEY
PULASKIDODGE
WILCOXTELFAIR
WHEELERMONTGOMERY
TREUTLEN
It’s time for the Spring Region Meetings 10................
Legislative Recap...............................................
Industry News ...............................................16
8
Editor: Jim [email protected]
Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal® (GPJ) is the offi cial publication of the Georgia Pharmacy Association, Inc. (GPhA). Copyright © 2014, Georgia Pharmacy Association, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including by photocopy, recording or information storage retrieval systems, without prior written permission from the publisher and managing editor.
All views expressed in bylined articles are the opinions of the author and do not necessarily express the views or policies of the editors, offi cers or members of the Georgia Pharmacy Association.
ARTICLES AND ARTWORKThose interested in writing for this publication are encouraged to request the offi cial “GPJ Guidelines for Writers.” Artists or photographers wishing to submit artwork for use on the cover should call, write or email [email protected].
SUBSCRIPTIONS AND CHANGE OF ADDRESSTh e Georgia Pharmacy Journal® (GPJ) (ISSN 1075-6965) is distributed as a regular membership service, paid for through allocation of membership dues. Subscription rate for non-members is $50.00 per year domestic and $10.00 per single copy; international rates $65.00 per year and $20.00 single copy. Subscriptions are not available for non-GPhA member pharmacists licensed and practicing in Georgia.
Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal® (GPJ) (ISSN 1075-6965) is published monthly by the GPhA, 50 Lenox Pointe, NE, Atlanta, GA 30324. Periodicals postage paid at Atlanta, GA and additional offi ces.
POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal®, 50 Lenox Pointe, NE, Atlanta, GA 30324.
ADVERTISINGAdvertising copy deadline and rates are available upon request. All advertising and production orders should be sent to the GPhA headquarters at [email protected].
GPhA Headquarters50 Lenox Pointe, NE
Atlanta, Georgia 30324t 404-231-5074 f 404-237-8435
www.gpha.org
April 2014
1Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal
ContentsMessage from Pamala Marquess .................
Message from Jim Bracewell .........................
2014 GPhA Election Nominees.....................
Member News ..................................................
24
75
132014 GPhA Convention Preliminary Program................................
PharmPAC Supporters ................................18Continuing Education ............................... 21GPhA Board of Directors .........................28
REGION MEETINGS
WALKER
DADE CATOO-
SA
WHITF
IELD
MURR
AY
CHAT-TOOGA GORDON
BARTOWFLOYD
POLKCOBB
HARAL-SON
PAUL
DING
FANNIN TOWNSRABUN
UNION
GILMER
PICKENS
CHEROKEE
DAWSON
LUMPKINWHITE
HABE
RSHA
M
STE-PHENS
HALL BANKS HARTFRANKLIN
ELBERTMADISONJACKSON
OGLE-THORPE
CLARKEOCONEE
BARROW
WALTON
MORGAN GREENE
FORSYTH
ROCK
DALEDEKALB
NEWTON
WILKES
TALIAFERRO
LINCOLN
McDUFFIE
WARREN
HANCOCK
COLUM-BIA
RICH-MOND
GLASCOCKJASPER
JEFFER-SON
BURKE
BUTTSPUTNAM
MONROE JONES
BALDWIN
BIBBCRAW-FORD
PEACH
HOUSTON
TWIGGS
WILKINSON
WASHINGTON
JOHNSON
LAURENSBLECKLEY
PULASKIDODGE
WILCOXTELFAIR
WHEELERMONTGOMERY
TREUTLEN
JENKINSSCREVEN
EMANUEL
CANDLER BULLOCH EFFING-HAM
TOOMBS
EVANS
TATTNALL
BRYANCHATHAM
LIBERTYJEFF DAVIS APPLING LONG
COFFEE BACON WAYNEMcINTOSH
ATKINSON
WARE
PIERCE
BRANTLEYGLYNN
CLINCH
ECHOLS
CHARLTON CAMDEN
QUIT-MAN
RANDOLPHTERRELL LEE
CRISP
TURNER BEN HILL
CLAY CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WORTHTIFT
IRWIN
EARLY BAKER
MILLER MITCHELL COLQUITTCOOK
BERRIEN
SEMINOLE DECATUR GRADY THOMAS BROOKS
LOWND
ES
HARRIS TALBOT
UPSON
MUSCO-GEE
CHATTA-HOOCHEE
TAYLOR
MARION SCHLEY
MACON
STEWART
WEBSTER SUMTERDOOLY
CARROLLDOUGLAS
HEARDCOWETA
CLAY-TON
HENRY
FAYETTE
SPALDING
TROUP
MERIWETHER
PIKE
LAMA
R
LANIE
R
GWINNETT
FULTON
JENKINSSCREVEN
EMANUEL
CANDLER BULLOCH EFFING-HAM
TOOMBS
EVANS
TATTNALL
BRYANCHATHAM
LIBERTY
TATTNALL
JENKINSSCREVEN
EMANUEL
CANDLER BULLOCH EFFING-HAM
TOOMBS
EVANS
TATTNALL
BRYANCHATHAM
LIBERTYMAN
RANDOLPHTERRELL LEE
CRISP
TURNER BEN HILL
CLAY CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WORTHTIFT
IRWIN
EARLY BAKER
MILLER MITCHELL COLQUITTCOOK
BERRIEN
SEMINOLE DECATUR GRADY THOMAS BROOKS
LOWND
ESLA
NIER
QUIT-
BEN HILL
QUIT-MAN
RANDOLPHTERRELL LEE
CRISP
TURNER BEN HILL
CLAY CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WORTHTIFT
IRWIN
EARLY BAKER
MILLER MITCHELL COLQUITTCOOK
BERRIEN
SEMINOLE DECATUR GRADY THOMAS BROOKS
LOWND
ESLA
NIER
HARRIS TALBOT
UPSON
MUSCO-GEE
CHATTA-HOOCHEE
TAYLOR
MARION SCHLEY
MACON
STEWART
WEBSTER SUMTERDOOLY
HARRIS TALBOT
UPSON
MUSCO-GEE
CHATTA-HOOCHEE
TAYLOR
MARION SCHLEY
MACON
STEWART SUMTERDOOLYWEBSTER
CARROLLDOUGLAS
FULTON
HEARDCOWETA
CLAY-TON
HENRY
FAYETTE
SPALDING
TROUP
MERIWETHER
PIKE
LAMA
R
CARROLLCARROLLCARROLLCARROLLCARROLLFULTO
NFULTO
NFULTO
N
HEARDHEARDHEARDCOWETACOWETACOWETA
CLAY-CLAY-CLAY-TONTONTON
HENRYHENRYHENRY
FAYETTEFAYETTEFAYETTE
TROUPTROUPTROUP
MERIWETHER
MERIWETHER
MERIWETHER
PIKEPIKEPIKE
LAMA
RLA
MAR
LAMA
R
DOUGLAS
DOUGLAS
DOUGLAS
FULTON
FULTON
FULTON
SPALDINGSPALDINGSPALDING
CARROLLDOUGLAS
FULTON
HEARDCOWETA
CLAY-TON
HENRY
FAYETTE
SPALDING
TROUP
MERIWETHER
PIKE
LAMA
R
FORSYTH
ROCK
DALEDEKALB
NEWTON
GWINNETT
FULTON
FULTON
FULTON
FULTON
FULTON
FULTON
FORSYTH
GWINNETT
ROCK
DALEDEKALB
NEWTON
FULTON
JASPERBUTTS
PUTNAM
MONROE JONES
BIBBCRAW-FORD
PEACH
HOUSTON
TWIGGS
WILKINSON
BALDWIN
JASPERBUTTS
PUTNAM
MONROE JONES
BALDWIN
BIBBCRAW-FORD
PEACH
HOUSTON
TWIGGS
WILKINSON
WALKER
DADE CATOO-
SA
WHITF
IELD
MURR
AY
CHAT-TOOGA GORDON
BARTOWFLOYD
POLKCOBB
HARAL-SON
PAUL
DING
WALKER
DADE CATOO-
SA
WHITF
IELD
MURR
AY
CHAT-TOOGA GORDON
BARTOWFLOYD
POLKCOBB
HARAL-SON
PAUL
DING
JEFF DAVIS APPLING LONG
COFFEE BACON WAYNEMcINTOSH
ATKINSON
WARE
PIERCE
BRANTLEYGLYNN
CLINCH
ECHOLS
CHARLTON CAMDEN
JEFF DAVIS APPLING LONG
COFFEE BACON WAYNEMcINTOSH
ATKINSON
WARE
PIERCE
BRANTLEYGLYNN
CLINCH
ECHOLS
CHARLTON CAMDEN
FANNIN TOWNSRABUN
UNION
GILMER
PICKENS
CHEROKEE
DAWSON
LUMPKINWHITE
HABE
RSHA
M
FANNIN TOWNSRABUN
UNION
GILMER
PICKENS
CHEROKEE
DAWSON
LUMPKINWHITE
HABE
RSHA
M
STE-PHENS
HALL BANKS HARTFRANKLIN
ELBERTMADISONJACKSON
OGLE-THORPE
CLARKEOCONEE
BARROW
WALTON
MORGAN GREENE
STE-PHENS
HALL BANKS HARTFRANKLIN
ELBERTMADISONJACKSON
OGLE-THORPE
CLARKEOCONEE
BARROW
WALTON
MORGAN GREENE
WILKES
TALIAFERRO
LINCOLN
McDUFFIE
WARREN
HANCOCK
COLUM-BIA
RICH-MOND
GLASCOCK
JEFFER-SON
BURKEWASHINGTON
WILKES
TALIAFERRO
LINCOLN
McDUFFIE
WARREN
HANCOCK
COLUM-BIA
RICH-MOND
JEFFER-SON
BURKEWASHINGTON
GLASCOCK
JOHNSON
LAURENSBLECKLEY
PULASKIDODGE
WILCOXTELFAIR
WHEELERMONTGOMERY
TREUTLEN
JOHNSON
LAURENSBLECKLEY
PULASKIDODGE
WILCOXTELFAIR
WHEELERMONTGOMERY
TREUTLEN
It’s time for the Spring Region Meetings 10................
Legislative Recap...............................................
Industry News ...............................................16
8
Pamala MarquessGPhA President
Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal2
MESSAGE from Pamala Marquess
“GPhA Strong”
Only strong, diverse professional groups, which have the ability to change and adapt to meet the demands of a growing profession will survive in the future. Th e Georgia Pharmacy Association prides itself on adaptability and changing with the times to address the challenges facing pharmacy. With a clear mission and a purpose of advancing and protecting the pharmacy profession in Georgia, GPhA employs strategies to achieve its goals.
Th rough the years, these goals have changed and evolved much like the profession. Th ink about the many challenges that GPhA and our profession has encountered in
the past twenty years. Decreasing reimbursements, increasing regula-tions, electronic prescriptions, prescription pad requirements, Medicare audits, Medicare part D, and more. GPhA has been there every step of the way. Georgia is one of the most progressive states in which pharma-cists can practice. We lead the nation with 5 Pharmacists Legislators; Ron Stephens, Buddy Harden, Buddy Carter, Butch Parrish, and Bruce Broadrick. Th ese gentlemen understand our challenges as well as our viewpoints and I would like to personally thank each of them for their service. Th is Spring, we have the unique opportunity to elect the only Pharmacist in the U.S. Congress - Buddy Carter. I hope you have been actively involved with your support of Buddy Carter. With the
many challenges we face, we need a pharmacist in Congress. GPhA is committed to developing programs to further advance the role of the
pharmacist. MTM and STAR ratings will be a focus of this year’s annual convention. GPhA understands that information and communication are vital to the success of any professional group. We are here to ensure you are trained and prepared for suc-cess.
In closing, I want to mention one other point.Now is the time to make and fi nalize your plans for the 2014 GPhA Annual Con-
vention, June 26-29, at the Wyndham Bay Point Resort in Panama City Beach, Florida. Th is year’s theme will be “Anchored in Excellence”. I hope to see you there! n
Pamala S. MarquessPam
let our expertsdo the math
800.247.5930www.phmic.com
Now more than ever, pharmacists are learning just how important it is to have not only proper insurance coverage, but the right amount of insurance. We understand the risks involved in operating a pharmacy practice and have coverage designed to ensure that you and your business are protected. We even provide policies specifically designed for practices that offer specialty services such as compounding or home medical equipment.
Trust the experts - our representatives can help you determine the right coverage for you. We offer products to meet all your needs; everything from business and personal insurance to life and investments. We’re proud to be your single source for insurance protection.
• Pharmacists Mutual Insurance Company• Pharmacists Life Insurance Company
• Pro Advantage Services®, Inc. d/b/a Pharmacists Insurance Agency (in California)
CA License No. 0G22035
Not licensed to sell all products in all states.Find us on Social Media:
Hutton Madden800.247.5930 ext. 7149
404.375.7209
“Now is the time to fi nalize your
plans for the 2014 GPhA Convention,
June 26-29 at the Wyndham Bay Point
Resort in Panama City Beach, Florida.”
Pamala MarquessGPhA President
Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal2
MESSAGE from Pamala Marquess
“GPhA Strong”
Only strong, diverse professional groups, which have the ability to change and adapt to meet the demands of a growing profession will survive in the future. Th e Georgia Pharmacy Association prides itself on adaptability and changing with the times to address the challenges facing pharmacy. With a clear mission and a purpose of advancing and protecting the pharmacy profession in Georgia, GPhA employs strategies to achieve its goals.
Th rough the years, these goals have changed and evolved much like the profession. Th ink about the many challenges that GPhA and our profession has encountered in
the past twenty years. Decreasing reimbursements, increasing regula-tions, electronic prescriptions, prescription pad requirements, Medicare audits, Medicare part D, and more. GPhA has been there every step of the way. Georgia is one of the most progressive states in which pharma-cists can practice. We lead the nation with 5 Pharmacists Legislators; Ron Stephens, Buddy Harden, Buddy Carter, Butch Parrish, and Bruce Broadrick. Th ese gentlemen understand our challenges as well as our viewpoints and I would like to personally thank each of them for their service. Th is Spring, we have the unique opportunity to elect the only Pharmacist in the U.S. Congress - Buddy Carter. I hope you have been actively involved with your support of Buddy Carter. With the
many challenges we face, we need a pharmacist in Congress. GPhA is committed to developing programs to further advance the role of the
pharmacist. MTM and STAR ratings will be a focus of this year’s annual convention. GPhA understands that information and communication are vital to the success of any professional group. We are here to ensure you are trained and prepared for suc-cess.
In closing, I want to mention one other point.Now is the time to make and fi nalize your plans for the 2014 GPhA Annual Con-
vention, June 26-29, at the Wyndham Bay Point Resort in Panama City Beach, Florida. Th is year’s theme will be “Anchored in Excellence”. I hope to see you there! n
Pamala S. MarquessPam
let our expertsdo the math
800.247.5930www.phmic.com
Now more than ever, pharmacists are learning just how important it is to have not only proper insurance coverage, but the right amount of insurance. We understand the risks involved in operating a pharmacy practice and have coverage designed to ensure that you and your business are protected. We even provide policies specifically designed for practices that offer specialty services such as compounding or home medical equipment.
Trust the experts - our representatives can help you determine the right coverage for you. We offer products to meet all your needs; everything from business and personal insurance to life and investments. We’re proud to be your single source for insurance protection.
• Pharmacists Mutual Insurance Company• Pharmacists Life Insurance Company
• Pro Advantage Services®, Inc. d/b/a Pharmacists Insurance Agency (in California)
CA License No. 0G22035
Not licensed to sell all products in all states.Find us on Social Media:
Hutton Madden800.247.5930 ext. 7149
404.375.7209
“Now is the time to fi nalize your
plans for the 2014 GPhA Convention,
June 26-29 at the Wyndham Bay Point
Resort in Panama City Beach, Florida.”
Registered Representative of INVEST Financial Corporation, member FINRA/SIPC. INVEST and its a� liated insurance agencies o� er securities, advisory services and certain insurance products and are not a� liated with Financial Network Associates, Inc. Other advisory services o� ered through Financial Network Associates, Inc. ad.10040.110749
Real Financial Planning.No Generics.
It means having real strategies for all your � nancial issues, not just insurance and investments. It means working with a real planner who is experienced with the needs of pharmacists, their
families and their practices. It means working with an independent � rm you can trust.
Michael T. Tarrant, CFP®• Speaker & Author• PharmPAC Supporter• Creating Real Financial
Planning for over 20 Years
1117 Perimeter Center West, Suite N-307 • Atlanta, GA 30338 • 770-350-2455 • FNAplanners.com • [email protected]
Jim Bracewell Executive Vice President
The Georgia Pharmacy Journal
I am sure most of us have had personal encounters with Raccoons. Perhaps like me, you have experienced these fury animals on more than one occasion. One of my most intrigu-ing encounters was at a fine Hilton Head Island restaurant as the masked creatures peered through the widow by my dining table. Another time at my brother’s house in an upscale neighborhood in North Atlanta, I watched them come onto his back deck in search of food – undaunted by lights and the noise of the family activities. The raccoons had adapted nicely and successfully into their new environment of opportunity.
Raccoons originally started out in the tropics but they moved north and all along the way they changed their diet. At one time they only lived in trees. Today they live as far north as Alaska. They have multiplied in some of America’s most bustling cities like Chicago, New York and even Toronto, Canada. Today there are 50 times more raccoons in Toronto than in the Canadian countryside.
If raccoons sense that there is a reward to be had, they will doggedly work on the problem until it is solved and the goal is reached. Raccoons are perhaps the most adaptable creature
on planet earth. They readily take advantage of the novel environments of a large city. They know how to open doors, both figuratively and literally to find their fit into an urban environment. Raccoons can handle most anything the world can put on them.
Pharmacy started out as a specialty segment of medicine in the early 1800’s. Anecdotally we are told doctors in most communities realized that it would better for the health of the community if one practitioner specialized and set up an apothecary. Later, schools were established, formal education was required and the pharmacy profession began to evolve.
Pharmacists provided prescription drugs to patients but did not counsel patients, or even interact a great deal with physicians. In 1990, Medicaid said
pharmacists were required to offer patient counseling on prescriptions. Today, CMS calls for pharmacists to perform annual MTM reviews. Hospitals are seeking pharmacists to improve the readmit numbers by assuring patients are compliant to their meds upon discharge. The healthcare community is crying out for patient adherence to drug therapy. Another huge opportunity for pharmacy to adapt to and profit as a profession.
Like raccoons, pharmacists have adapted to the change of their practice environments. Pharmacists today have the most expansive opportunity for the profession’s future as we move toward provider status. (See the related story on page 16 of the January issue of the GPhA Journal.) Maybe Pharmacy ought to adopt the raccoon as a mascot for the profession? Pharmacists are unstoppable, innovative and adaptable to the fast pace change of the provi-sion of healthcare.
I am not sure if pharmacists learned much adaptivity from raccoons or maybe raccoons watched pharmacists and said those guys really know how to profit from adjustments to change and thrive in a fast arriving future.
The next time you are uncertain about how to cope with your changing profession, take a look at the raccoons in your neighborhood. Ask for encouragement from the planet’s most adaptive creature (next to pharmacists of course). n
Jim
4
“If raccoons sense that there is a reward to be had, they will doggedly work on the problem until
it is solved.”
Can a Pharmacist Learn From a Raccoon?
The Georgia Pharmacy Journal
M E M B E R N E W S
This past winter, the APhA-ASP chapter at Philadelphia College of Os-teopathic Medicine School of Pharmacy (PCOM) had the opportunity to work with a local Diabetes Awareness Foun-dation. The Foundation’s goal is to raise diabetes awareness through outreach, advocacy and education. They are able to achieve their goal by recommending and promoting diabetes management, pre-vention and support services for groups who are disproportionately affected by diabetes, in rural, low-income and un-der served communities throughout the state of Georgia. As an organization we wanted to help promote diabetes man-agement through the production of care packages for the less fortunate members of the community. Many diabetics are not able to maintain their glucose levels because they cannot afford the expensive materials it takes to properly manage di-abetes. As an organization, our goal was
PCOM School of Pharmacy Impacting the Local Diabetic CommunityBy Ashley Groves, APhA-ASP President and Joylaina Speaks, APhA-ASP Secretary
to provide essential materials needed for proper diabetes management through fifty care packages. The packages includ-ed diabetic gloves, alcohol swabs, mini sharps containers, band aids, hard candy for hyperglycemia, single syringe cas-es, logbooks, and small diabetes infor-mation booklets. We were able to fund our efforts through a generous donation from the Walgreens Diversity Fund Ini-tiative.
The leaders of this event were Ashley Groves, our APhA President, and Crys-tal Crawford, our Operation Self-Care Committee Chair. Through their efforts, the students had a wonderful time or-ganizing the care packages and inter-acting with fellow students and faculty members. The foundation was ecstatic to receive our care packages and we look forward to this event being one of the continued traditions of our chapter. n
PCOM students assemble essential diabetic materials for a local Diabetes Awareness Foundation. Photos by Jis Joseph, APhA-ASP Historian
WELCOME New Members
THE GEORGIA PHARMACY ASSOCIATION
PharmacistsRandy Wheeler, Alma, GA
Tara Rogers, Gainesville, GABrandon Teal, Gulf Shores, ALLindsay McCoy, Athens, GA
Associate Max Clifford
North Star Resource Group Scottdale, GA
Registered Representative of INVEST Financial Corporation, member FINRA/SIPC. INVEST and its a� liated insurance agencies o� er securities, advisory services and certain insurance products and are not a� liated with Financial Network Associates, Inc. Other advisory services o� ered through Financial Network Associates, Inc. ad.10040.110749
Real Financial Planning.No Generics.
It means having real strategies for all your � nancial issues, not just insurance and investments. It means working with a real planner who is experienced with the needs of pharmacists, their
families and their practices. It means working with an independent � rm you can trust.
Michael T. Tarrant, CFP®• Speaker & Author• PharmPAC Supporter• Creating Real Financial
Planning for over 20 Years
1117 Perimeter Center West, Suite N-307 • Atlanta, GA 30338 • 770-350-2455 • FNAplanners.com • [email protected]
Jim Bracewell Executive Vice President
The Georgia Pharmacy Journal
I am sure most of us have had personal encounters with Raccoons. Perhaps like me, you have experienced these fury animals on more than one occasion. One of my most intrigu-ing encounters was at a fine Hilton Head Island restaurant as the masked creatures peered through the widow by my dining table. Another time at my brother’s house in an upscale neighborhood in North Atlanta, I watched them come onto his back deck in search of food – undaunted by lights and the noise of the family activities. The raccoons had adapted nicely and successfully into their new environment of opportunity.
Raccoons originally started out in the tropics but they moved north and all along the way they changed their diet. At one time they only lived in trees. Today they live as far north as Alaska. They have multiplied in some of America’s most bustling cities like Chicago, New York and even Toronto, Canada. Today there are 50 times more raccoons in Toronto than in the Canadian countryside.
If raccoons sense that there is a reward to be had, they will doggedly work on the problem until it is solved and the goal is reached. Raccoons are perhaps the most adaptable creature
on planet earth. They readily take advantage of the novel environments of a large city. They know how to open doors, both figuratively and literally to find their fit into an urban environment. Raccoons can handle most anything the world can put on them.
Pharmacy started out as a specialty segment of medicine in the early 1800’s. Anecdotally we are told doctors in most communities realized that it would better for the health of the community if one practitioner specialized and set up an apothecary. Later, schools were established, formal education was required and the pharmacy profession began to evolve.
Pharmacists provided prescription drugs to patients but did not counsel patients, or even interact a great deal with physicians. In 1990, Medicaid said
pharmacists were required to offer patient counseling on prescriptions. Today, CMS calls for pharmacists to perform annual MTM reviews. Hospitals are seeking pharmacists to improve the readmit numbers by assuring patients are compliant to their meds upon discharge. The healthcare community is crying out for patient adherence to drug therapy. Another huge opportunity for pharmacy to adapt to and profit as a profession.
Like raccoons, pharmacists have adapted to the change of their practice environments. Pharmacists today have the most expansive opportunity for the profession’s future as we move toward provider status. (See the related story on page 16 of the January issue of the GPhA Journal.) Maybe Pharmacy ought to adopt the raccoon as a mascot for the profession? Pharmacists are unstoppable, innovative and adaptable to the fast pace change of the provi-sion of healthcare.
I am not sure if pharmacists learned much adaptivity from raccoons or maybe raccoons watched pharmacists and said those guys really know how to profit from adjustments to change and thrive in a fast arriving future.
The next time you are uncertain about how to cope with your changing profession, take a look at the raccoons in your neighborhood. Ask for encouragement from the planet’s most adaptive creature (next to pharmacists of course). n
Jim
4
“If raccoons sense that there is a reward to be had, they will doggedly work on the problem until
it is solved.”
Can a Pharmacist Learn From a Raccoon?
The Georgia Pharmacy Journal
M E M B E R N E W S
This past winter, the APhA-ASP chapter at Philadelphia College of Os-teopathic Medicine School of Pharmacy (PCOM) had the opportunity to work with a local Diabetes Awareness Foun-dation. The Foundation’s goal is to raise diabetes awareness through outreach, advocacy and education. They are able to achieve their goal by recommending and promoting diabetes management, pre-vention and support services for groups who are disproportionately affected by diabetes, in rural, low-income and un-der served communities throughout the state of Georgia. As an organization we wanted to help promote diabetes man-agement through the production of care packages for the less fortunate members of the community. Many diabetics are not able to maintain their glucose levels because they cannot afford the expensive materials it takes to properly manage di-abetes. As an organization, our goal was
PCOM School of Pharmacy Impacting the Local Diabetic CommunityBy Ashley Groves, APhA-ASP President and Joylaina Speaks, APhA-ASP Secretary
to provide essential materials needed for proper diabetes management through fifty care packages. The packages includ-ed diabetic gloves, alcohol swabs, mini sharps containers, band aids, hard candy for hyperglycemia, single syringe cas-es, logbooks, and small diabetes infor-mation booklets. We were able to fund our efforts through a generous donation from the Walgreens Diversity Fund Ini-tiative.
The leaders of this event were Ashley Groves, our APhA President, and Crys-tal Crawford, our Operation Self-Care Committee Chair. Through their efforts, the students had a wonderful time or-ganizing the care packages and inter-acting with fellow students and faculty members. The foundation was ecstatic to receive our care packages and we look forward to this event being one of the continued traditions of our chapter. n
PCOM students assemble essential diabetic materials for a local Diabetes Awareness Foundation. Photos by Jis Joseph, APhA-ASP Historian
WELCOME New Members
THE GEORGIA PHARMACY ASSOCIATION
PharmacistsRandy Wheeler, Alma, GA
Tara Rogers, Gainesville, GABrandon Teal, Gulf Shores, ALLindsay McCoy, Athens, GA
Associate Max Clifford
North Star Resource Group Scottdale, GA
Charles (Chuck) Wilson GPhA 2nd Vice Presidential Candidate
Chuck grew up in the Atlanta area attending Lakeside High School in DeKalb County and currently lives in Alpharetta, Georgia. He received his Pharmacy degree in 1982 from the University of Georgia.
Aft er receiving his degree, Chuck started his pharmacy career work-ing with Th rift /Treasury Drug, a re-tail pharmacy chain owned by J.C. Penney. Over the next 14 years, he managed several drugstores in the Atlanta area. He has over 20 years of independent pharmacy and cur-rently the pharmacist/pharmacy owner of Th e Medicine Shoppe of Dunwoody. His pharmacy special-izes in compounding, immuniza-tions and consultation in addition to traditional retail pharmacy busi-ness.
Chuck is also an adjunct profes-sor/preceptor for Mercer Univer-sity, UGA and LECOM Pharmacy Schools and currently a member of AIP, GPhA, ASCP, PFOA, NCPA and IACP. He serves on the Govern-mental Aff airs Committee of GPhA and is actively involved in year round GPhA events. n
M E M B E R N E W S A CERTIFICATE TRAINING PROGRAM
The Pharmacist and Patient-Centered Diabetes Care Certificate Training Program is a newly revised, practice-based activity designed to equip pharmacists with the knowledge, skills, and confidence needed to provide effective, evidence-based diabetes care. Five self-study modules provide comprehensive instruction in current diabetes concepts and standards of care. The live seminar incorporates case studies and hands-on skills training focused on the situations most likely to be encountered—as well as the services most needed—in community and ambulatory care practice settings. Participants will gain experience evaluating and adjusting drug therapy regimens for patients with type 1 and type 2diabetes, counseling patients about lifestyle interventions, analyzing and interpreting self-monitoring of blood glucose results, and assessing the overall health status of patients to identify needed monitoring and interventions.
PROGRAM GOALS• Provide comprehensive instruction in current standards
of care for patients with diabetes.• Increase pharmacists’ confidence in serving as the drug
therapy expert on the diabetes health care team.• Refresh pharmacists’ knowledge of the pathophysiology
of diabetes and the acute and long‐term complications of the disease.
• Familiarize pharmacists with important concepts in nutrition, exercise, and weight control that contribute to optimal diabetes care.
• Offer hands-on training in diabetes-related devices and physical assessment skills relevant to optimal diabetes care. Describe ways in which pharmacists can keep abreast of new developments and take advantage of professional opportunities in diabetes care.
• Introduce pharmacists to the many varied ways in which they can help to improve health outcomes among patients with diabetes.
SEMINAR LEARNING OBJECTIVES• Evaluate the overall health status of patients with
diabetes in terms of recommended monitoring and interventions, and formulate strategies for closing gaps in care.
• Propose modifications to a patient’s drug therapy regimen rooted in evidence-based algorithms for diabetes management.
• Recommend dietary interventions to support optimal glycemic control and weight loss (when indicated) in patients with diabetes.
• Analyze and interpret a patient’s self-monitoring of blood glucose results and use the results to identify needed changes in the diabetes management plan.
• Demonstrate proper technique for measuring blood pressure, administering injections, obtaining fingerstick samples for blood glucose monitoring, operating blood glucose meters, and performing monofilament foot testing.
• Integrate the varied aspects of comprehensive diabetes care into efficient, sensitive, respectful pharmacist–patient interactions that support optimal patient self-management.
WWW.PHARMACIST.COM/DIABETES-2014
SEATING IS LIMITED! REGISTER TODAY!
Thursday, May 8th
Atlanta, GAAtlanta Marriott Century Center/Emory Area
2000 Century Boulevard NEAtlanta, GA 30345
In Partnership with the Georgia Pharmacy Association
SEMINAR AGENDA
Comprehensive Diabetes Care<BREAK>
Treating Type 2 DiabetesInsulin Therapy
<LUNCH>Nutrition and Lifestyle Counseling
<BREAK>Hands-On Skills Practice
Next Steps<ADJOURN>
The American Pharmacists Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education as a provider of continuing pharmacy education.
TOTAL CPE CREDIT: 23 HOURS (2.3 CEUs)For a complete list of learning objectives, faculty and
other CPE information, please visit www.pharmacist.com/ctp
New program offering for 2014! Special promotional rate of only $99!
ONLY$99
This program was developed by the American Pharmacists Association and is cosponsored by the American Association of Diabetes Educators. This offering is in partnership with the Georgia Pharmacy Association and supported by an independent educational grant from Novo Nordisk.
GPhA 2014 Election Nominees
Lance Boles, RPh, MBAGPhA 1st Vice Presidential Candidate
Lance received his Bachelor of Science degree in 1999 from Th e University of Georgia College of Pharmacy. He spent the next three years working as a member of the GPhA staff before returning to earn his MBA from UGA’s Terry College of Business.
Lance has been an independent pharmacy owner for ten years and currently owns two independent pharmacies - Hartwell Drugs in Hartwell, GA and Iva Drug Store lo-cated in Iva, SC. He currently serves as GPhA’s Second Vice President and as Chairman of the GPhA Tran-sition Committee. He is a former President of GPhA’s Tenth Region and the 2013 recipient of the Mal T. Anderson Outstanding Region President Award. He is an alumnus of GPhA’s New Practitioner Leader-ship Conference and is a member of AIP, NCPA, and a PharmPAC con-tributor. n
Nominations will remain open by petition through Noon on April 25, 2014.
Electronic Voting will begin Monday, June 16, 2014. A Paper Ballot may be requested at any time by calling Tei Muhammad at 404-419-8115.
The Election will close at 2:00 p.m. Saturday June 28, 2014.
7Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal
Liza Chapman GPhA 2nd Vice Presidential Candidate
Liza received her doctor of pharmacy degree from Mercer University College of Pharmacy in 2002 and then went on to complete a community pharmacy residency with Mercer and Kroger Pharmacy. Aft er her residency, Liza accepted a clinical pharmacist position with the Kroger Co. where she has been employed since 2003. During her Kroger career, Liza has served as a pharmacy manager, Immunization Coordinator, and her current roll as Clinical Coordinator for the past 7 years. She also serves as residency site coordinator and preceptor for the PGY1 Community Residency Programs with Mercer University and UGA Colleges of Pharmacy.
Liza has served in various leader-ship roles for GPhA including: AEP Chair and Board of Director, Region 10 President, State at Large Member of the GPhA Board of Directors, and Annual Convention Planning Com-mittee Chair. Liza and her husband Ronny are involved in their com-munity and attend Gainesville First United Methodist. n
Charles (Chuck) Wilson GPhA 2nd Vice Presidential Candidate
Chuck grew up in the Atlanta area attending Lakeside High School in DeKalb County and currently lives in Alpharetta, Georgia. He received his Pharmacy degree in 1982 from the University of Georgia.
After receiving his degree, Chuck started his pharmacy career work-ing with Thrift/Treasury Drug, a re-tail pharmacy chain owned by J.C. Penney. Over the next 14 years, he managed several drugstores in the Atlanta area. He has over 20 years of independent pharmacy and current-ly the pharmacist/pharmacy owner of The Medicine Shoppe of Dun-woody. His pharmacy specializes in compounding, immunizations and consultation in addition to tradition-al retail pharmacy business.
Chuck is also an adjunct profes-sor/preceptor for Mercer Univer-sity, UGA and LECOM Pharmacy Schools and currently a member of AIP, GPhA, ASCP, PFOA, NCPA and IACP. He serves on the Governmen-tal Affairs Committee of GPhA and is actively involved in year round GPhA events. n
M E M B E R N E W S
GPhA 2014 Election Nominees
Lance Boles, RPh, MBAGPhA 1st Vice Presidential Candidate
Lance received his Bachelor of Science degree in 1999 from The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy. He spent the next three years working as a member of the GPhA staff before returning to earn his MBA from UGA’s Terry College of Business.
Lance has been an independent pharmacy owner for ten years and currently owns two independent pharmacies - Hartwell Drugs in Hartwell, GA and Iva Drug Store lo-cated in Iva, SC. He currently serves as GPhA’s Second Vice President and as Chairman of the GPhA Tran-sition Committee. He is a former President of GPhA’s Tenth Region and the 2013 recipient of the Mal T. Anderson Outstanding Region President Award. He is an alumnus of GPhA’s New Practitioner Leader-ship Conference and is a member of AIP, NCPA, and a PharmPAC con-tributor. n
Nominations will remain open by petition through Noon on April 25, 2014.
Electronic Voting will begin Monday, May 12, 2014. A Paper Ballot may be requested at any time by calling Tei Muhammad at 404-419-8115
and must be returned by Monday, June 16, 2014.
The Election will close at 2:00 p.m. Saturday June 28, 2014.
7The Georgia Pharmacy Journal
Liza Chapman GPhA 2nd Vice Presidential Candidate
Liza received her doctor of pharmacy degree from Mercer University College of Pharmacy in 2002 and then went on to complete a community pharmacy residency with Mercer and Kroger Pharmacy. After her residency, Liza accepted a clinical pharmacist position with the Kroger Co. where she has been employed since 2003. During her Kroger career, Liza has served as a pharmacy manager, Immunization Coordinator, and her current roll as Clinical Coordinator for the past 7 years. She also serves as residency site coordinator and preceptor for the PGY1 Community Residency Programs with Mercer University and UGA Colleges of Pharmacy.
Liza has served in various leader-ship roles for GPhA including: AEP Chair and Board of Director, Region 10 President, State at Large Member of the GPhA Board of Directors, and Annual Convention Planning Com-mittee Chair. Liza and her husband Ronny are involved in their com-munity and attend Gainesville First United Methodist. n
Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal8 Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal
M E M B E R N E W SM E M B E R N E W S
Andy Freeman Director of
Government Affi ars
Legislative Recap “Politics” was played on a lot of important issues instead of doing what was best for the state.This session we learned how tru-
ly powerful the PBMs can be. Th e fi rst part of this year they weren’t happy with some regulations that the Board of Phar-macy were having a hearing on. Th ey took their complaints to a handful of legislators and some bureaucrats.
Late in the session the PBMs had lan-guage added to a bill in the Senate Health Committee that would have exempted mail order from all rules and regulations
The Georgia Pharmacy Association strives to be the leading voice for phar-macy in the state of Georgia. We ag-gressively advocate for the profession by shaping public policy and scope of prac-tice to enhance the value of pharmacy. We take pride in our prestigious history and value our membership for its diver-sity in all practice settings as well as its dedication to health care.
GPhA provides its members with the resources and support needed to advance our profession. As healthcare changes, so do job responsibilities and career tracks may be refocused. GPhA is your career development partner as you address your future in pharmacy. Professional networking, skills training and continuing pharmacy education are key benefi ts of your GPhA membership. Whether you are a recent Pharmacy school grad or an established pharma-
Richard Nixon once said, “A man is not � nished when he’s defeated. He’s � nished when he quits.”
Yes we had a bad session but we are not throwing up our hands and quitting. Will you give to PharmPAC today to make sure that we have
the resources to help those that � ght PBMs for fairness and to help fund challengers to those that constantly side against us?
Will you get a pharmacist to join GPhA so that we can be bigger and stronger next year? www.gpha.org
of the Board of Pharmacy. With the help of pharmacists from across the state that contacted their legislators, GPhA was able to remove that language by a vote of 38-14 from the State Senate.
With a few days left in the session, the PBMs struck again. Th e same Sen-ator that added their language exempt-ing them from the Boards’ rules added similar language to the Budget. Th is lan-guage says that no state dollars shall be used to require any mail order pharmacy to obtain a nonresident pharmacy per-mit. Even though language that is added to the budget is not legally binding, it is still troubling that the PBMs were able to
persuade a conference committee mem-ber to have this language added to the Budget.
Th e last day of the Legislative Ses-sion we were working hard on adding language to various bills to address the issues of MAC pricing and expand-ing immunizations under protocol. Th roughout the day, legislators were ap-proaching the GPhA lobbying team and letting them know that they were receiv-ing lots of emails and phone calls from pharmacists in their districts. Legislators were pledging their support to help us out when the bills came up in the House or Senate that were going to have our amendments added. We felt good about our chances to address both of these is-sues.
Around 7:30 pm on the last night, a bill came up that was perfect to address MAC pricing. We had fi rm commit-ments from 5 of the 6 conference com-mittee members that they were support-ing our amendment. Before negotiations got started we learned that the Gover-nor’s offi ce was believing the lies of the PBMs that the Board of Pharmacy was a rogue board that was attempting to make rules over groups they had no legal au-thority to regulate. It became clear that any legislation that contained language addressing the MAC pricing problems that pharmacists constantly face would not become law.
Next session we are not going to let the PBMs win. We are going to take the battle to them and we are going to be vic-torious.
How many of you have had a State Representative or State Senator in your
pharmacy? Th is summer we need you to invite your legislators to your pharmacy. We need you to talk to them about MAC pricing and make sure they understand how many times a day you are losing money when you are fi lling a prescrip-tion when the MAC pricing information used by the PBMs hasn’t been updated in months.
If a majority of the legislators come to an AIP pharmacy between now and next session it won’t matter how much money the PBMs give to elected offi cials or what lies they tell, we will be victorious next session. Get to know your legislators and let them know our issues and we can’t be stopped! n
cist with years behind you, there is a place for your voice at GPhA.
Th e Georgia Pharmacy Association maintains a strong presence on the po-litical scene, not only during the legis-lative session but also throughout the year. GPhA stays abreast of current issues that could impact the profession of pharmacy. Th e associa-tion also works to build relationships with poli-cy makers on a state and national level, through our grassroots program and also through the Government Advocacy staff and the Govern-ment Aff airs committee.
Over the years, GPhA has been a driving force behind important legislation to benefi t not just the pharmacy profession, but also our patients. We have been at the forefront of cutting edge changes in the healthcare delivery system. GPhA has also been eff ective in freezing legisla-tion that could be harmful to the pro-
fession and the citizens of Georgia. We keep members informed of important issues and frequently send out "calls to action" during the legislative session. Th e success of our Government Advo-
cacy program depends on the participation and involvement of you, the member. We urge you to seek out your repre-sentatives and introduce yourself — talk about the profession and the important issues facing pharmacy, which in turn aff ect Georgia patients. It's all about building re-lationships and the most important relationships begin with you.
GPhA's Government Aff airs staff is available
to members to answer questions regard-ing pending or passed legislation and its eff ect on the profession. Th e Govern-ment Aff airs team is at the Capitol every-day during the session representing and advocating on behalf of Georgia phar-macists. n
� e Georgia Pharmacy
Association o� ers you a voice
for the support of pharmacy in the state.
Join Us Today!About Th e Georgia Pharmacy Association
Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal8 Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal
M E M B E R N E W SM E M B E R N E W S
Andy Freeman Director of
Government Affi ars
Legislative Recap “Politics” was played on a lot of important issues instead of doing what was best for the state.This session we learned how tru-
ly powerful the PBMs can be. Th e fi rst part of this year they weren’t happy with some regulations that the Board of Phar-macy were having a hearing on. Th ey took their complaints to a handful of legislators and some bureaucrats.
Late in the session the PBMs had lan-guage added to a bill in the Senate Health Committee that would have exempted mail order from all rules and regulations
The Georgia Pharmacy Association strives to be the leading voice for phar-macy in the state of Georgia. We ag-gressively advocate for the profession by shaping public policy and scope of prac-tice to enhance the value of pharmacy. We take pride in our prestigious history and value our membership for its diver-sity in all practice settings as well as its dedication to health care.
GPhA provides its members with the resources and support needed to advance our profession. As healthcare changes, so do job responsibilities and career tracks may be refocused. GPhA is your career development partner as you address your future in pharmacy. Professional networking, skills training and continuing pharmacy education are key benefi ts of your GPhA membership. Whether you are a recent Pharmacy school grad or an established pharma-
Richard Nixon once said, “A man is not � nished when he’s defeated. He’s � nished when he quits.”
Yes we had a bad session but we are not throwing up our hands and quitting. Will you give to PharmPAC today to make sure that we have
the resources to help those that � ght PBMs for fairness and to help fund challengers to those that constantly side against us?
Will you get a pharmacist to join GPhA so that we can be bigger and stronger next year? www.gpha.org
of the Board of Pharmacy. With the help of pharmacists from across the state that contacted their legislators, GPhA was able to remove that language by a vote of 38-14 from the State Senate.
With a few days left in the session, the PBMs struck again. Th e same Sen-ator that added their language exempt-ing them from the Boards’ rules added similar language to the Budget. Th is lan-guage says that no state dollars shall be used to require any mail order pharmacy to obtain a nonresident pharmacy per-mit. Even though language that is added to the budget is not legally binding, it is still troubling that the PBMs were able to
persuade a conference committee mem-ber to have this language added to the Budget.
Th e last day of the Legislative Ses-sion we were working hard on adding language to various bills to address the issues of MAC pricing and expand-ing immunizations under protocol. Th roughout the day, legislators were ap-proaching the GPhA lobbying team and letting them know that they were receiv-ing lots of emails and phone calls from pharmacists in their districts. Legislators were pledging their support to help us out when the bills came up in the House or Senate that were going to have our amendments added. We felt good about our chances to address both of these is-sues.
Around 7:30 pm on the last night, a bill came up that was perfect to address MAC pricing. We had fi rm commit-ments from 5 of the 6 conference com-mittee members that they were support-ing our amendment. Before negotiations got started we learned that the Gover-nor’s offi ce was believing the lies of the PBMs that the Board of Pharmacy was a rogue board that was attempting to make rules over groups they had no legal au-thority to regulate. It became clear that any legislation that contained language addressing the MAC pricing problems that pharmacists constantly face would not become law.
Next session we are not going to let the PBMs win. We are going to take the battle to them and we are going to be vic-torious.
How many of you have had a State Representative or State Senator in your
pharmacy? Th is summer we need you to invite your legislators to your pharmacy. We need you to talk to them about MAC pricing and make sure they understand how many times a day you are losing money when you are fi lling a prescrip-tion when the MAC pricing information used by the PBMs hasn’t been updated in months.
If a majority of the legislators come to an AIP pharmacy between now and next session it won’t matter how much money the PBMs give to elected offi cials or what lies they tell, we will be victorious next session. Get to know your legislators and let them know our issues and we can’t be stopped! n
cist with years behind you, there is a place for your voice at GPhA.
Th e Georgia Pharmacy Association maintains a strong presence on the po-litical scene, not only during the legis-lative session but also throughout the year. GPhA stays abreast of current issues that could impact the profession of pharmacy. Th e associa-tion also works to build relationships with poli-cy makers on a state and national level, through our grassroots program and also through the Government Advocacy staff and the Govern-ment Aff airs committee.
Over the years, GPhA has been a driving force behind important legislation to benefi t not just the pharmacy profession, but also our patients. We have been at the forefront of cutting edge changes in the healthcare delivery system. GPhA has also been eff ective in freezing legisla-tion that could be harmful to the pro-
fession and the citizens of Georgia. We keep members informed of important issues and frequently send out "calls to action" during the legislative session. Th e success of our Government Advo-
cacy program depends on the participation and involvement of you, the member. We urge you to seek out your repre-sentatives and introduce yourself — talk about the profession and the important issues facing pharmacy, which in turn aff ect Georgia patients. It's all about building re-lationships and the most important relationships begin with you.
GPhA's Government Aff airs staff is available
to members to answer questions regard-ing pending or passed legislation and its eff ect on the profession. Th e Govern-ment Aff airs team is at the Capitol every-day during the session representing and advocating on behalf of Georgia phar-macists. n
� e Georgia Pharmacy
Association o� ers you a voice
for the support of pharmacy in the state.
Join Us Today!About Th e Georgia Pharmacy Association
Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal10
S P R I N G M E E T I N G SS P R I N G M E E T I N G S
WALKER
DADE CATOO-
SA
WHITF
IELD
MURR
AY
CHAT-TOOGA
GORDON
BARTOWFLOYD
POLKCOBB
HARAL-SON
PAUL
DING
FANNINTOWNS
RABUNUNION
GILMER
PICKENS
CHEROKEE
DAWSON
LUMPKINWHITE
HABE
RSHA
M
STE-PHENS
HALL BANKS HARTFRANKLIN
ELBERTMADISONJACKSON
OGLE-THORPE
CLARKEOCONEE
BARROW
WALTON
MORGAN GREENE
FORSYTH
ROCK
DALEDEKALB
NEWTON
WILKES
TALIAFER
RO
LINCOLN
McDUFFIE
WARREN
HANCOCK
COLUM-BIA
RICH-MOND
GLASCOCKJASPER
JEFFER-SON
BURKE
BUTTSPUTNAM
MONROE JONES
BALDWIN
BIBBCRAW-FORD
PEACH
HOUSTON
TWIGGS
WILKINSON
WASHINGTON
JOHNSON
LAURENSBLECKLEY
PULASKI DODGE
WILCOXTELFAIR
WHEELERMONTGOMERY
TREUTLEN
JENKINSSCREVEN
EMANUEL
CANDLER BULLOCH EFFING-HAM
TOOMBS
EVANS
TATTNALL
BRYANCHATHAM
LIBERTYJEFF DAVIS APPLING LONG
COFFEE BACON WAYNE McINTOSH
ATKINSON
WARE
PIERCE
BRANTLEYGLYNN
CLINCH
ECHOLS
CHARLTON CAMDEN
QUIT-MAN
RANDOLPHTERRELL LEE
CRISP
TURNER BEN HILL
CLAY CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WORTHTIFT
IRWIN
EARLY BAKER
MILLER MITCHELL COLQUITTCOOK
BERRIEN
SEMINOLE DECATUR GRADY THOMAS BROOKS
LOWND
ES
HARRIS TALBOT
UPSON
MUSCO-GEE
CHATTA-HOOCHEE
TAYLOR
MARION SCHLEY
MACON
STEWART
WEBSTER SUMTER
DOOLY
CARROLLDOUGLAS
HEARDCOWETA
CLAY-TON
HENRY
FAYETTE
SPALDING
TROUP
MERIWETHER
PIKE LAMA
R
LANIE
R
GWINNETT
FULTO
N
JENKINSSCREVEN
EMANUEL
CANDLER BULLOCH EFFING-HAM
TOOMBS
EVANS
TATTNALL
BRYANCHATHAM
LIBERTY
JENKINSSCREVEN
EMANUEL
CANDLER BULLOCH EFFING-HAM
TOOMBS
EVANS
TATTNALL
BRYANCHATHAM
LIBERTY
MAN
RANDOLPHTERRELL LEE
CRISP
TURNER BEN HILL
CLAY CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WORTHTIFT
IRWIN
EARLY BAKER
MILLER MITCHELL COLQUITTCOOK
BERRIEN
SEMINOLE DECATUR GRADY THOMAS BROOKS
LOWND
ESLA
NIER
QUIT-QUIT-MAN
RANDOLPHTERRELL LEE
CRISP
TURNER BEN HILL
CLAY CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WORTHTIFT
IRWIN
EARLY BAKER
MILLER MITCHELL COLQUITTCOOK
BERRIEN
SEMINOLE DECATUR GRADY THOMAS BROOKS
LOWND
ESLA
NIER
HARRIS TALBOT
UPSON
MUSCO-GEE
CHATTA-HOOCHEE
TAYLOR
MARION SCHLEY
MACON
STEWART
WEBSTER SUMTER
DOOLY
HARRIS TALBOT
UPSON
MUSCO-GEE
CHATTA-HOOCHEE
TAYLOR
MARION SCHLEY
MACON
STEWART SUMTER
DOOLYWEBSTER
CARROLLDOUGLAS
FULTO
N
HEARDCOWETA
CLAY-TON
HENRY
FAYETTE
SPALDING
TROUP
MERIWETHER
PIKE LAMA
R
CARROLLCARROLLCARROLLCARROLLCARROLLDOUGLAS
DOUGLAS
DOUGLAS
FULTO
NFUL
TON
FULTO
N
HEARDHEARDHEARDCOWETACOWETACOWETA
CLAY-CLAY-CLAY-TONTONTON
HENRYHENRYHENRY
FAYETTEFAYETTEFAYETTE
SPALDINGSPALDINGSPALDING
TROUPTROUPTROUP
MERIWETHER
MERIWETHER
MERIWETHER
PIKEPIKEPIKE LAMA
RLA
MAR
LAMA
R
FULTO
NFUL
TON
FULTO
N
CARROLLDOUGLAS
FULTON
HEARDCOWETA
CLAY-TON
HENRY
FAYETTE
SPALDING
TROUP
MERIWETHER
PIKE LAMA
R
FORSYTH
DEKALB
NEWTON
GWINNETT
FULTO
NFUL
TON
FULTO
N
ROCK
DALE
FULTO
NFUL
TON
FULTO
N
FORSYTH
GWINNETT
ROCK
DALEDEKALB
NEWTON
FULTO
N
JASPERBUTTS
PUTNAM
MONROE JONES
BALDWIN
BIBBCRAW-FORD
PEACH
HOUSTON
TWIGGS
WILKINSON
JASPERBUTTS
PUTNAM
MONROE JONES
BALDWIN
BIBBCRAW-FORD
PEACH
HOUSTON
TWIGGS
WILKINSON
WALKER
DADE CATOO-
SA
WHITF
IELD
MURR
AY
CHAT-TOOGA
GORDON
BARTOWFLOYD
POLKCOBB
HARAL-SON
PAUL
DING
WALKER
DADE CATOO-
SA
WHITF
IELD
MURR
AY
CHAT-TOOGA
GORDON
BARTOWFLOYD
POLKCOBB
HARAL-SON
PAUL
DING
JEFF DAVIS APPLING LONG
COFFEE BACON WAYNE McINTOSH
ATKINSON
WARE
PIERCE
BRANTLEYGLYNN
CLINCH
ECHOLS
CHARLTON CAMDEN
JEFF DAVIS APPLING LONG
COFFEE BACON WAYNE McINTOSH
ATKINSON
WARE
PIERCE
BRANTLEYGLYNN
CLINCH
ECHOLS
CHARLTON CAMDEN
FANNINTOWNS
RABUNUNION
GILMER
PICKENS
CHEROKEE
DAWSON
LUMPKINWHITE
HABE
RSHA
M
FANNINTOWNS
RABUNUNION
GILMER
PICKENS
CHEROKEE
DAWSON
LUMPKINWHITE
HABE
RSHA
M
STE-PHENS
HALL BANKS HARTFRANKLIN
ELBERTMADISONJACKSON
OGLE-THORPE
CLARKEOCONEE
BARROW
WALTON
MORGAN GREENE
STE-PHENS
HALL BANKS HARTFRANKLIN
ELBERTMADISONJACKSON
OGLE-THORPE
CLARKEOCONEE
BARROW
WALTON
MORGAN GREENE
WILKES
TALIAFER
RO
LINCOLN
McDUFFIE
WARREN
HANCOCK
COLUM-BIA
RICH-MOND
GLASCOCK
JEFFER-SON
BURKE
WASHINGTON
WILKES
TALIAFER
RO
LINCOLN
McDUFFIE
WARREN
HANCOCK
COLUM-BIA
RICH-MOND
JEFFER-SON
BURKE
WASHINGTON
GLASCOCK
JOHNSON
LAURENSBLECKLEY
PULASKI DODGE
WILCOXTELFAIR
WHEELERMONTGOMERY
TREUTLEN
JOHNSON
LAURENSBLECKLEY
PULASKI DODGE
WILCOXTELFAIR
WHEELERMONTGOMERY
TREUTLEN
The sun is shinning and the temps are warming. Th e fl owers are blooming and the birds are chirping. Th e lawn needs mowing and of course the leadership of the Georgia Pharmacy Association are making their rounds throughout the state. It’s time for the GPhA Spring Region Meetings and you are invited!
A lot has happened this year regarding the pharmacy profession and this is an opportunity for you to catch up, network, and earn continuing education hours.
Check out your region dates here and for more information on locations and to register go to www.gpha.org or email your Region President. Grab a friend or an associate and we will see you there. n
Ahhh...
We all know what that means.
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Tuesday, April 15thStatesboro, GAPresident: Krista [email protected]
Tuesday, April 15thAlbany, GAPresident: Ed [email protected]
Tuesday, April 15thWaycross, GAPresident: Michael [email protected]
Tuesday, April 22ndColumbus, GAPresident: Renee [email protected]
Tuesday, April 22ndMacon, GAPresident: Sherri [email protected]
Tuesday, April 22ndDublin, GAPresident: Ken Eiland [email protected]
Tuesday, April 29th Blue Ridge, GAPresident: Amanda [email protected]
Tuesday, April 29th Athens, GAPresident: Flynn Warren [email protected]
Tuesday, April 29th Augusta, GAPresident: Kalen Manasco [email protected]
Th ursday, May 1st Griffi n, GAPresident: Nicholas Bland [email protected]
Th ursday, May 1st Norcross, GAPresident: Shelby Biagi [email protected]
Th ursday, May 1st Acworth, GAPresident: Tyler Mayotte [email protected]
11Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal
Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal10
S P R I N G M E E T I N G SS P R I N G M E E T I N G S
WALKER
DADE CATOO-
SA
WHITF
IELD
MURR
AY
CHAT-TOOGA
GORDON
BARTOWFLOYD
POLKCOBB
HARAL-SON
PAUL
DING
FANNINTOWNS
RABUNUNION
GILMER
PICKENS
CHEROKEE
DAWSON
LUMPKINWHITE
HABE
RSHA
M
STE-PHENS
HALL BANKS HARTFRANKLIN
ELBERTMADISONJACKSON
OGLE-THORPE
CLARKEOCONEE
BARROW
WALTON
MORGAN GREENE
FORSYTH
ROCK
DALEDEKALB
NEWTON
WILKES
TALIAFER
RO
LINCOLN
McDUFFIE
WARREN
HANCOCK
COLUM-BIA
RICH-MOND
GLASCOCKJASPER
JEFFER-SON
BURKE
BUTTSPUTNAM
MONROE JONES
BALDWIN
BIBBCRAW-FORD
PEACH
HOUSTON
TWIGGS
WILKINSON
WASHINGTON
JOHNSON
LAURENSBLECKLEY
PULASKI DODGE
WILCOXTELFAIR
WHEELERMONTGOMERY
TREUTLEN
JENKINSSCREVEN
EMANUEL
CANDLER BULLOCH EFFING-HAM
TOOMBS
EVANS
TATTNALL
BRYANCHATHAM
LIBERTYJEFF DAVIS APPLING LONG
COFFEE BACON WAYNE McINTOSH
ATKINSON
WARE
PIERCE
BRANTLEYGLYNN
CLINCH
ECHOLS
CHARLTON CAMDEN
QUIT-MAN
RANDOLPHTERRELL LEE
CRISP
TURNER BEN HILL
CLAY CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WORTHTIFT
IRWIN
EARLY BAKER
MILLER MITCHELL COLQUITTCOOK
BERRIEN
SEMINOLE DECATUR GRADY THOMAS BROOKS
LOWND
ES
HARRIS TALBOT
UPSON
MUSCO-GEE
CHATTA-HOOCHEE
TAYLOR
MARION SCHLEY
MACON
STEWART
WEBSTER SUMTER
DOOLY
CARROLLDOUGLAS
HEARDCOWETA
CLAY-TON
HENRY
FAYETTE
SPALDING
TROUP
MERIWETHER
PIKE LAMA
R
LANIE
R
GWINNETT
FULTO
N
JENKINSSCREVEN
EMANUEL
CANDLER BULLOCH EFFING-HAM
TOOMBS
EVANS
TATTNALL
BRYANCHATHAM
LIBERTY
JENKINSSCREVEN
EMANUEL
CANDLER BULLOCH EFFING-HAM
TOOMBS
EVANS
TATTNALL
BRYANCHATHAM
LIBERTY
MAN
RANDOLPHTERRELL LEE
CRISP
TURNER BEN HILL
CLAY CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WORTHTIFT
IRWIN
EARLY BAKER
MILLER MITCHELL COLQUITTCOOK
BERRIEN
SEMINOLE DECATUR GRADY THOMAS BROOKS
LOWND
ESLA
NIER
QUIT-QUIT-MAN
RANDOLPHTERRELL LEE
CRISP
TURNER BEN HILL
CLAY CALHOUN DOUGHERTY WORTHTIFT
IRWIN
EARLY BAKER
MILLER MITCHELL COLQUITTCOOK
BERRIEN
SEMINOLE DECATUR GRADY THOMAS BROOKS
LOWND
ESLA
NIER
HARRIS TALBOT
UPSON
MUSCO-GEE
CHATTA-HOOCHEE
TAYLOR
MARION SCHLEY
MACON
STEWART
WEBSTER SUMTER
DOOLY
HARRIS TALBOT
UPSON
MUSCO-GEE
CHATTA-HOOCHEE
TAYLOR
MARION SCHLEY
MACON
STEWART SUMTER
DOOLYWEBSTER
CARROLLDOUGLAS
FULTO
N
HEARDCOWETA
CLAY-TON
HENRY
FAYETTE
SPALDING
TROUP
MERIWETHER
PIKE LAMA
R
CARROLLCARROLLCARROLLCARROLLCARROLLDOUGLAS
DOUGLAS
DOUGLAS
FULTO
NFUL
TON
FULTO
N
HEARDHEARDHEARDCOWETACOWETACOWETA
CLAY-CLAY-CLAY-TONTONTON
HENRYHENRYHENRY
FAYETTEFAYETTEFAYETTE
SPALDINGSPALDINGSPALDING
TROUPTROUPTROUP
MERIWETHER
MERIWETHER
MERIWETHER
PIKEPIKEPIKE LAMA
RLA
MAR
LAMA
R
FULTO
NFUL
TON
FULTO
N
CARROLLDOUGLAS
FULTON
HEARDCOWETA
CLAY-TON
HENRY
FAYETTE
SPALDING
TROUP
MERIWETHER
PIKE LAMA
R
FORSYTH
DEKALB
NEWTON
GWINNETT
FULTO
NFUL
TON
FULTO
N
ROCK
DALE
FULTO
NFUL
TON
FULTO
N
FORSYTH
GWINNETT
ROCK
DALEDEKALB
NEWTON
FULTO
N
JASPERBUTTS
PUTNAM
MONROE JONES
BALDWIN
BIBBCRAW-FORD
PEACH
HOUSTON
TWIGGS
WILKINSON
JASPERBUTTS
PUTNAM
MONROE JONES
BALDWIN
BIBBCRAW-FORD
PEACH
HOUSTON
TWIGGS
WILKINSON
WALKER
DADE CATOO-
SA
WHITF
IELD
MURR
AY
CHAT-TOOGA
GORDON
BARTOWFLOYD
POLKCOBB
HARAL-SON
PAUL
DING
WALKER
DADE CATOO-
SA
WHITF
IELD
MURR
AY
CHAT-TOOGA
GORDON
BARTOWFLOYD
POLKCOBB
HARAL-SON
PAUL
DING
JEFF DAVIS APPLING LONG
COFFEE BACON WAYNE McINTOSH
ATKINSON
WARE
PIERCE
BRANTLEYGLYNN
CLINCH
ECHOLS
CHARLTON CAMDEN
JEFF DAVIS APPLING LONG
COFFEE BACON WAYNE McINTOSH
ATKINSON
WARE
PIERCE
BRANTLEYGLYNN
CLINCH
ECHOLS
CHARLTON CAMDEN
FANNINTOWNS
RABUNUNION
GILMER
PICKENS
CHEROKEE
DAWSON
LUMPKINWHITE
HABE
RSHA
M
FANNINTOWNS
RABUNUNION
GILMER
PICKENS
CHEROKEE
DAWSON
LUMPKINWHITE
HABE
RSHA
M
STE-PHENS
HALL BANKS HARTFRANKLIN
ELBERTMADISONJACKSON
OGLE-THORPE
CLARKEOCONEE
BARROW
WALTON
MORGAN GREENE
STE-PHENS
HALL BANKS HARTFRANKLIN
ELBERTMADISONJACKSON
OGLE-THORPE
CLARKEOCONEE
BARROW
WALTON
MORGAN GREENE
WILKES
TALIAFER
RO
LINCOLN
McDUFFIE
WARREN
HANCOCK
COLUM-BIA
RICH-MOND
GLASCOCK
JEFFER-SON
BURKE
WASHINGTON
WILKES
TALIAFER
RO
LINCOLN
McDUFFIE
WARREN
HANCOCK
COLUM-BIA
RICH-MOND
JEFFER-SON
BURKE
WASHINGTON
GLASCOCK
JOHNSON
LAURENSBLECKLEY
PULASKI DODGE
WILCOXTELFAIR
WHEELERMONTGOMERY
TREUTLEN
JOHNSON
LAURENSBLECKLEY
PULASKI DODGE
WILCOXTELFAIR
WHEELERMONTGOMERY
TREUTLEN
The sun is shinning and the temps are warming. Th e fl owers are blooming and the birds are chirping. Th e lawn needs mowing and of course the leadership of the Georgia Pharmacy Association are making their rounds throughout the state. It’s time for the GPhA Spring Region Meetings and you are invited!
A lot has happened this year regarding the pharmacy profession and this is an opportunity for you to catch up, network, and earn continuing education hours.
Check out your region dates here and for more information on locations and to register go to www.gpha.org or email your Region President. Grab a friend or an associate and we will see you there. n
Ahhh...
We all know what that means.
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1Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Region
Tuesday, April 15thStatesboro, GAPresident: Krista [email protected]
Tuesday, April 15thAlbany, GAPresident: Ed [email protected]
Tuesday, April 15thWaycross, GAPresident: Michael [email protected]
Tuesday, April 22ndColumbus, GAPresident: Renee [email protected]
Tuesday, April 22ndMacon, GAPresident: Sherri [email protected]
Tuesday, April 22ndDublin, GAPresident: Ken Eiland [email protected]
Tuesday, April 29th Blue Ridge, GAPresident: Amanda [email protected]
Tuesday, April 29th Athens, GAPresident: Flynn Warren [email protected]
Tuesday, April 29th Augusta, GAPresident: Kalen Manasco [email protected]
Th ursday, May 1st Griffi n, GAPresident: Nicholas Bland [email protected]
Th ursday, May 1st Norcross, GAPresident: Shelby Biagi [email protected]
Th ursday, May 1st Acworth, GAPresident: Tyler Mayotte [email protected]
11Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal
M E M B E R N E W S
Wednesday, June 25, 20145:30 pm - 7:00 pm Board of Directors Meeting
9:00 pm - 10:00 pm Council of President’s Meeting with Coff ee & Dessert Reception
Th ursday, June 26, 20147:00 am - 5:00 pmGPhA Attendee & Exhibitor Registration
7:00 am- 9:00 am Morning Coff ee & Pastries
8:00 am - 10:00 amDrug Abuse & Diversion: How You Can Play a Role in Prevention
8:00 am - 10:00 amAnticoagulation: Not Just Warfarin
10:15 am - 11:15 am Th e Busy Practitioners Guide to Eff ective Communication in Pharmacy Practice
10:15 am - 11:15 am Aromatherapy - An Introduction to Essential Oil and their Th erapeutic Uses
2014 GPhA Convention Registration Now Open!
Preliminary Schedule
Ju ne 26-29, 2014 Wyndham
Bay Point Resort Panama City Beach, FL
Platinum Sponsor Gold Sponsor
To register go to www.gpha.org
and click on the Convention Banner
or scan the code.
Charles D. Sands IIIAlabama
Martie LamontAlaska
Kathryn LabbeArizona
Karrol FowlkesArkansas*
Vicki Fowlkes Arkansas*
*husband and wife co-recipients
Helen K ParkCalifornia
Ronald KennedyColorado
Gregory L HancockConnecticut
David W. DrydenDelaware
Judith Martin RiffeeFlorida
William Lee PratherGeorgia
Selma YamamotoHawaii
Mark JohnstonIdaho
Garry MorelandIllinois
Patrick CashenIndiana
Bernard CremersIowa
Leland HansonKansas
J Leon ClaywellKentucky
Douglas BoudreauxLouisiana
Paul ChaceMaine
Angelo C. VoxakisMaryland
John R ReynoldsMassachusetts
Nancy J W LewisMichigan
Harvey BuchholzMinnesota
Clarence DuBoseMississippi
Kenneth W. SchafermeyerMissouri
Carla CobbMontana
Scott E MambourgNevada
Cheryl A AbelNew Hampshire
Eileen FishmanNew Jersey
Phil GriegoNew Mexico
James R. SchifferNew York
Jean DouglasNorth Carolina
Laurel HaroldsonNorth Dakota
Kenneth S. AlexanderOhio
Eric WinegardnerOklahoma
Wayne KradjanOregon
Edward BechtelPennsylvania
Daniel Mahiques-Nieves Puerto Rico
Linda A CarverRhode Island
Linda ReidSouth Carolina
Ann M CruseSouth Dakota
Kenneth SmithTennessee
Leticia Van de PutteTexas
Dominic DeRoseUtah
Leo H RossVirginia
Janet KuslerWashington
Russell JensenWisconsin
Timothy SeeleyWyoming
2013 Recipients of the “Bowl of Hygeia” Award
The Bowl of Hygeia award program was originally developed by the A. H. Robins Company to recognize pharmacists across the nation for outstanding service to their communities. Selected through their respective professional pharmacy associations, each of these dedicated individuals has made uniquely personal contributions to a strong, healthy community. We offer our congratulations and thanks for their high example. The American Pharmacists Association Foundation, the National Alliance of State Pharmacy Associations and the state pharmacy associations have assumed responsibility for continuing this prestigious recognition program. All former recipients are encouraged to maintain their linkage to the Bowl of Hygeia by emailing current contact information to [email protected]. The Bowl of Hygeia is on display in the APhA Awards Gallery located in Washington, DC.
Boehringer Ingelheim is proud to be the Premier Supporter of the Bowl of Hygeia program.
The “Bowl of Hygeia”
M E M B E R N E W S
Wednesday, June 25, 20145:30 pm - 7:00 pm Board of Directors Meeting
9:00 pm - 10:00 pm Council of President’s Meeting with Coff ee & Dessert Reception
Th ursday, June 26, 20147:00 am - 5:00 pmGPhA Attendee & Exhibitor Registration
7:00 am- 9:00 am Morning Coff ee & Pastries
8:00 am - 10:00 amDrug Abuse & Diversion: How You Can Play a Role in Prevention
8:00 am - 10:00 amAnticoagulation: Not Just Warfarin
10:15 am - 11:15 am Th e Busy Practitioners Guide to Eff ective Communication in Pharmacy Practice
10:15 am - 11:15 am Aromatherapy - An Introduction to Essential Oil and their Th erapeutic Uses
2014 GPhA Convention Registration Now Open!
Preliminary Schedule
Ju ne 26-29, 2014 Wyndham
Bay Point Resort Panama City Beach, FL
Platinum Sponsor Gold Sponsor
To register go to www.gpha.org
and click on the Convention Banner
or scan the code.
Charles D. Sands IIIAlabama
Martie LamontAlaska
Kathryn LabbeArizona
Karrol FowlkesArkansas*
Vicki Fowlkes Arkansas*
*husband and wife co-recipients
Helen K ParkCalifornia
Ronald KennedyColorado
Gregory L HancockConnecticut
David W. DrydenDelaware
Judith Martin RiffeeFlorida
William Lee PratherGeorgia
Selma YamamotoHawaii
Mark JohnstonIdaho
Garry MorelandIllinois
Patrick CashenIndiana
Bernard CremersIowa
Leland HansonKansas
J Leon ClaywellKentucky
Douglas BoudreauxLouisiana
Paul ChaceMaine
Angelo C. VoxakisMaryland
John R ReynoldsMassachusetts
Nancy J W LewisMichigan
Harvey BuchholzMinnesota
Clarence DuBoseMississippi
Kenneth W. SchafermeyerMissouri
Carla CobbMontana
Scott E MambourgNevada
Cheryl A AbelNew Hampshire
Eileen FishmanNew Jersey
Phil GriegoNew Mexico
James R. SchifferNew York
Jean DouglasNorth Carolina
Laurel HaroldsonNorth Dakota
Kenneth S. AlexanderOhio
Eric WinegardnerOklahoma
Wayne KradjanOregon
Edward BechtelPennsylvania
Daniel Mahiques-Nieves Puerto Rico
Linda A CarverRhode Island
Linda ReidSouth Carolina
Ann M CruseSouth Dakota
Kenneth SmithTennessee
Leticia Van de PutteTexas
Dominic DeRoseUtah
Leo H RossVirginia
Janet KuslerWashington
Russell JensenWisconsin
Timothy SeeleyWyoming
2013 Recipients of the “Bowl of Hygeia” Award
The Bowl of Hygeia award program was originally developed by the A. H. Robins Company to recognize pharmacists across the nation for outstanding service to their communities. Selected through their respective professional pharmacy associations, each of these dedicated individuals has made uniquely personal contributions to a strong, healthy community. We offer our congratulations and thanks for their high example. The American Pharmacists Association Foundation, the National Alliance of State Pharmacy Associations and the state pharmacy associations have assumed responsibility for continuing this prestigious recognition program. All former recipients are encouraged to maintain their linkage to the Bowl of Hygeia by emailing current contact information to [email protected]. The Bowl of Hygeia is on display in the APhA Awards Gallery located in Washington, DC.
Boehringer Ingelheim is proud to be the Premier Supporter of the Bowl of Hygeia program.
The “Bowl of Hygeia”
The Georgia Pharmacy Journal
Professional LicensingMedicare and Medicaid
Fraud and ReimbursementCriminal Defense
Administrative LawHealthcare LawLegal Advice for
Licensed Professionals
WWW.FRANCULLEN.COM
(404) 806-6771 • [email protected]
Representing pharmacists and pharmacies before the Georgia Pharmacy Board, GDNA and DEA.
AREAS OF PRACTICE
M E M B E R N E W S
10:15 am - 11:15 am Updates in Diabetes: Understanding the Standards of Medical Care in Type II Diabetes
1:00 pm - 3:30 pm First General Session: CPE Topic TBA
3:30 pm - 6:00 pm Exhibit Hall Open with Student Sponsor/VIP Lounge
7:30 pmMercer Alumni Dinner
7:30 pmUGA Alumni Dinner
Friday, June 27, 20148:00 am - 5:00 pm GPhA Attendee & Exhibitor Registration
7:00 am - 9:00 am Morning Coffee & Pastries
8:00 am GA Pharmacy Foundation/ Carlton Henderson Memorial Golf Tournament
9:00 am AEP Tennis Tournament
8:00 am - 9:00 am What You Always Wanted to Know About Teratogens, but were Afraid to Ask
9:15 am - 10:15 am Hot Topics & Trends in Pharmacy Law
10:30 am - 12:30 pm Diabetes, Part II: Star-Rated Medica-tions
10:30 am - 12:30 pm Immunization/OSHA Update CPE
2:00 pm - 3:30 pm Second General Session: CPE Topic TBA
3:30 pm - 6:00 pm Exhibit Hall Opens
6:00 pm - 7:00 pm PharmPAC Reception (by invitation)
Saturday, June 28, 20147:00 am - 8:00 am Compounding Breakfast
7:00 am - 9:00 am Morning Coffee & Pastries
8:00 am - 5:00 pm GPhA Registration
8:00 am - 10:00 am Hypertension 101: Clinical Pearls for the Community Pharmacist
8:00 am - 10:00 am STAR Ratings 101
10:15 am - 12:15 pm Third General Session: CPE Topic TBA
12:30 pm - 1:45 pm ASA Luncheon & Annual Business Meeting
12:30 pm - 1:45 pm AIP Wholesaler Appreciation Luncheon
12:30 pm - 1:45 pm ACP Luncheon & Business Meeting
12:30 pm - 1:45 pm AEP Luncheon & Business Meeting
12:30 pm - 1:45 pm AHP Luncheon & Business Meeting
2:00 pm Election Closes
2:00 pm - 3:00 pm AIP CPE
2:00 pm - 3:00 pm 2014 Brown Bag Patient Counseling Competition
2:00 pm - 3:00 pm Asthma Management: Focus on Patient-Centered Care
2:15 pm - 2:30 pm Tellers Committee Meeting
2:30 pm - 3:30 pmResolutions Committee Meeting
3:15 pm - 4:15 pmIssues of Cultural Competency in Pharmacy
3:15 pm - 4:15 pm Insulin Therapy: Optimizing the use of Insulin in Patients with Type II Diabetes
3:15 pm - 4:15 pm Compounding CPE
6:00 pm - 6:30 pm President’s Reception
6:30 pm - 11:00 pm President’s Banquet & Officer Installation. Dessert Reception & Dance
Sunday, June 29, 20148:00 am - 8:30 am Interfaith Sunrise Service
9:00 am - 9:30 am Annual Meeting
9:30 am - 11:30 am New Drug Update 2014: A Formulary Approach
9:30 am - 10:30 am Update in the Management of Hyperlip-idemia: Was it Worth the Wait?
10:00 am - 11:00 am 2014-2015 GPhA BOD Meeting
You work hard and you really care about your future in the pharmacy profession. � at’s why you support � e Georgia Pharmacy Association and attend the GPhA Convention. But you also deserve time to get out,
enjoy one of the fantastic amenities at the convention and support a very worthy cause - � e Georgia Pharmacy Foundation Student Scholarship Program.
Designed by the great Jack Nicklaus himself, this course is one of the best in Northwest Florida. So take a break and join us on the course that Jack built because as they say,
“all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”
Friday, June 27, 2014 � e Nicklaus Course at Bay Point Resort | Panama City Beach, FL
CARLTON HENDERSON MEMORIAL GOLF TOURNAMENT
15th A N N U A L
Georgia Pharmacy Foundation
Play the Course
� at Jack Built.
2014 GPhA Convention
The Georgia Pharmacy Journal
Professional LicensingMedicare and Medicaid
Fraud and ReimbursementCriminal Defense
Administrative LawHealthcare LawLegal Advice for
Licensed Professionals
WWW.FRANCULLEN.COM
(404) 806-6771 • [email protected]
Representing pharmacists and pharmacies before the Georgia Pharmacy Board, GDNA and DEA.
AREAS OF PRACTICE
M E M B E R N E W S
10:15 am - 11:15 am Updates in Diabetes: Understanding the Standards of Medical Care in Type II Diabetes
1:00 pm - 3:30 pm First General Session: CPE Topic TBA
3:30 pm - 6:00 pm Exhibit Hall Open with Student Sponsor/VIP Lounge
7:30 pmMercer Alumni Dinner
7:30 pmUGA Alumni Dinner
Friday, June 27, 20148:00 am - 5:00 pm GPhA Attendee & Exhibitor Registration
7:00 am - 9:00 am Morning Coffee & Pastries
8:00 am GA Pharmacy Foundation/ Carlton Henderson Memorial Golf Tournament
9:00 am AEP Tennis Tournament
8:00 am - 9:00 am What You Always Wanted to Know About Teratogens, but were Afraid to Ask
9:15 am - 10:15 am Hot Topics & Trends in Pharmacy Law
10:30 am - 12:30 pm Diabetes, Part II: Star-Rated Medica-tions
10:30 am - 12:30 pm Immunization/OSHA Update CPE
2:00 pm - 3:30 pm Second General Session: CPE Topic TBA
3:30 pm - 6:00 pm Exhibit Hall Opens
6:00 pm - 7:00 pm PharmPAC Reception (by invitation)
Saturday, June 28, 20147:00 am - 8:00 am Compounding Breakfast
7:00 am - 9:00 am Morning Coffee & Pastries
8:00 am - 5:00 pm GPhA Registration
8:00 am - 10:00 am Hypertension 101: Clinical Pearls for the Community Pharmacist
8:00 am - 10:00 am STAR Ratings 101
10:15 am - 12:15 pm Third General Session: CPE Topic TBA
12:30 pm - 1:45 pm ASA Luncheon & Annual Business Meeting
12:30 pm - 1:45 pm AIP Wholesaler Appreciation Luncheon
12:30 pm - 1:45 pm ACP Luncheon & Business Meeting
12:30 pm - 1:45 pm AEP Luncheon & Business Meeting
12:30 pm - 1:45 pm AHP Luncheon & Business Meeting
2:00 pm Election Closes
2:00 pm - 3:00 pm AIP CPE
2:00 pm - 3:00 pm 2014 Brown Bag Patient Counseling Competition
2:00 pm - 3:00 pm Asthma Management: Focus on Patient-Centered Care
2:15 pm - 2:30 pm Tellers Committee Meeting
2:30 pm - 3:30 pmResolutions Committee Meeting
3:15 pm - 4:15 pmIssues of Cultural Competency in Pharmacy
3:15 pm - 4:15 pm Insulin Therapy: Optimizing the use of Insulin in Patients with Type II Diabetes
3:15 pm - 4:15 pm Compounding CPE
6:00 pm - 6:30 pm President’s Reception
6:30 pm - 11:00 pm President’s Banquet & Officer Installation. Dessert Reception & Dance
Sunday, June 29, 20148:00 am - 8:30 am Interfaith Sunrise Service
9:00 am - 9:30 am Annual Meeting
9:30 am - 11:30 am New Drug Update 2014: A Formulary Approach
9:30 am - 10:30 am Update in the Management of Hyperlip-idemia: Was it Worth the Wait?
10:00 am - 11:00 am 2014-2015 GPhA BOD Meeting
You work hard and you really care about your future in the pharmacy profession. � at’s why you support � e Georgia Pharmacy Association and attend the GPhA Convention. But you also deserve time to get out,
enjoy one of the fantastic amenities at the convention and support a very worthy cause - � e Georgia Pharmacy Foundation Student Scholarship Program.
Designed by the great Jack Nicklaus himself, this course is one of the best in Northwest Florida. So take a break and join us on the course that Jack built because as they say,
“all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”
Friday, June 27, 2014 � e Nicklaus Course at Bay Point Resort | Panama City Beach, FL
CARLTON HENDERSON MEMORIAL GOLF TOURNAMENT
15th A N N U A L
Georgia Pharmacy Foundation
Play the Course
� at Jack Built.
2014 GPhA Convention
The Georgia Pharmacy Journal16
I N D U S T R Y N E W SI N D U S T R Y N E W S
As of June 1, 2012 the Georgia Board of Pharmacy will no longer mail out licenses. The Board will no longer print and/or mail courtesy hard copies of blue wall licenses and pocket cards to licensees free of charge. Statutes and board rules require some licensees to post a copy of their license at their place of business for inspection. To meet this requirement, the division will provide free of charge an electronic version of the professional license for the individual or business to obtain from our website at http://gadch.mylicense.com/PocketCards/. This change will apply to all license types and to the issuance of new, renewed, and reinstated licenses. A $25.00 charge will apply for all blue wall license/pocket card orders.
As always, someone seeking to verify the status of a professional li-cense, you should use the real-time verification portal located at https://gadch.mylicense.com/verification/Search.aspx?facility=N that contains the most accurate and up-to-date information on a licensee’s status.
If you wish to check the status of your application please visit https://gadch.mylicense.com/eGov/. n
Please Note: Board of Pharmacy No Longer Mails Out Licenses
Many pharmacies lease photocopi-ers and simply return the photocopier to the leasing company to replace it with the latest model. However, most phar-macists are unaware that their old pho-tocopier could subject their pharmacy to substantial fines and penalties as a result of violations of the Health Insur-ance Portability and Accountability Act. An insurance company recently negoti-ated a settlement with the United States Department of Health and Human Ser-vices in excess of one million dollars [$1,000,000.00] over its failure to erase Protected Health Information from leased photocopier hard drives, resulting in a breach of HIPAA.
Commercial copiers have come a long way. Current digital copiers are smart machines that are used to copy, print, scan, fax and email documents. Digi-
Protect Health Information On Photocopier Hard Drives
tal copiers require hard disk drives to manage incoming jobs and workloads, and to increase the speed of production. Generally, commercial copiers have hard drives that store data about each documents that it copies, prints, scans, faxes or emails. If steps are not taken to protect that data and to remove it before the copier is returned to a leasing company, the data can be ac-cessed from the hard drive by another user, resulting in a breach of Protected Health Information and a breach of HIPAA.
Many copier manufacturers offer data security features for the copier ma-chines, which typically involve encryp-
tion and overwriting. Encryption meth-ods protect information stored on the hard drive by scrambling the data using a code that can only be read by specific
software. This ensures that the data stored on the hard drive can-not be retrieved by an outside user. Copier manufactures also offer overwriting pro-tection. Overwriting consists of replacing existing data on the hard drive with ran-dom characters and
making the files difficult to reconstruct. Another option for protecting data stored on hard drives involves locking the hard drive with a password.
Manufacturers may also offer services upon the return of the copier to protect or secure the data stored on the hard drive. Many manufactures offer to re-move the hard drive and return it to its previous user, so that the user can keep, dispose of or destroy the hard drive.
The Omnibus Final Rule, which had a compliance date of September 23, 2013, presumes that all unauthorized uses or disclosures of PHI constitute a “breach” unless the covered entity or business as-sociate demonstrates through a risk as-sessment that there is a “low probability that the PHI has been compromised.
The Omnibus Final Rule identifies four “objective” factors that covered entities and business associates must consider when performing the required risk assessment: (1) What was the nature and extent of the protected health infor-mation involved, including the types of identifiers and the likelihood of re-iden-tification? (2) Who was the unauthorized person who used the protected health in-formation or to whom the disclosure was made? (3) Was the protected health in-formation actually acquired or viewed?
(4) To what extent was the risk to the protected health information mitigated?
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ move towards more objective factors is consistent with the increased enforcement efforts being un-dertaken across the board. With the in-creased penalties for a breach of HIPAA and the increased number of investiga-tions conducted by the Department of Health and Human Services, it is criti-cal to ensure that electronic Protected Health Information is properly managed at all times.
The United States Department of Health and Human Services settlement is only one example of how Protected Health Information may be electron-ically stored in locations that are not easily apparent, and should serve as a motivator for every pharmacy to ensure that policies and procedures are in place regarding the return of photocopiers at the expiration of the lease term. Phar-
macists should perform a risk analysis pursuant to HIPAA guidelines to ensure that every storage location of electronic Protected Health Information has been identified, including computers, scan-ners, flash drives and hard drives. Once the security risks of electronic Protected Health Information have been assessed, pharmacists must implement policies for the disposal of this Protected Health In-formation prior to the return or disposal of the equipment.
Pharmacists should also ensure that each of its business associates have ex-ecuted a Business Associate Agreement that requires the business associates to destroy all electronic Protected Health Information from devices before re-turning or discarding them. A breach of HIPPA can result in substantial fines, penalties and even a lack of patient con-fidence. By conducting a HIPAA risk analysis assessment on a regular basis, pharmacists can save time, money and
frustration, as well as avoid reputational damage in the health care community. n
Stuart J. Oberman, Esq. handles a wide range of legal issues for the pharmacy profession including practice sales, real estate transactions, lease agreements, HIPAA and OSHA compliance, board complaints, employment law, and entity formation. For questions or comments regarding this article please call (770) 554-1400 or visit www.obermanlaw.com Please visit us at: Corporate Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/pages/Ober-man-Law/246795745395840\Twitter: http://twitter.com/#!/obermanlawLinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/in/stuartober-manlawBlog: http://obermanlawfirm.wordpress.com/
Most pharmacists are unaware their old photocopier could
subject their pharmacy to substantial fines and penalties as a result to HIPAA.
The Georgia Pharmacy Journal16
I N D U S T R Y N E W SI N D U S T R Y N E W S
As of June 1, 2012 the Georgia Board of Pharmacy will no longer mail out licenses. The Board will no longer print and/or mail courtesy hard copies of blue wall licenses and pocket cards to licensees free of charge. Statutes and board rules require some licensees to post a copy of their license at their place of business for inspection. To meet this requirement, the division will provide free of charge an electronic version of the professional license for the individual or business to obtain from our website at http://gadch.mylicense.com/PocketCards/. This change will apply to all license types and to the issuance of new, renewed, and reinstated licenses. A $25.00 charge will apply for all blue wall license/pocket card orders.
As always, someone seeking to verify the status of a professional li-cense, you should use the real-time verification portal located at https://gadch.mylicense.com/verification/Search.aspx?facility=N that contains the most accurate and up-to-date information on a licensee’s status.
If you wish to check the status of your application please visit https://gadch.mylicense.com/eGov/. n
Please Note: Board of Pharmacy No Longer Mails Out Licenses
Many pharmacies lease photocopi-ers and simply return the photocopier to the leasing company to replace it with the latest model. However, most phar-macists are unaware that their old pho-tocopier could subject their pharmacy to substantial fines and penalties as a result of violations of the Health Insur-ance Portability and Accountability Act. An insurance company recently negoti-ated a settlement with the United States Department of Health and Human Ser-vices in excess of one million dollars [$1,000,000.00] over its failure to erase Protected Health Information from leased photocopier hard drives, resulting in a breach of HIPAA.
Commercial copiers have come a long way. Current digital copiers are smart machines that are used to copy, print, scan, fax and email documents. Digi-
Protect Health Information On Photocopier Hard Drives
tal copiers require hard disk drives to manage incoming jobs and workloads, and to increase the speed of production. Generally, commercial copiers have hard drives that store data about each documents that it copies, prints, scans, faxes or emails. If steps are not taken to protect that data and to remove it before the copier is returned to a leasing company, the data can be ac-cessed from the hard drive by another user, resulting in a breach of Protected Health Information and a breach of HIPAA.
Many copier manufacturers offer data security features for the copier ma-chines, which typically involve encryp-
tion and overwriting. Encryption meth-ods protect information stored on the hard drive by scrambling the data using a code that can only be read by specific
software. This ensures that the data stored on the hard drive can-not be retrieved by an outside user. Copier manufactures also offer overwriting pro-tection. Overwriting consists of replacing existing data on the hard drive with ran-dom characters and
making the files difficult to reconstruct. Another option for protecting data stored on hard drives involves locking the hard drive with a password.
Manufacturers may also offer services upon the return of the copier to protect or secure the data stored on the hard drive. Many manufactures offer to re-move the hard drive and return it to its previous user, so that the user can keep, dispose of or destroy the hard drive.
The Omnibus Final Rule, which had a compliance date of September 23, 2013, presumes that all unauthorized uses or disclosures of PHI constitute a “breach” unless the covered entity or business as-sociate demonstrates through a risk as-sessment that there is a “low probability that the PHI has been compromised.
The Omnibus Final Rule identifies four “objective” factors that covered entities and business associates must consider when performing the required risk assessment: (1) What was the nature and extent of the protected health infor-mation involved, including the types of identifiers and the likelihood of re-iden-tification? (2) Who was the unauthorized person who used the protected health in-formation or to whom the disclosure was made? (3) Was the protected health in-formation actually acquired or viewed?
(4) To what extent was the risk to the protected health information mitigated?
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ move towards more objective factors is consistent with the increased enforcement efforts being un-dertaken across the board. With the in-creased penalties for a breach of HIPAA and the increased number of investiga-tions conducted by the Department of Health and Human Services, it is criti-cal to ensure that electronic Protected Health Information is properly managed at all times.
The United States Department of Health and Human Services settlement is only one example of how Protected Health Information may be electron-ically stored in locations that are not easily apparent, and should serve as a motivator for every pharmacy to ensure that policies and procedures are in place regarding the return of photocopiers at the expiration of the lease term. Phar-
macists should perform a risk analysis pursuant to HIPAA guidelines to ensure that every storage location of electronic Protected Health Information has been identified, including computers, scan-ners, flash drives and hard drives. Once the security risks of electronic Protected Health Information have been assessed, pharmacists must implement policies for the disposal of this Protected Health In-formation prior to the return or disposal of the equipment.
Pharmacists should also ensure that each of its business associates have ex-ecuted a Business Associate Agreement that requires the business associates to destroy all electronic Protected Health Information from devices before re-turning or discarding them. A breach of HIPPA can result in substantial fines, penalties and even a lack of patient con-fidence. By conducting a HIPAA risk analysis assessment on a regular basis, pharmacists can save time, money and
frustration, as well as avoid reputational damage in the health care community. n
Stuart J. Oberman, Esq. handles a wide range of legal issues for the pharmacy profession including practice sales, real estate transactions, lease agreements, HIPAA and OSHA compliance, board complaints, employment law, and entity formation. For questions or comments regarding this article please call (770) 554-1400 or visit www.obermanlaw.com Please visit us at: Corporate Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/pages/Ober-man-Law/246795745395840\Twitter: http://twitter.com/#!/obermanlawLinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/in/stuartober-manlawBlog: http://obermanlawfirm.wordpress.com/
Most pharmacists are unaware their old photocopier could
subject their pharmacy to substantial fines and penalties as a result to HIPAA.
The Georgia Pharmacy Journal18
Thanks to All Our Supporters Highlight denotes new and increased contributors.
NOTICE: Contact Andy Freeman, GPhA Director of Government Affairs, to update your support or if any information is incor-rect. [email protected] 404-419-8118
*Denotes a monthly sustaining PAC member. (Month/Year) Denotes most recent contribution.
19The Georgia Pharmacy Journal
PharmPac Board of Directors Eddie Madden, ChairmanDean Stone, Region 1Keith Dupree, Region 2Judson Mullican, Region 3Bill McLeer, Region 4Mahlon Davidson, Region 5Mike McGee, Region 6Jim McWilliams, Region 7T.M. Bridges, Region 9Mark Parris, Region 9Chris Thurmond, Region 10Stewart Flanagin, Region 11Henry Josey, Region 12Pam Marquess, Ex-OfficioJim Bracewell, Ex-Officio
Diamond Level$4,800 minimum pledge*Scott Meeks, R.Ph. Bryan Scott, R.Ph.*Fred Sharpe, R.Ph
Titanium Level$2,400 minimum pledge*Ralph Balchin, R.Ph. *Ben Cravey, R.Ph.*Michael Farmer, R.Ph.*David Graves, R.Ph.*Raymond Hickman, R.Ph.*Robert Ledbetter, R.Ph.*Brandall Lovvorn, Pharm.D. *Marvin McCord, R.Ph.*Jeff Sikes, R.Ph.*Danny Smith, R.Ph.*Dean Stone, R.Ph.*Tommy Whitworth, R.Ph.
Platinum Level$1,200 minimum pledgeThomas Bryan, Jr. 12/14*Larry Braden, R.Ph.*William Cagle, R.Ph.*Hugh Chancy, R.Ph.*Keith Chapman, R.Ph.*Dale Coker, R.Ph.*Billy Conley, R.Ph.*Al Dixon Jr., R.Ph.*Ashley Dukes, R.Ph. Patrick Dunham, R.Ph. 3/15*Jack Dunn Jr., R.Ph. *Neal Florence, R.Ph.*Andy Freeman
*Robert Hatton, Pharm.D.Ted Hunt, R.Ph.12/14*Ira Katz, R.Ph.Thomas Lindsay, R.Ph. 5/14 Jeff Lurey, R.Ph. 4/14*Eddie Madden, R.Ph.*Jonathan Marquess, Pharm.D. *Pam Marquess, Pharm.D.*Kenneth McCarthy, R.Ph.*Ivey McCurdy, Pharm. D*Drew Miller, R.Ph.*Laird Miller, R.Ph.*Jay Mosley, R.Ph.*Sujal Patel, Pharm D*Mark Parris, Pharm.D.*Allen Partridge, R.Ph.*Houston Rogers, Pharm.D. Tim Short, R.Ph. 10/14*Benjamin Stanley, Pharm.D.*Danny Toth, R.Ph.*Christopher Thurmond, Pharm.D.*Alex Tucker, Pharm.D.Lindsay Walker, R.Ph. 6/14Henry Wilson, Pharm.D. 11/14
Gold Level$600 minimum pledgeJames Bartling, Pharm.D. 6/14*William Brewster, R.Ph.*Liza Chapman, Pharm.D.*Mahlon Davidson, R.Ph.*Angela DeLay, R.Ph.*Benjamin Dupree, Sr., R.Ph*Stewart Flanagin, R.Ph.*Kevin Florence, Pharm.D.*Kerry Griffin, R.Ph.
*Michael Iteogu, R.Ph.*Joshua Kinsey, Pharm.D.*Dan Kiser, R.Ph.*Allison Layne, C.Ph.TLance LoRusso 6/14*Sheila Miller, Pharm.D.*Robert Moody, R.Ph.*Sherri Moody, Pharm.D.*William Moye, R.Ph.*Anthony Ray, R.Ph.*Jeffrey Richardson, R.Ph.*Andy Rogers, R.Ph.Wade Scott, R.Ph. *Michael Tarrant*James Thomas, R.Ph.Zach Tomberlin, Pharm.D. 4/14*Mark White, R.Ph.*Charles Wilson Jr., R.Ph.
Silver Level$300 minimum pledge*Renee Adamson, Pharm.D.Larry Batten, R. Ph. 11/14Lance Boles, R.Ph. 8/14 Robert Cecil, R.Ph. 3/15Laura Coker, Pharm D 6/14*Ed Dozier, R.Ph.*Greg Drake, R. Ph.*Terry Dunn, R.Ph.*Marshall Frost, Pharm.D.*Amanda Gaddy, R. Ph.*Johnathan Hamrick, Pharm.D.*Willie Latch, R.Ph*Hilary Mbadugha, Pharm.D.*Kalen Manasco, Pharm.D. Max Mason, R.Ph.
*William McLeer, R.Ph.*Sheri Mills, C.Ph.T.*Richard Noell, R.Ph.*Cynthia Piela, R.Ph.*Donald Piela, Jr. Pharm.D. Bill Prather, R.Ph. 6/14*Kristy Pucylowski, Pharm.D.*Edward Reynolds, R.Ph.*Ashley Rickard, Pharm D.*Brian Rickard, Pharm D. Flynn Warren, R.Ph. 6/14Steve Wilson, Pharm.D. 7/14*William Wolfe, R.Ph.*Sharon Zerillo, R.Ph.
Bronze Level$150 minimum pledgeMonica Ali-Warren, R.Ph. 6/14*Shane Bentley, Student *Robert Bowles*Rabun Deckle, R. Ph.Ashley Faulk, Pharm.D. 4/14James Fetterman, Jr., Pharm.D. 4/14*Larry Harkleroad, R.Ph.Winton Harris Jr., R.Ph. 6/14*Amy Grimsley, Pharm. D*Thomas Jeter, R.Ph. *Henry Josey, R.Ph*Brenton Lake, R.Ph.*Tracie Lunde, Pharm.D.*Michael Lewis, Pharm.D.Max Mason, R.Ph. 6/14*Susan McLeer, R.Ph.Judson Mullican, R.Ph. 11/14*Natalie Nielsen, R.Ph.*Mark Niday, R. Ph.
*Don Richie, R.Ph. *Amanda Paisley, Pharm.D. Rose Pinkstaff 1/14*Alex Pinkston IV, R.PhDon Richie, R.Ph. 11/14*Corey Rieck Carlos Rodriguez-Feo, R.Ph. 12/14*Laurence Ryan, Pharm.D.*Olivia Santoso, Pharm. D.James Stowe, R.Ph. 12/14*Dana Strickland, R.Ph.G.H. Thurmond, R.Ph. 11/14*Tommy Tolbert, R. Ph.*Austin Tull, Pharm.D.
MembersNo minimum pledgeClaude Bates, R.Ph 6/14Winston Brock, R.Ph. 6/14David Carver, R.Ph. 6/14Marshall Curtis, R.Ph. 6/14Donley Dawson, Pharm.D. 12/14John Drew, R.Ph. 6/14James England, R.Ph. 6/14Martin Grizzard, R.Ph. 12/14Christopher Gurley, R. Ph 6/14 Lise Hennick 2/14Marsha Kapiloff, R.Ph. 6/14Charles Kovarik, R. Ph. 6/14Carroll Lowery, R.Ph. 2/14Ralph Marett, R.Ph. 6/14Kenneth McCarthy, R.Ph. 6/14Whitney Pickett, R.Ph. 11/14Michael Reagan, R. Ph 6/14Ola Reffell, R.Ph. 6/14Leonard Reynolds, R.Ph. 6/14
Victor Serafy, R.Ph. 6/14Terry Shaw, Pharm.D. 5/14Harry Shurley, R.Ph 6/14Amanda Stankiewicz, Student 6/14Benjamin Stanley, R.Ph 6/14Krista Stone, R.Ph 6/14John Thomas, R.Ph. 11/14William Thompson, R.Ph. 6/14Carey Vaughan, Pharm.D. 6/14Jonathon Williams R.Ph 8/14
*denotes sustaining members
The Georgia Pharmacy Journal18
Thanks to All Our Supporters Highlight denotes new and increased contributors.
NOTICE: Contact Andy Freeman, GPhA Director of Government Affairs, to update your support or if any information is incor-rect. [email protected] 404-419-8118
*Denotes a monthly sustaining PAC member. (Month/Year) Denotes most recent contribution.
19The Georgia Pharmacy Journal
PharmPac Board of Directors Eddie Madden, ChairmanDean Stone, Region 1Keith Dupree, Region 2Judson Mullican, Region 3Bill McLeer, Region 4Mahlon Davidson, Region 5Mike McGee, Region 6Jim McWilliams, Region 7T.M. Bridges, Region 9Mark Parris, Region 9Chris Thurmond, Region 10Stewart Flanagin, Region 11Henry Josey, Region 12Pam Marquess, Ex-OfficioJim Bracewell, Ex-Officio
Diamond Level$4,800 minimum pledge*Scott Meeks, R.Ph. Bryan Scott, R.Ph.*Fred Sharpe, R.Ph
Titanium Level$2,400 minimum pledge*Ralph Balchin, R.Ph. *Ben Cravey, R.Ph.*Michael Farmer, R.Ph.*David Graves, R.Ph.*Raymond Hickman, R.Ph.*Robert Ledbetter, R.Ph.*Brandall Lovvorn, Pharm.D. *Marvin McCord, R.Ph.*Jeff Sikes, R.Ph.*Danny Smith, R.Ph.*Dean Stone, R.Ph.*Tommy Whitworth, R.Ph.
Platinum Level$1,200 minimum pledgeThomas Bryan, Jr. 12/14*Larry Braden, R.Ph.*William Cagle, R.Ph.*Hugh Chancy, R.Ph.*Keith Chapman, R.Ph.*Dale Coker, R.Ph.*Billy Conley, R.Ph.*Al Dixon Jr., R.Ph.*Ashley Dukes, R.Ph. Patrick Dunham, R.Ph. 3/15*Jack Dunn Jr., R.Ph. *Neal Florence, R.Ph.*Andy Freeman
*Robert Hatton, Pharm.D.Ted Hunt, R.Ph.12/14*Ira Katz, R.Ph.Thomas Lindsay, R.Ph. 5/14 Jeff Lurey, R.Ph. 4/14*Eddie Madden, R.Ph.*Jonathan Marquess, Pharm.D. *Pam Marquess, Pharm.D.*Kenneth McCarthy, R.Ph.*Ivey McCurdy, Pharm. D*Drew Miller, R.Ph.*Laird Miller, R.Ph.*Jay Mosley, R.Ph.*Sujal Patel, Pharm D*Mark Parris, Pharm.D.*Allen Partridge, R.Ph.*Houston Rogers, Pharm.D. Tim Short, R.Ph. 10/14*Benjamin Stanley, Pharm.D.*Danny Toth, R.Ph.*Christopher Thurmond, Pharm.D.*Alex Tucker, Pharm.D.Lindsay Walker, R.Ph. 6/14Henry Wilson, Pharm.D. 11/14
Gold Level$600 minimum pledgeJames Bartling, Pharm.D. 6/14*William Brewster, R.Ph.*Liza Chapman, Pharm.D.*Mahlon Davidson, R.Ph.*Angela DeLay, R.Ph.*Benjamin Dupree, Sr., R.Ph*Stewart Flanagin, R.Ph.*Kevin Florence, Pharm.D.*Kerry Griffin, R.Ph.
*Michael Iteogu, R.Ph.*Joshua Kinsey, Pharm.D.*Dan Kiser, R.Ph.*Allison Layne, C.Ph.TLance LoRusso 6/14*Sheila Miller, Pharm.D.*Robert Moody, R.Ph.*Sherri Moody, Pharm.D.*William Moye, R.Ph.*Anthony Ray, R.Ph.*Jeffrey Richardson, R.Ph.*Andy Rogers, R.Ph.Wade Scott, R.Ph. *Michael Tarrant*James Thomas, R.Ph.Zach Tomberlin, Pharm.D. 4/14*Mark White, R.Ph.*Charles Wilson Jr., R.Ph.
Silver Level$300 minimum pledge*Renee Adamson, Pharm.D.Larry Batten, R. Ph. 11/14Lance Boles, R.Ph. 8/14 Robert Cecil, R.Ph. 3/15Laura Coker, Pharm D 6/14*Ed Dozier, R.Ph.*Greg Drake, R. Ph.*Terry Dunn, R.Ph.*Marshall Frost, Pharm.D.*Amanda Gaddy, R. Ph.*Johnathan Hamrick, Pharm.D.*Willie Latch, R.Ph*Hilary Mbadugha, Pharm.D.*Kalen Manasco, Pharm.D. Max Mason, R.Ph.
*William McLeer, R.Ph.*Sheri Mills, C.Ph.T.*Richard Noell, R.Ph.*Cynthia Piela, R.Ph.*Donald Piela, Jr. Pharm.D. Bill Prather, R.Ph. 6/14*Kristy Pucylowski, Pharm.D.*Edward Reynolds, R.Ph.*Ashley Rickard, Pharm D.*Brian Rickard, Pharm D. Flynn Warren, R.Ph. 6/14Steve Wilson, Pharm.D. 7/14*William Wolfe, R.Ph.*Sharon Zerillo, R.Ph.
Bronze Level$150 minimum pledgeMonica Ali-Warren, R.Ph. 6/14*Shane Bentley, Student *Robert Bowles*Rabun Deckle, R. Ph.Ashley Faulk, Pharm.D. 4/14James Fetterman, Jr., Pharm.D. 4/14*Larry Harkleroad, R.Ph.Winton Harris Jr., R.Ph. 6/14*Amy Grimsley, Pharm. D*Thomas Jeter, R.Ph. *Henry Josey, R.Ph*Brenton Lake, R.Ph.*Tracie Lunde, Pharm.D.*Michael Lewis, Pharm.D.Max Mason, R.Ph. 6/14*Susan McLeer, R.Ph.Judson Mullican, R.Ph. 11/14*Natalie Nielsen, R.Ph.*Mark Niday, R. Ph.
*Don Richie, R.Ph. *Amanda Paisley, Pharm.D. Rose Pinkstaff 1/14*Alex Pinkston IV, R.PhDon Richie, R.Ph. 11/14*Corey Rieck Carlos Rodriguez-Feo, R.Ph. 12/14*Laurence Ryan, Pharm.D.*Olivia Santoso, Pharm. D.James Stowe, R.Ph. 12/14*Dana Strickland, R.Ph.G.H. Thurmond, R.Ph. 11/14*Tommy Tolbert, R. Ph.*Austin Tull, Pharm.D.
MembersNo minimum pledgeClaude Bates, R.Ph 6/14Winston Brock, R.Ph. 6/14David Carver, R.Ph. 6/14Marshall Curtis, R.Ph. 6/14Donley Dawson, Pharm.D. 12/14John Drew, R.Ph. 6/14James England, R.Ph. 6/14Martin Grizzard, R.Ph. 12/14Christopher Gurley, R. Ph 6/14 Lise Hennick 2/14Marsha Kapiloff, R.Ph. 6/14Charles Kovarik, R. Ph. 6/14Carroll Lowery, R.Ph. 2/14Ralph Marett, R.Ph. 6/14Kenneth McCarthy, R.Ph. 6/14Whitney Pickett, R.Ph. 11/14Michael Reagan, R. Ph 6/14Ola Reffell, R.Ph. 6/14Leonard Reynolds, R.Ph. 6/14
Victor Serafy, R.Ph. 6/14Terry Shaw, Pharm.D. 5/14Harry Shurley, R.Ph 6/14Amanda Stankiewicz, Student 6/14Benjamin Stanley, R.Ph 6/14Krista Stone, R.Ph 6/14John Thomas, R.Ph. 11/14William Thompson, R.Ph. 6/14Carey Vaughan, Pharm.D. 6/14Jonathon Williams R.Ph 8/14
*denotes sustaining members
21Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal
Melody L. Hartzler, R.Ph., PharmD, AE-C, BCACP, Assistant Professor of Pharmacy Practice and Tracy R. Frame, R.Ph., PharmD, BCACP, Assistant Professor of Pharmacy Practice, Cedarville University School of Pharmacy
continuing educat ion for pharmacists
Vitamin D Deficiency and TreatmentVolume XXXII, No. 2
Drs. Melody Hartzler and Tracy Frame have no relevant financial relationships to disclose.
Goal. The goal of this lesson is to provide information on vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in-cluding prevalence, epidemiology, screening, prevention, treatment recommendations, and the relation-ship to various diseases; as well as vitamin D supplements, dietary sources, and symptoms of toxicity.
Objectives. At the completion of this activity, the participant will be able to:
1. identify clinical manifesta-tions of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency;
2. recognize the relationship of vitamin D deficiency to common disease states;
3. demonstrate an understand-ing of screening, prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficien-cies, including vitamin D supple-ments and dietary sources; and
4. list signs and symptoms of vitamin D toxicity.
Despite the lack of consensus on optimal levels of serum 25-hy-droxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], vitamin D deficiency is most often defined as a level of less than 20 ng/mL, and insufficiency is defined as a serum 25(OH)D level of 20 to 29 ng/mL. The major source of vitamin D in the human body is produced in the skin by a UVB-mediated, photolytic, non-enzymatic reaction that converts 7-dehydrocholesterol to previtamin
D3. Previtamin D3 then undergoes another conversion to vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), which also occurs in the skin. Vitamin D3 can also be obtained from the diet via animal sources and supplements. Another form of vitamin D, vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol), is found in some plants and is commonly produced commercially by irradiation of yeast for supplementation and for-tification in the food supply. Both of these forms of vitamin D un-dergo the same metabolism and are converted to 25(OH)D in the liver. Finally in the kidney, 25(OH)D is hydroxylated to 1,25 dihydroxyvita-min D [1,25(OH)2D], the biological-ly active form of vitamin D, which increases calcium absorption, and acts on the osteoblasts and osteo-clasts in bone to mobilize calcium. This last step in the process is regulated primarily by serum para-thyroid hormone (PTH), as well as low serum calcium or phosphorus levels.
Research suggests vitamin D3 is a prohormone rather than a vitamin. In addition to increasing calcium absorption and mobiliza-tion, new information suggests the activated hormone 1,25(OH)2D plays other non-calcemic roles in intracellular biological reactions. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a phosphoprotein member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that can be affected by glucocorticoids, estrogens, retinoids, and cell prolif-eration rates. Vitamin D and VDR have shown important roles in im-mune, cardiovascular, reproductive systems and in hair growth. Serum 1,25(OH)2D has been found to
control more than 200 genes in the body that regulate cellular prolif-eration, differentiation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis.
Some reports have estimated over a billion people worldwide have vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) report that from 2001 to 2006 an estimated one-quarter of Americans were at risk of vitamin D inadequacy [serum 25(OH)D of 30 to 49 nmol/L or 11 to 20 ng/mL], and 8 percent were at risk of vitamin D deficiency [serum 25(OH)D less than 30 nmol/L or less than 10 ng/mL]. The prevalence was lower in younger, male, or non-Hispanic white indi-viduals. Among women, the preva-lence was also lower in pregnant or lactating females. Risk factors for vitamin D deficiency include age greater than 65 years, babies breastfed exclusively without vita-min D supplementation, dark skin, insufficient sunlight exposure, medication use that alters vitamin D metabolism (such as anticonvul-sants or glucocorticoids), obesity (BMI greater than 30 kg/m2), and a sedentary lifestyle.
In light of this information, researchers have begun to ask the question, “Is vitamin D the rea-son for the racial disparities seen across a variety of disease states?” For example, the NHANES data from 2001 to 2006 suggest subopti-mal vitamin D status may contrib-ute to racial disparity in albumin-uria due to an inverse relationship between 25(OH)D levels and albu-minuria. Other observational stud-
Corporate contributions and contributions by foreign nationals are prohibited. Individuals may contribute a maximum of $5,200 to the campaign- $2,600 for the primary election and $2,600 for the general election. PACS may contribute $10,000 to the campaign - $5,000 for the primary election and $5,000 for the general election. Federal law requires us to
use our best efforts to collect and report the name, mailing address, occupation, and name of employer of each individual whose aggregate contributions exceed $200 in an election cycle.
REAL SOLUTIONS. CONSERVATIVE PRINCIPLES.
There is not a singlePharmacist serving in Congress. It’s time to change that. Please support Buddy Carter R.Ph for Congress. buddycarterforcongress.com/donate/
With all of the major changes taking place in the health care industry, now more than ever, we pharmacists must have our voices heard.
SUPPORT BUDDY CARTER R.Ph FOR CONGRESS
PAID FOR BY BUDDY CARTER FOR CONGRESSCARLTON HODGES, TREASURER
21Th e Georgia Pharmacy Journal
Melody L. Hartzler, R.Ph., PharmD, AE-C, BCACP, Assistant Professor of Pharmacy Practice and Tracy R. Frame, R.Ph., PharmD, BCACP, Assistant Professor of Pharmacy Practice, Cedarville University School of Pharmacy
continuing educat ion for pharmacists
Vitamin D Deficiency and TreatmentVolume XXXII, No. 2
Drs. Melody Hartzler and Tracy Frame have no relevant financial relationships to disclose.
Goal. The goal of this lesson is to provide information on vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in-cluding prevalence, epidemiology, screening, prevention, treatment recommendations, and the relation-ship to various diseases; as well as vitamin D supplements, dietary sources, and symptoms of toxicity.
Objectives. At the completion of this activity, the participant will be able to:
1. identify clinical manifesta-tions of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency;
2. recognize the relationship of vitamin D deficiency to common disease states;
3. demonstrate an understand-ing of screening, prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficien-cies, including vitamin D supple-ments and dietary sources; and
4. list signs and symptoms of vitamin D toxicity.
Despite the lack of consensus on optimal levels of serum 25-hy-droxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], vitamin D deficiency is most often defined as a level of less than 20 ng/mL, and insufficiency is defined as a serum 25(OH)D level of 20 to 29 ng/mL. The major source of vitamin D in the human body is produced in the skin by a UVB-mediated, photolytic, non-enzymatic reaction that converts 7-dehydrocholesterol to previtamin
D3. Previtamin D3 then undergoes another conversion to vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), which also occurs in the skin. Vitamin D3 can also be obtained from the diet via animal sources and supplements. Another form of vitamin D, vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol), is found in some plants and is commonly produced commercially by irradiation of yeast for supplementation and for-tification in the food supply. Both of these forms of vitamin D un-dergo the same metabolism and are converted to 25(OH)D in the liver. Finally in the kidney, 25(OH)D is hydroxylated to 1,25 dihydroxyvita-min D [1,25(OH)2D], the biological-ly active form of vitamin D, which increases calcium absorption, and acts on the osteoblasts and osteo-clasts in bone to mobilize calcium. This last step in the process is regulated primarily by serum para-thyroid hormone (PTH), as well as low serum calcium or phosphorus levels.
Research suggests vitamin D3 is a prohormone rather than a vitamin. In addition to increasing calcium absorption and mobiliza-tion, new information suggests the activated hormone 1,25(OH)2D plays other non-calcemic roles in intracellular biological reactions. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a phosphoprotein member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that can be affected by glucocorticoids, estrogens, retinoids, and cell prolif-eration rates. Vitamin D and VDR have shown important roles in im-mune, cardiovascular, reproductive systems and in hair growth. Serum 1,25(OH)2D has been found to
control more than 200 genes in the body that regulate cellular prolif-eration, differentiation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis.
Some reports have estimated over a billion people worldwide have vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) report that from 2001 to 2006 an estimated one-quarter of Americans were at risk of vitamin D inadequacy [serum 25(OH)D of 30 to 49 nmol/L or 11 to 20 ng/mL], and 8 percent were at risk of vitamin D deficiency [serum 25(OH)D less than 30 nmol/L or less than 10 ng/mL]. The prevalence was lower in younger, male, or non-Hispanic white indi-viduals. Among women, the preva-lence was also lower in pregnant or lactating females. Risk factors for vitamin D deficiency include age greater than 65 years, babies breastfed exclusively without vita-min D supplementation, dark skin, insufficient sunlight exposure, medication use that alters vitamin D metabolism (such as anticonvul-sants or glucocorticoids), obesity (BMI greater than 30 kg/m2), and a sedentary lifestyle.
In light of this information, researchers have begun to ask the question, “Is vitamin D the rea-son for the racial disparities seen across a variety of disease states?” For example, the NHANES data from 2001 to 2006 suggest subopti-mal vitamin D status may contrib-ute to racial disparity in albumin-uria due to an inverse relationship between 25(OH)D levels and albu-minuria. Other observational stud-
Corporate contributions and contributions by foreign nationals are prohibited. Individuals may contribute a maximum of $5,200 to the campaign- $2,600 for the primary election and $2,600 for the general election. PACS may contribute $10,000 to the campaign - $5,000 for the primary election and $5,000 for the general election. Federal law requires us to
use our best efforts to collect and report the name, mailing address, occupation, and name of employer of each individual whose aggregate contributions exceed $200 in an election cycle.
REAL SOLUTIONS. CONSERVATIVE PRINCIPLES.
There is not a singlePharmacist serving in Congress. It’s time to change that. Please support Buddy Carter R.Ph for Congress. buddycarterforcongress.com/donate/
With all of the major changes taking place in the health care industry, now more than ever, we pharmacists must have our voices heard.
SUPPORT BUDDY CARTER R.Ph FOR CONGRESS
PAID FOR BY BUDDY CARTER FOR CONGRESSCARLTON HODGES, TREASURER
The Georgia Pharmacy Journal22 23The Georgia Pharmacy Journal
ies have shown vitamin D levels to be lower in African Americans than White Americans with worse disease outcomes for those with cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, end-stage renal disease, and all-cause mortality. It has been shown that African Americans have a mean serum 25(OH)D level of 16 ng/mL, while White Ameri-cans have a level of 26 ng/mL. The African American population has a higher rate of obesity. Because vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin, heavier individuals may require more, which could be a confound-ing explanation of the lower serum 25(OH)D levels.
Additional data from NHANES III, as well as the mortality data from the National Death Index, has also been consistent with the hypothesis that vitamin D defi-ciency contributes to increased African American mortality from colorectal cancer. Although there is limited evidence, vitamin D may play a role in higher rates of pre-term birth in the African American population due to the active form serving as a key modulator of im-mune response, and as a potent regulator of placental immunity.
Lastly, there is a higher preva-lence of hypertension among Afri-can American individuals versus Caucasians, and in a recent cross-sectional analysis serum 25(OH)D levels explained one-quarter of the disparity in systolic blood pressure. It is important to recognize these racial disparities, especially among the African American population, in order to properly screen patients for deficiency.
Vitamin D Deficiency and Non-Skeletal Disease
Diabetes Due to vitamin D’s effect on more than 200 genes in the body, vita-min D has been linked to various non-skeletal diseases in multiple epidemiological studies. Data has established a link between vita-min D deficiency and an increased incidence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Calcium intake has
evidence demonstrating an inverse relationship to incidence of meta-bolic syndrome and diabetes.
There is evidence that sug-gests vitamin D influences beta cell function directly, and may make beta cells more resistant to types of cellular stress due to vitamin D receptors present on beta cells in the pancreas. A significant in-creased risk of type 2 diabetes has been reported among persons with serum 25(OH)D levels below 30 ng/mL (after adjustments for BMI and percent body fat.) A European study also showed evidence of vita-min D supplementation decreasing the risk of type 1 diabetes. Other small population studies in type 1 diabetic patients have shown sup-plementation improved glycemic control, although there is mixed evidence regarding improvement in type 2 diabetic patients. Other small trials have shown evidence for increased insulin secretion and decreased hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients supplemented with vitamin D. There are currently multiple on-going trials regarding this topic.
In addition to glycemic control in diabetes, vitamin D has also been linked in one study to compli-cations such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy. In this small study of 210 type 2 diabetic patients with or without diabetic peripheral neuropathy, vitamin D was as-sessed. Eighty-seven patients had diabetic peripheral neuropathy with a significantly longer duration of diabetes and higher HbA1c than those without. The mean serum 25(OH)D level was significantly lower in individuals with neuro-pathy, and there were signifi-cant correlations between serum 25(OH)D levels and total choles-terol, LDL-cholesterol and urine microalbumin:creatinine ratio. This data suggests vitamin D deficiency may be an independent risk factor for diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Cardiovascular DiseaseAdding to the increased risk of metabolic syndrome and diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has
been linked in epidemiological studies to vitamin D deficiency. A few studies in relation to endothe-lial dysfunction have shown sta-tistically significant improvement in arterial stiffness compared to placebo when supplemented with vitamin D. Vitamin D supplemen-tation has also been shown to have a beneficial effect on elastic proper-ties of the arterial wall in a ran-domized placebo-controlled inter-vention study in post-menopausal women.
Epidemiological studies also suggest that low levels of serum 25(OH)D are associated with an in-creased risk of CVD and mortality. There is expression of VDR in the heart and blood vessels, which sug-gests a role of vitamin D in the car-diovascular system. VDR-knockout mice suffer from CVD, and various experimental studies suggest car-diovascular protection by vitamin D. A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis report displayed increased rates of hypertension in individuals who tested for lower levels of 25(OH)D, which started at 40 ng/mL. The odds ratio was 2.7 for vitamin D levels less than 15 ng/mL, 2.0 from 15 to 30 ng/mL, and 1.3 for 30 to 39 ng/mL.
A few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) looking at CVD events as a secondary outcome have found a moderate reduc-tion in CVD risk (not shown to be statistically significant) using exclusive vitamin D supplementa-tion. Further studies are being explored, such as the VITAL Study, in which researchers have enrolled 20,000 men and women across the U.S. to investigate whether tak-ing daily dietary supplements of vitamin D3 (2,000 IU or placebo) or omega-3 fatty acids (Omacor® fish oil/EPA+DHA [1 gm/840 mg] or placebo) reduces the risk for de-veloping cancer, heart disease, and stroke in persons who do not have a prior history of these illnesses.
DepressionPsychological conditions, such as depression and seasonal affective disorder (SAD), have also been
linked to vitamin D deficiency.An RCT of overweight and obese patients with depression compared 20,000 IU or 40,000 IU of vitamin D supplementation with placebo weekly for one year. Both groups with vitamin D supplementation had improved BECK depression scores from baseline, but the pla-cebo groups did not. This trial did exclude patients on antidepressant medications. Gloth et al. studied vitamin D deficiency in SAD, and in this small trial of 15 patients, eight received vitamin D therapy and seven received ultraviolet light therapy. All had improved vitamin D status (74 percent in the vitamin D group; 36 percent in the ultravio-let light therapy group). Vitamin D level improvements in this study were also significantly associated with improvements in depression scores. Available evidence does not definitively demonstrate that vitamin D deficiency is a cause of or risk for developing depression, or that vitamin D is an effective therapy for depression. Infectious DiseaseThere is additional evidence that vitamin D is required for the ex-pression of cathelicidin by macro-phages, which is involved in killing bacteria. Most data about vitamin D and infectious disease surrounds tuberculosis (TB). A meta-analysis of seven observational studies found a higher risk of tuberculosis in those with the lowest vitamin D levels, although supplementation with vitamin D in one trial did not improve TB treatment outcomes. However, in this particular trial, the dose of 100,000 IU of vitamin D at zero, three and eight months may have been subtherapeutic in regard to treatment, since serum 25(OH)D levels did not differ from placebo. Ginde et al. also dem-onstrated that the prevalence of upper respiratory tract infections in the NHANES III population in-creased significantly as the serum 25(OH)D levels dropped, regardless of the season of the year, and was greatest during the winter when 25(OH)D levels were lowest.
AsthmaEvidence continues to reveal that vitamin D may also play a role in asthma. Vitamin D receptors are also located on lung bronchial smooth muscle cells, mast cells, den-dritic cells and regulatory T-cells. Vitamin D then inhibits cytokine synthesis and release, decreases in-flammation, and inhibits bronchial smooth muscle cell proliferation and remodeling. Vitamin D can also enhance interleukin-10 synthesis, which is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine.
In addition, evidence demon-strated that men and women with serum 25(OH)D levels above 35 ng/mL had a 176 mL increase in forced-expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). Children of women who had vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy were shown to be at an increased risk of wheezing illnesses. A small study of 86 children also revealed there were lower serum 25(OH)D levels in children with severe, therapy-resistant asthma, which were associated with in-creased airway smooth muscle masses, and worsened asthma control and lung function (p<0.001). Data on asthma in the literature is growing, and researchers have hypothesized that vitamin D supple-mentation may improve asthma control, but there are limited prospective studies to confirm this hypothesis.
CancerCarcinomas have also been linked to vitamin D deficiency and insuf-ficiency in recent literature. A meta-analysis of case-control studies assessing serum 25(OH)D levels has shown for each 20 ng/mL increase in serum 25(OH)D levels, odds of colon cancer were reduced by more than 40 percent. One large RCT sought to determine if supplementation of 400 IU per day plus calcium had an effect on the incidence of colon cancer. There was no significant ef-fect seen, as concentrations of serum 25(OH)D were measured at baseline but not during follow-up. Thus, it was difficult to determine if the dose even increased deficient levels.
Due to colon cancer’s long latency period, a trial length of only eight years could have been a significant limitation to the study.
Other forms of cancer, such as breast cancer, have also been linked to vitamin D deficiency. A meta-analysis of vitamin D and the prevention of breast cancer found a 45 percent decrease in breast cancer for those in the highest quartile of circulating 25(OH)D of 60 nmol/L (about 24 ng/mL) com-pared with the lowest. A limitation with breast cancer and vitamin D research is that obesity can be a confounding factor that is difficult to separate.
Other cancers, such as prostate cancer and pancreatic cancer, have been reviewed as well. The most recent meta-analysis for the U.S. Preventative Services Task Force suggests evidence is not sufficiently robust to draw conclusions regard-ing the benefit or harm of vitamin D supplementation for the preven-tion of cancer.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)Supplementation and treatment deficiency guidelines in CKD vary depending upon serum 25(OH)D levels and stage of CKD, and are discussed in the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) Clinical Practice Guide-lines for Bone Metabolism and Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease. There have been recent reports demonstrating these guidelines may be outdated and not adequate. A recent review by Melamed et al. in the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology provides detailed information on recent studies done in CKD and on-going studies in vitamin D therapy for CKD.
Overall MortalityIn addition to individual disease processes, the role of vitamin D deficiency in overall mortality has been studied and prospective observational data in older adults suggest a 45 percent lower risk of overall mortality in those with serum 25(OH)D levels greater than
The Georgia Pharmacy Journal22 23The Georgia Pharmacy Journal
ies have shown vitamin D levels to be lower in African Americans than White Americans with worse disease outcomes for those with cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, end-stage renal disease, and all-cause mortality. It has been shown that African Americans have a mean serum 25(OH)D level of 16 ng/mL, while White Ameri-cans have a level of 26 ng/mL. The African American population has a higher rate of obesity. Because vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin, heavier individuals may require more, which could be a confound-ing explanation of the lower serum 25(OH)D levels.
Additional data from NHANES III, as well as the mortality data from the National Death Index, has also been consistent with the hypothesis that vitamin D defi-ciency contributes to increased African American mortality from colorectal cancer. Although there is limited evidence, vitamin D may play a role in higher rates of pre-term birth in the African American population due to the active form serving as a key modulator of im-mune response, and as a potent regulator of placental immunity.
Lastly, there is a higher preva-lence of hypertension among Afri-can American individuals versus Caucasians, and in a recent cross-sectional analysis serum 25(OH)D levels explained one-quarter of the disparity in systolic blood pressure. It is important to recognize these racial disparities, especially among the African American population, in order to properly screen patients for deficiency.
Vitamin D Deficiency and Non-Skeletal Disease
Diabetes Due to vitamin D’s effect on more than 200 genes in the body, vita-min D has been linked to various non-skeletal diseases in multiple epidemiological studies. Data has established a link between vita-min D deficiency and an increased incidence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Calcium intake has
evidence demonstrating an inverse relationship to incidence of meta-bolic syndrome and diabetes.
There is evidence that sug-gests vitamin D influences beta cell function directly, and may make beta cells more resistant to types of cellular stress due to vitamin D receptors present on beta cells in the pancreas. A significant in-creased risk of type 2 diabetes has been reported among persons with serum 25(OH)D levels below 30 ng/mL (after adjustments for BMI and percent body fat.) A European study also showed evidence of vita-min D supplementation decreasing the risk of type 1 diabetes. Other small population studies in type 1 diabetic patients have shown sup-plementation improved glycemic control, although there is mixed evidence regarding improvement in type 2 diabetic patients. Other small trials have shown evidence for increased insulin secretion and decreased hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients supplemented with vitamin D. There are currently multiple on-going trials regarding this topic.
In addition to glycemic control in diabetes, vitamin D has also been linked in one study to compli-cations such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy. In this small study of 210 type 2 diabetic patients with or without diabetic peripheral neuropathy, vitamin D was as-sessed. Eighty-seven patients had diabetic peripheral neuropathy with a significantly longer duration of diabetes and higher HbA1c than those without. The mean serum 25(OH)D level was significantly lower in individuals with neuro-pathy, and there were signifi-cant correlations between serum 25(OH)D levels and total choles-terol, LDL-cholesterol and urine microalbumin:creatinine ratio. This data suggests vitamin D deficiency may be an independent risk factor for diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Cardiovascular DiseaseAdding to the increased risk of metabolic syndrome and diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has
been linked in epidemiological studies to vitamin D deficiency. A few studies in relation to endothe-lial dysfunction have shown sta-tistically significant improvement in arterial stiffness compared to placebo when supplemented with vitamin D. Vitamin D supplemen-tation has also been shown to have a beneficial effect on elastic proper-ties of the arterial wall in a ran-domized placebo-controlled inter-vention study in post-menopausal women.
Epidemiological studies also suggest that low levels of serum 25(OH)D are associated with an in-creased risk of CVD and mortality. There is expression of VDR in the heart and blood vessels, which sug-gests a role of vitamin D in the car-diovascular system. VDR-knockout mice suffer from CVD, and various experimental studies suggest car-diovascular protection by vitamin D. A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis report displayed increased rates of hypertension in individuals who tested for lower levels of 25(OH)D, which started at 40 ng/mL. The odds ratio was 2.7 for vitamin D levels less than 15 ng/mL, 2.0 from 15 to 30 ng/mL, and 1.3 for 30 to 39 ng/mL.
A few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) looking at CVD events as a secondary outcome have found a moderate reduc-tion in CVD risk (not shown to be statistically significant) using exclusive vitamin D supplementa-tion. Further studies are being explored, such as the VITAL Study, in which researchers have enrolled 20,000 men and women across the U.S. to investigate whether tak-ing daily dietary supplements of vitamin D3 (2,000 IU or placebo) or omega-3 fatty acids (Omacor® fish oil/EPA+DHA [1 gm/840 mg] or placebo) reduces the risk for de-veloping cancer, heart disease, and stroke in persons who do not have a prior history of these illnesses.
DepressionPsychological conditions, such as depression and seasonal affective disorder (SAD), have also been
linked to vitamin D deficiency.An RCT of overweight and obese patients with depression compared 20,000 IU or 40,000 IU of vitamin D supplementation with placebo weekly for one year. Both groups with vitamin D supplementation had improved BECK depression scores from baseline, but the pla-cebo groups did not. This trial did exclude patients on antidepressant medications. Gloth et al. studied vitamin D deficiency in SAD, and in this small trial of 15 patients, eight received vitamin D therapy and seven received ultraviolet light therapy. All had improved vitamin D status (74 percent in the vitamin D group; 36 percent in the ultravio-let light therapy group). Vitamin D level improvements in this study were also significantly associated with improvements in depression scores. Available evidence does not definitively demonstrate that vitamin D deficiency is a cause of or risk for developing depression, or that vitamin D is an effective therapy for depression. Infectious DiseaseThere is additional evidence that vitamin D is required for the ex-pression of cathelicidin by macro-phages, which is involved in killing bacteria. Most data about vitamin D and infectious disease surrounds tuberculosis (TB). A meta-analysis of seven observational studies found a higher risk of tuberculosis in those with the lowest vitamin D levels, although supplementation with vitamin D in one trial did not improve TB treatment outcomes. However, in this particular trial, the dose of 100,000 IU of vitamin D at zero, three and eight months may have been subtherapeutic in regard to treatment, since serum 25(OH)D levels did not differ from placebo. Ginde et al. also dem-onstrated that the prevalence of upper respiratory tract infections in the NHANES III population in-creased significantly as the serum 25(OH)D levels dropped, regardless of the season of the year, and was greatest during the winter when 25(OH)D levels were lowest.
AsthmaEvidence continues to reveal that vitamin D may also play a role in asthma. Vitamin D receptors are also located on lung bronchial smooth muscle cells, mast cells, den-dritic cells and regulatory T-cells. Vitamin D then inhibits cytokine synthesis and release, decreases in-flammation, and inhibits bronchial smooth muscle cell proliferation and remodeling. Vitamin D can also enhance interleukin-10 synthesis, which is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine.
In addition, evidence demon-strated that men and women with serum 25(OH)D levels above 35 ng/mL had a 176 mL increase in forced-expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). Children of women who had vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy were shown to be at an increased risk of wheezing illnesses. A small study of 86 children also revealed there were lower serum 25(OH)D levels in children with severe, therapy-resistant asthma, which were associated with in-creased airway smooth muscle masses, and worsened asthma control and lung function (p<0.001). Data on asthma in the literature is growing, and researchers have hypothesized that vitamin D supple-mentation may improve asthma control, but there are limited prospective studies to confirm this hypothesis.
CancerCarcinomas have also been linked to vitamin D deficiency and insuf-ficiency in recent literature. A meta-analysis of case-control studies assessing serum 25(OH)D levels has shown for each 20 ng/mL increase in serum 25(OH)D levels, odds of colon cancer were reduced by more than 40 percent. One large RCT sought to determine if supplementation of 400 IU per day plus calcium had an effect on the incidence of colon cancer. There was no significant ef-fect seen, as concentrations of serum 25(OH)D were measured at baseline but not during follow-up. Thus, it was difficult to determine if the dose even increased deficient levels.
Due to colon cancer’s long latency period, a trial length of only eight years could have been a significant limitation to the study.
Other forms of cancer, such as breast cancer, have also been linked to vitamin D deficiency. A meta-analysis of vitamin D and the prevention of breast cancer found a 45 percent decrease in breast cancer for those in the highest quartile of circulating 25(OH)D of 60 nmol/L (about 24 ng/mL) com-pared with the lowest. A limitation with breast cancer and vitamin D research is that obesity can be a confounding factor that is difficult to separate.
Other cancers, such as prostate cancer and pancreatic cancer, have been reviewed as well. The most recent meta-analysis for the U.S. Preventative Services Task Force suggests evidence is not sufficiently robust to draw conclusions regard-ing the benefit or harm of vitamin D supplementation for the preven-tion of cancer.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)Supplementation and treatment deficiency guidelines in CKD vary depending upon serum 25(OH)D levels and stage of CKD, and are discussed in the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) Clinical Practice Guide-lines for Bone Metabolism and Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease. There have been recent reports demonstrating these guidelines may be outdated and not adequate. A recent review by Melamed et al. in the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology provides detailed information on recent studies done in CKD and on-going studies in vitamin D therapy for CKD.
Overall MortalityIn addition to individual disease processes, the role of vitamin D deficiency in overall mortality has been studied and prospective observational data in older adults suggest a 45 percent lower risk of overall mortality in those with serum 25(OH)D levels greater than
The Georgia Pharmacy Journal24 25The Georgia Pharmacy Journal
40 ng/mL compared with those less than 10 ng/mL (HR 0.55; 95 percent CI, 0.34-0.88). The NHANES III Database also shows an increase in adjusted all-cause mortality as se-rum 25(OH)D levels fall to less than 30 ng/mL, especially in women, as well as peak protection from death with a 25(OH)D level in the 35 to 40 ng/mL range.
Most of the increase in all-cause mortality from this evidence can be accredited to cardiovascular deaths. Although epidemiological studies have shown links to vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, this information must be taken lightly due to the fact there is no cause and effect relationship. It is not known whether the vitamin D deficiency happened first or second. Vitamin D may also be a surrogate marker for poor health status because it reflects an inability to get outdoors for ultra-violet B exposure due to comorbid conditions or poor exercise toler-ance. A recent study by Dror et al. has suggested there might actually be a nonlinear association between vitamin D levels and cardiovascular mortality. They found that vitamin D levels in the 20 to 36 ng/mL range were associated with the lowest risk for mortality and morbidity, and the hazard ratio below and above this range increased significantly. This is controversial due to the popular belief that the more vitamin D, the better. Limitations to this study were the small sample size and a
primarily Israeli population. Continued interest in vitamin
D and the non-calcemic mecha-nisms have led to trials such as the VITAL Study mentioned earlier. More information from both this study and other large scale stud-ies will be needed to determine if supplementation can improve chronic disease states.
Screening for Vitamin D DeficiencyAt the time of writing this lesson, screening for vitamin D deficiency is not recommended for everyone.Screening should only be per-formed in individuals thought to be at risk. Individuals at risk for vita-min D deficiency typically include those at risk for (1) bone disorders (rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporo-sis), (2) chronic kidney disease, (3) hepatic failure, (4) malabsorption syndromes, (5) hyperparathyroid-ism, (6) granuloma-forming disor-ders and (7) some lymphomas; (8) patients on certain medications (antiseizure medications, gluco-corticoids, AIDS medications, antifungals, and cholestyramine), (9) African American and Hispanic children and adults, (10) pregnant and lactating women, (11) older adults with history of falls or non-traumatic fractures, (12) obese children and adults.
Recommended Dosing for Prevention and TreatmentProper prevention and treatment recommendations for patient popula-tions are dependent upon age, dis-ease states and conditions. To moni-tor vitamin D levels, most organiza-tions recommend using the serum 25(OH)D. A serum 1,25(OH)2D level is not recommended unless there are certain conditions present, such as acquired and inherited disorders of vitamin D and phosphate metabo-lism. Serum 25(OH)D is considered the best measure of vitamin D status in patients at the time of writing this lesson due to serum 25(OH)-D’s half-life of approximately three weeks, and its ability to assess both nutritional intake and skin synthe-sis of vitamin D. Differing recommendations exist for the definition of serum 25(OH)-D deficiency and insufficiency. The most recent clinical practice guide-lines from the Endocrine Society in July 2011 state adequate serum 25(OH)D levels should be at or above 30 ng/mL. A serum 25(OH)D level below 20 ng/mL and between 21 and 29 ng/mL is defined as deficiency and insufficiency, respectively. The National Osteoporosis Foundation also recommends serum 25(OH)-D levels be at the desired level of at least 30 ng/mL. On the other hand, the Institute of Medicine has recommended a serum 25(OH)D level above 20 ng/mL for good bone health, but has defined deficiency as serum 25(OH)D levels below 12 ng/mL and inadequate levels with serum 25(OH)D of 12 to 20 ng/mL. Table 1 includes recommendations of the Institute of Medicine and the Endocrinology Society for vitamin D dosing to prevent deficiency.
Due to changes in society and occupational transformations over the past few decades, vitamin D de-ficiency today often results from lack of exposure to sunlight or decreased consumption of vitamin D-fortified milk. The dosage range for vitamin D supplementation recommenda-tions differ among organizations and experts. Vitamin D deficiency and supplementation is a very expansive topic at this time with numerous
Table 1Recommendations for vitamin D intake
to prevent deficiency
Institute of Medicine Endocrinology Society Age/ Recommended Upper Limit Recommended Upper LimitCondition Intake (IU/day) (IU/day) Intake (IU/day) (IU/day) 0-6 months 400 1,000 400 2,0006-12 months 400 1,500 400 2,0001-3 years 600 2,500 600 4,0004-8 years 600 3,000 600 4,0009-18 years 600 4,000 600 4,00019-50 years 600 4,000 600 10,00051-70 years 600 4,000 600 10,000>70 years 800 4,000 800 10,000Pregnancy 600 4,000 600 10,000Lactation 600 4,000 600 10,000
studies and controversies. There-fore, in this lesson, the ranges discussed below are from recent guideline recommendations for pre-vention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency for pediatrics, adults, pregnant and lactating females, and obese adults.
Infants and ChildrenFor prevention of deficiency, in-fants up to one year of age require at least 400 IU/day of vitamin D. Colostrum and human breast milk contain low amounts of vitamin D. Breastfed infants, even if being supplemented with formula, should be supplemented with 400 IU/day of vitamin D beginning in the first few days of life; this should con-tinue until the infant is weaned to at least 1,000 mL/day of formula. Infants receiving >1,000 mL of formula per day should be receiv-ing the recommended 400 IU/day of vitamin D in the formula; there-fore, they do not need to be supple-mented until formula intake falls below this threshold. As infants are weaned from breastfeeding or formula, vitamin D-fortified milk (after one year of age) or vitamin supplements should be encouraged to provide 400 IU/day of vitamin D.
The recommendation for chil-dren one to 18 years of age is 600 IU/day of vitamin D. For treatment of deficiency in infants up to one year of age and children one to 18 years, the suggested dose is 2,000 IU/day of vitamin D for six weeks, or 50,000 IU once weekly for six weeks to achieve a serum 25(OH)D level above 30 ng/mL. After this level is achieved, main-tenance therapy of 400 to 1,000 IU/day of vitamin D to promote opti-mal bone health is recommended for infants up to one year of age, and 600 to 1,000 IU/day for chil-dren one to 18 years of age.
AdultsIn adults, the recommended vita-min D intake to maximize bone health and muscle function is at least 600 IU/day and 800 IU/day for adults aged 19 to 70 and 70 or more years, respectively. The
National Osteoporosis Founda-tion recommends a higher dos-age of 800 to 1,000 IU/day for all adults aged 50 or older. Treatment recommendations for vitamin D deficiency in adults are 6,000 IU/day of vitamin D or 50,000 IU once a week for eight weeks, to achieve a serum 25(OH)D level above 30 ng/mL. Once achieved, this should be maintained by using 1,500 to 2,000 IU/day of vitamin D. It has also been shown that 50,000 IU of vitamin D2 once every other week allowed serum 25(OH)D levels to be maintained at 35 to 50 ng/mL without toxicity. Nursing home residents have also used 50,000 IU of vitamin D2 three times per week for one month, or 100,000 IU every four months.
Obese IndividualsDue to the body’s ability to store the fat-soluble vitamin D in adi-pose tissue, the recommended dose of vitamin D for obese adults (BMI >30 kg/m2) should be at least two to three times the amount that is typically recommended for the individual’s age group. Previously, to prevent vitamin D deficiency in obese individuals, recommenda-tions have been to provide 1,000 to 2,000 IU/day or 50,000 IU vitamin D every one, two or four weeks to achieve serum 25(OH)D levels of at least 30 ng/mL. Treatment of vitamin D deficiency could require at least 6,000 to 10,000 IU/day to maintain a serum 25(OH)D level above 30 ng/mL. Another treat-ment recommendation would be to provide 50,000 IU of vitamin D every week for eight to 12 weeks, and then repeat for another eight to 12 weeks if serum 25(OH)D is found to be less than 30 ng/mL.
Pregnant and Lactating WomenFor pregnant and lactating fe-males, vitamin D deficiency can be common, notably in high-risk women, including vegetarians, women with limited sun exposure, and ethnic minorities (especially with darker skin). Deficiency has also been shown to be linked to developing preeclampsia, gesta-
tional diabetes, and cesarean section delivery.
Also, vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women has shown an increased risk of babies with lower birth weight for their gestational age and for development of disease in the future. Vitamin D supple-mentation is also very important to help prevent childhood rickets and osteomalacia in pregnant women. Recommendations for both pregnant and lactating females for vitamin D supplementation are at least 600 IU/day. Supplementing above the recommended 400 IU/day in most prenatal vitamins has not been studied extensively. There is insuffi-cient evidence at this time to screen all pregnant women for vitamin D deficiency, unless there is concern.
The Endocrine Society recom-mends that serum 25(OH)D levels should be maintained at 30 ng/mL or above, and that the 1,000 to 2,000 IU/day of vitamin D needed to reach this level is considered safe by most experts. A recent study by Hollis et al. concluded that for all women, regardless of race, 4,000 IU/day of vitamin D is a safe and effective way to raise 25(OH)D levels to achieve sufficiency. In this study, pregnant women were randomized to receive either placebo, 400 IU/day, 2,000 IU/day, or 4,000 IU/day depending on baseline 25(OH)D levels. The pri-mary outcome one month prior and at delivery was statistically different between each group, with the pa-tients receiving 4,000 IU/day at the highest mean 25(OH)D level. Half of the mothers who received 400 IU/day met a secondary outcome with serum 25(OH)D levels >32 ng/mL prior to delivery. In all groups, im-provement of vitamin D status came without toxicity or adverse events. Women with serum 25(OH)D levels greater than 40 ng/mL at the initial visit were not included in the 4,000 IU/day group. Thus, it is difficult to extrapolate this data to all females without testing baseline serum 25(OH)D levels. Supplementation with vitamin D was not used during the first 12 weeks of gestation; thus data cannot speak to the safety of these regimens during the first tri-
The Georgia Pharmacy Journal24 25The Georgia Pharmacy Journal
40 ng/mL compared with those less than 10 ng/mL (HR 0.55; 95 percent CI, 0.34-0.88). The NHANES III Database also shows an increase in adjusted all-cause mortality as se-rum 25(OH)D levels fall to less than 30 ng/mL, especially in women, as well as peak protection from death with a 25(OH)D level in the 35 to 40 ng/mL range.
Most of the increase in all-cause mortality from this evidence can be accredited to cardiovascular deaths. Although epidemiological studies have shown links to vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, this information must be taken lightly due to the fact there is no cause and effect relationship. It is not known whether the vitamin D deficiency happened first or second. Vitamin D may also be a surrogate marker for poor health status because it reflects an inability to get outdoors for ultra-violet B exposure due to comorbid conditions or poor exercise toler-ance. A recent study by Dror et al. has suggested there might actually be a nonlinear association between vitamin D levels and cardiovascular mortality. They found that vitamin D levels in the 20 to 36 ng/mL range were associated with the lowest risk for mortality and morbidity, and the hazard ratio below and above this range increased significantly. This is controversial due to the popular belief that the more vitamin D, the better. Limitations to this study were the small sample size and a
primarily Israeli population. Continued interest in vitamin
D and the non-calcemic mecha-nisms have led to trials such as the VITAL Study mentioned earlier. More information from both this study and other large scale stud-ies will be needed to determine if supplementation can improve chronic disease states.
Screening for Vitamin D DeficiencyAt the time of writing this lesson, screening for vitamin D deficiency is not recommended for everyone.Screening should only be per-formed in individuals thought to be at risk. Individuals at risk for vita-min D deficiency typically include those at risk for (1) bone disorders (rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporo-sis), (2) chronic kidney disease, (3) hepatic failure, (4) malabsorption syndromes, (5) hyperparathyroid-ism, (6) granuloma-forming disor-ders and (7) some lymphomas; (8) patients on certain medications (antiseizure medications, gluco-corticoids, AIDS medications, antifungals, and cholestyramine), (9) African American and Hispanic children and adults, (10) pregnant and lactating women, (11) older adults with history of falls or non-traumatic fractures, (12) obese children and adults.
Recommended Dosing for Prevention and TreatmentProper prevention and treatment recommendations for patient popula-tions are dependent upon age, dis-ease states and conditions. To moni-tor vitamin D levels, most organiza-tions recommend using the serum 25(OH)D. A serum 1,25(OH)2D level is not recommended unless there are certain conditions present, such as acquired and inherited disorders of vitamin D and phosphate metabo-lism. Serum 25(OH)D is considered the best measure of vitamin D status in patients at the time of writing this lesson due to serum 25(OH)-D’s half-life of approximately three weeks, and its ability to assess both nutritional intake and skin synthe-sis of vitamin D. Differing recommendations exist for the definition of serum 25(OH)-D deficiency and insufficiency. The most recent clinical practice guide-lines from the Endocrine Society in July 2011 state adequate serum 25(OH)D levels should be at or above 30 ng/mL. A serum 25(OH)D level below 20 ng/mL and between 21 and 29 ng/mL is defined as deficiency and insufficiency, respectively. The National Osteoporosis Foundation also recommends serum 25(OH)-D levels be at the desired level of at least 30 ng/mL. On the other hand, the Institute of Medicine has recommended a serum 25(OH)D level above 20 ng/mL for good bone health, but has defined deficiency as serum 25(OH)D levels below 12 ng/mL and inadequate levels with serum 25(OH)D of 12 to 20 ng/mL. Table 1 includes recommendations of the Institute of Medicine and the Endocrinology Society for vitamin D dosing to prevent deficiency.
Due to changes in society and occupational transformations over the past few decades, vitamin D de-ficiency today often results from lack of exposure to sunlight or decreased consumption of vitamin D-fortified milk. The dosage range for vitamin D supplementation recommenda-tions differ among organizations and experts. Vitamin D deficiency and supplementation is a very expansive topic at this time with numerous
Table 1Recommendations for vitamin D intake
to prevent deficiency
Institute of Medicine Endocrinology Society Age/ Recommended Upper Limit Recommended Upper LimitCondition Intake (IU/day) (IU/day) Intake (IU/day) (IU/day) 0-6 months 400 1,000 400 2,0006-12 months 400 1,500 400 2,0001-3 years 600 2,500 600 4,0004-8 years 600 3,000 600 4,0009-18 years 600 4,000 600 4,00019-50 years 600 4,000 600 10,00051-70 years 600 4,000 600 10,000>70 years 800 4,000 800 10,000Pregnancy 600 4,000 600 10,000Lactation 600 4,000 600 10,000
studies and controversies. There-fore, in this lesson, the ranges discussed below are from recent guideline recommendations for pre-vention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency for pediatrics, adults, pregnant and lactating females, and obese adults.
Infants and ChildrenFor prevention of deficiency, in-fants up to one year of age require at least 400 IU/day of vitamin D. Colostrum and human breast milk contain low amounts of vitamin D. Breastfed infants, even if being supplemented with formula, should be supplemented with 400 IU/day of vitamin D beginning in the first few days of life; this should con-tinue until the infant is weaned to at least 1,000 mL/day of formula. Infants receiving >1,000 mL of formula per day should be receiv-ing the recommended 400 IU/day of vitamin D in the formula; there-fore, they do not need to be supple-mented until formula intake falls below this threshold. As infants are weaned from breastfeeding or formula, vitamin D-fortified milk (after one year of age) or vitamin supplements should be encouraged to provide 400 IU/day of vitamin D.
The recommendation for chil-dren one to 18 years of age is 600 IU/day of vitamin D. For treatment of deficiency in infants up to one year of age and children one to 18 years, the suggested dose is 2,000 IU/day of vitamin D for six weeks, or 50,000 IU once weekly for six weeks to achieve a serum 25(OH)D level above 30 ng/mL. After this level is achieved, main-tenance therapy of 400 to 1,000 IU/day of vitamin D to promote opti-mal bone health is recommended for infants up to one year of age, and 600 to 1,000 IU/day for chil-dren one to 18 years of age.
AdultsIn adults, the recommended vita-min D intake to maximize bone health and muscle function is at least 600 IU/day and 800 IU/day for adults aged 19 to 70 and 70 or more years, respectively. The
National Osteoporosis Founda-tion recommends a higher dos-age of 800 to 1,000 IU/day for all adults aged 50 or older. Treatment recommendations for vitamin D deficiency in adults are 6,000 IU/day of vitamin D or 50,000 IU once a week for eight weeks, to achieve a serum 25(OH)D level above 30 ng/mL. Once achieved, this should be maintained by using 1,500 to 2,000 IU/day of vitamin D. It has also been shown that 50,000 IU of vitamin D2 once every other week allowed serum 25(OH)D levels to be maintained at 35 to 50 ng/mL without toxicity. Nursing home residents have also used 50,000 IU of vitamin D2 three times per week for one month, or 100,000 IU every four months.
Obese IndividualsDue to the body’s ability to store the fat-soluble vitamin D in adi-pose tissue, the recommended dose of vitamin D for obese adults (BMI >30 kg/m2) should be at least two to three times the amount that is typically recommended for the individual’s age group. Previously, to prevent vitamin D deficiency in obese individuals, recommenda-tions have been to provide 1,000 to 2,000 IU/day or 50,000 IU vitamin D every one, two or four weeks to achieve serum 25(OH)D levels of at least 30 ng/mL. Treatment of vitamin D deficiency could require at least 6,000 to 10,000 IU/day to maintain a serum 25(OH)D level above 30 ng/mL. Another treat-ment recommendation would be to provide 50,000 IU of vitamin D every week for eight to 12 weeks, and then repeat for another eight to 12 weeks if serum 25(OH)D is found to be less than 30 ng/mL.
Pregnant and Lactating WomenFor pregnant and lactating fe-males, vitamin D deficiency can be common, notably in high-risk women, including vegetarians, women with limited sun exposure, and ethnic minorities (especially with darker skin). Deficiency has also been shown to be linked to developing preeclampsia, gesta-
tional diabetes, and cesarean section delivery.
Also, vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women has shown an increased risk of babies with lower birth weight for their gestational age and for development of disease in the future. Vitamin D supple-mentation is also very important to help prevent childhood rickets and osteomalacia in pregnant women. Recommendations for both pregnant and lactating females for vitamin D supplementation are at least 600 IU/day. Supplementing above the recommended 400 IU/day in most prenatal vitamins has not been studied extensively. There is insuffi-cient evidence at this time to screen all pregnant women for vitamin D deficiency, unless there is concern.
The Endocrine Society recom-mends that serum 25(OH)D levels should be maintained at 30 ng/mL or above, and that the 1,000 to 2,000 IU/day of vitamin D needed to reach this level is considered safe by most experts. A recent study by Hollis et al. concluded that for all women, regardless of race, 4,000 IU/day of vitamin D is a safe and effective way to raise 25(OH)D levels to achieve sufficiency. In this study, pregnant women were randomized to receive either placebo, 400 IU/day, 2,000 IU/day, or 4,000 IU/day depending on baseline 25(OH)D levels. The pri-mary outcome one month prior and at delivery was statistically different between each group, with the pa-tients receiving 4,000 IU/day at the highest mean 25(OH)D level. Half of the mothers who received 400 IU/day met a secondary outcome with serum 25(OH)D levels >32 ng/mL prior to delivery. In all groups, im-provement of vitamin D status came without toxicity or adverse events. Women with serum 25(OH)D levels greater than 40 ng/mL at the initial visit were not included in the 4,000 IU/day group. Thus, it is difficult to extrapolate this data to all females without testing baseline serum 25(OH)D levels. Supplementation with vitamin D was not used during the first 12 weeks of gestation; thus data cannot speak to the safety of these regimens during the first tri-
27The Georgia Pharmacy Journal The Georgia Pharmacy Journal26
Program 0129-0000-14-002-H01-PRelease date: 2-15-14
Expiration date: 2-15-17CE Hours: 1.5 (0.15 CEU)
The authors, the Ohio Pharmacists Foundation and the Ohio Pharmacists Association disclaim any liability to you or your patients resulting from reliance solely upon the information contained herein. Bibliography for additional reading and inquiry is available upon request.
This lesson is a knowledge-based CE activity and is targeted to pharmacists in all practice settings.
The Ohio Pharmacists Foundation Inc. is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education as a provider of continuing pharmacy education.
mester. Overall, vitamin D supple-mentation above the recommended dosage during pregnancy should be individualized until further studies are done, especially during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy.
Vitamin D Supplements and Dietary SourcesThe two forms of vitamin D supple-ments available are vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol, plant-derived) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol, fish-derived). Vitamin D3 is the natural form of vitamin D and is chemically similar to what is produced by the skin during sun exposure. Some evidence has shown vitamin D3 to be superior in raising vitamin D levels to sufficient concentrations due to slower metabolism.
Another study reports vitamin D2 and D3 to be equally effective in maintaining vitamin D levels. Dosage forms of vitamin D2 and D3 supplements are available in strengths of 400 IU, 800 IU, 1,000 IU, 2,000 IU, 5,000 IU, 8,000 IU, 10,000 IU, and 50,000 IU as cap-sules, solutions, drops, gummies, and tablets. Few foods provide the needed source of vitamin D, with most averaging vitamin D content between 100 to 200 IU. Dietary sources that are vitamin D-fortified include milk, orange juice, yogurt, margarine, cheeses, some bread products and cereal. Other dietary sources of vitamin D include sword-fish, salmon, tuna, sardines, liver, and egg yolk.
Vitamin D ToxicityToxicity is always a concern with any supplement or medication. Vitamin D toxicity can cause hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, vascular and soft tissue calcifica-tion, nephrolithiasis, and retarded growth and hypercalcemia in infants. There is also emerging evidence that toxicity can contrib-ute to all-cause mortality, selected cancers, cardiovascular risks, falls and fractures. Hypercalcemia is usually the sign of acute toxicity with vitamin D, and has been seen with doses that exceed 10,000 IU/day and 25(OH)D levels above 150
ng/mL. Signs of vitamin D toxic-ity include headache, metallic taste, nephrocalcinosis or vascular calcinosis, pancreatitis, nausea, and vomiting. The tolerable up-per level daily intake set by the Institute of Medicine is 1,000 IU/day for infants up to six months of age, 1,500 IU/day for infants six to 12 months, 2,500 IU/day for one- to three-year-olds, 3,000 IU/day for four- to eight-year-olds, and 4,000 IU/day for anyone nine years of age or older, including pregnant and lactating females. The Endocrine Society Practice Guidelines set the upper tolerable level at 2,000 IU/day for infants up to 12 months, 4,000 IU/day for children one- to 18-years-old, and 10,000 IU/day for all persons aged 19 and over (including pregnant and lactating women).
ConclusionVitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and supplementation have been making headlines worldwide. The body of literature seems to be expanding on a daily basis regarding vitamin D deficiency and treatment. This lesson cer-tainly cannot include all available information regarding vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and treat-ment available. Although much of the information is based on epi-demiological information, there is reason to believe vitamin D may be the missing key for disease states seemingly unrelated to bone and calcemic mechanisms, once thought to be vitamin D’s only role in the human body.
continuing educat ion quiz Vitamin D Deficiency and Treatment
Program 0129-0000-14-002-H01-P0.15 CEU
Please print.
Name________________________________________________
Address_____________________________________________
City, State, Zip______________________________________
Email_______________________________________________
NABP e-Profile ID____________Birthdate_________ (MMDD)
Return quiz and payment (check or money order) to Correspondence Course, OPA,
2674 Federated Blvd, Columbus, OH 43235-4990
Completely fill in the lettered box corresponding to your answer.1. [a] [b] [c] [d] 6. [a] [b] 11. [a] [b] [c] [d] 2. [a] [b] [c] [d] 7. [a] [b] [c] 12. [a] [b] [c] [d] 3. [a] [b] [c] [d] 8. [a] [b] [c] [d] 13. [a] [b] 4. [a] [b] [c] [d] 9. [a] [b] [c] [d] 14. [a] [b] [c] [d] 5. [a] [b] [c] [d] 10. [a] [b] [c] [d] 15. [a] [b] [c] [d]
I am enclosing $5 for this month’s quiz made payable to: Ohio Pharmacists Association.
1. Rate this lesson: (Excellent) 5 4 3 2 1 (Poor)2. Did it meet each of its objectives? yes no If no, list any unmet_______________________________3. Was the content balanced and without commercial bias? yes no4. Did the program meet your educational/practice needs? yes no5. How long did it take you to read this lesson and complete the quiz? ________________ 6. Comments/future topics welcome.
1. Which of the following is the biologically active form of vitamin D? a. Ergocalciferol c. 25(OH)D b. Cholecalciferol d. 1,25(OH)2D 2. Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Sur-veys (NHANES) from 2001 to 2006 report what percentage of Americans were at risk for vitamin D deficiency with a 25(OH)D level less than 10 ng/mL? a. 5 percent c. 15 percent b. 8 percent d. 30 percent
3. Risk factors for vitamin D deficiency include all of the follow-ing EXCEPT: a. obesity. c. insufficient sunlight exposure. b. age >65 years. d. light skin. 4. Which of the following statements is true regarding racial disparities and vitamin D? a. African Americans have a higher serum 25(OH)D level than White Americans. b. Suboptimal vitamin D status may contribute to racial disparity in albuminuria. c. Preterm birth rates have never been associated with de-creased vitamin D levels. d. White Americans have a higher rate of hypertension vs. African Americans which could be related to 25(OH)D levels.
5. Which of the following is true regarding vitamin D and diabetes? a. Vitamin D deficiency has only been linked to type 2 diabe-tes. b. In a small study, mean vitamin D levels were found to be significantly higher in those with extensive peripheral neuropa-thy. c. Evidence suggests vitamin D influences beta cell function directly and may make beta cells more resistant to types of cel-lular stress. d. There is no established relationship between vitamin D and diabetes.
6. Ginde et al. demonstrated that the prevalence of upper respiratory tract infections increased significantly as the serum 25(OH)D levels dropped, regardless of the season of the year. a. True b. False
7. Cancers with potential links to vitamin D deficiency include all of the following EXCEPT: a. breast cancer. c. thyroid cancer. b. colon cancer. 8. What is the recommended daily intake of vitamin D for a 6-year-old? a. 200 IU c. 600 IU b. 400 IU d. 800 IU 9. Most of the data regarding all-cause mortality and vitamin D can be accredited to which of the following? a. Cardiovascular deaths b. Diabetes complication deaths c. End-stage renal disease d. Asthma deaths
10. All of the following individuals could be at risk for vitamin D deficiency and should be screened EXCEPT those: a. with chronic kidney disease. b. on glucocorticoids. c. who are obese. d. with hypoparathyroidism.
11. How much vitamin D supplementation is required per day for a three-month-old receiving both breast milk and approxi-mately 600 mL of formula? a. 200 IU c. 600 IU b. 400 IU d. 800 IU
12. Because vitamin D is fat soluble and stored in adipose tis-sue, the recommended dose for individuals with BMIs >30 kg/m2 is how much greater than typically required for that individual’s age group? a. Should be the same c. Three to four times b. Four to five times d. Two to three times
13. All pregnant women should be screened for vitamin D deficiency. a. True b. False 14. Which of the following is NOT a dietary source of vitamin D? a. Swordfish c. Chicken b. Egg yolk d. Liver
15. Which of the following is NOT a sign of vitamin D toxicity? a. Tachycardia c. Vascular calcinosis b. Metallic taste d. Pancreatitis
To receive CE credit, your quiz must be received no later than Febru-ary 15, 2017. A passing grade of 80% must be attained. CE credit for successfully completed quizzes will be uploaded to the CPE Monitor. CE statements of credit will not be mailed, but can be printed from the CPE Monitor website. Send inquiries to [email protected].
february 2014
27The Georgia Pharmacy Journal The Georgia Pharmacy Journal26
Program 0129-0000-14-002-H01-PRelease date: 2-15-14
Expiration date: 2-15-17CE Hours: 1.5 (0.15 CEU)
The authors, the Ohio Pharmacists Foundation and the Ohio Pharmacists Association disclaim any liability to you or your patients resulting from reliance solely upon the information contained herein. Bibliography for additional reading and inquiry is available upon request.
This lesson is a knowledge-based CE activity and is targeted to pharmacists in all practice settings.
The Ohio Pharmacists Foundation Inc. is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education as a provider of continuing pharmacy education.
mester. Overall, vitamin D supple-mentation above the recommended dosage during pregnancy should be individualized until further studies are done, especially during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy.
Vitamin D Supplements and Dietary SourcesThe two forms of vitamin D supple-ments available are vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol, plant-derived) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol, fish-derived). Vitamin D3 is the natural form of vitamin D and is chemically similar to what is produced by the skin during sun exposure. Some evidence has shown vitamin D3 to be superior in raising vitamin D levels to sufficient concentrations due to slower metabolism.
Another study reports vitamin D2 and D3 to be equally effective in maintaining vitamin D levels. Dosage forms of vitamin D2 and D3 supplements are available in strengths of 400 IU, 800 IU, 1,000 IU, 2,000 IU, 5,000 IU, 8,000 IU, 10,000 IU, and 50,000 IU as cap-sules, solutions, drops, gummies, and tablets. Few foods provide the needed source of vitamin D, with most averaging vitamin D content between 100 to 200 IU. Dietary sources that are vitamin D-fortified include milk, orange juice, yogurt, margarine, cheeses, some bread products and cereal. Other dietary sources of vitamin D include sword-fish, salmon, tuna, sardines, liver, and egg yolk.
Vitamin D ToxicityToxicity is always a concern with any supplement or medication. Vitamin D toxicity can cause hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, vascular and soft tissue calcifica-tion, nephrolithiasis, and retarded growth and hypercalcemia in infants. There is also emerging evidence that toxicity can contrib-ute to all-cause mortality, selected cancers, cardiovascular risks, falls and fractures. Hypercalcemia is usually the sign of acute toxicity with vitamin D, and has been seen with doses that exceed 10,000 IU/day and 25(OH)D levels above 150
ng/mL. Signs of vitamin D toxic-ity include headache, metallic taste, nephrocalcinosis or vascular calcinosis, pancreatitis, nausea, and vomiting. The tolerable up-per level daily intake set by the Institute of Medicine is 1,000 IU/day for infants up to six months of age, 1,500 IU/day for infants six to 12 months, 2,500 IU/day for one- to three-year-olds, 3,000 IU/day for four- to eight-year-olds, and 4,000 IU/day for anyone nine years of age or older, including pregnant and lactating females. The Endocrine Society Practice Guidelines set the upper tolerable level at 2,000 IU/day for infants up to 12 months, 4,000 IU/day for children one- to 18-years-old, and 10,000 IU/day for all persons aged 19 and over (including pregnant and lactating women).
ConclusionVitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and supplementation have been making headlines worldwide. The body of literature seems to be expanding on a daily basis regarding vitamin D deficiency and treatment. This lesson cer-tainly cannot include all available information regarding vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and treat-ment available. Although much of the information is based on epi-demiological information, there is reason to believe vitamin D may be the missing key for disease states seemingly unrelated to bone and calcemic mechanisms, once thought to be vitamin D’s only role in the human body.
continuing educat ion quiz Vitamin D Deficiency and Treatment
Program 0129-0000-14-002-H01-P0.15 CEU
Please print.
Name________________________________________________
Address_____________________________________________
City, State, Zip______________________________________
Email_______________________________________________
NABP e-Profile ID____________Birthdate_________ (MMDD)
Return quiz and payment (check or money order) to Correspondence Course, OPA,
2674 Federated Blvd, Columbus, OH 43235-4990
Completely fill in the lettered box corresponding to your answer.1. [a] [b] [c] [d] 6. [a] [b] 11. [a] [b] [c] [d] 2. [a] [b] [c] [d] 7. [a] [b] [c] 12. [a] [b] [c] [d] 3. [a] [b] [c] [d] 8. [a] [b] [c] [d] 13. [a] [b] 4. [a] [b] [c] [d] 9. [a] [b] [c] [d] 14. [a] [b] [c] [d] 5. [a] [b] [c] [d] 10. [a] [b] [c] [d] 15. [a] [b] [c] [d]
I am enclosing $5 for this month’s quiz made payable to: Ohio Pharmacists Association.
1. Rate this lesson: (Excellent) 5 4 3 2 1 (Poor)2. Did it meet each of its objectives? yes no If no, list any unmet_______________________________3. Was the content balanced and without commercial bias? yes no4. Did the program meet your educational/practice needs? yes no5. How long did it take you to read this lesson and complete the quiz? ________________ 6. Comments/future topics welcome.
1. Which of the following is the biologically active form of vitamin D? a. Ergocalciferol c. 25(OH)D b. Cholecalciferol d. 1,25(OH)2D 2. Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Sur-veys (NHANES) from 2001 to 2006 report what percentage of Americans were at risk for vitamin D deficiency with a 25(OH)D level less than 10 ng/mL? a. 5 percent c. 15 percent b. 8 percent d. 30 percent
3. Risk factors for vitamin D deficiency include all of the follow-ing EXCEPT: a. obesity. c. insufficient sunlight exposure. b. age >65 years. d. light skin. 4. Which of the following statements is true regarding racial disparities and vitamin D? a. African Americans have a higher serum 25(OH)D level than White Americans. b. Suboptimal vitamin D status may contribute to racial disparity in albuminuria. c. Preterm birth rates have never been associated with de-creased vitamin D levels. d. White Americans have a higher rate of hypertension vs. African Americans which could be related to 25(OH)D levels.
5. Which of the following is true regarding vitamin D and diabetes? a. Vitamin D deficiency has only been linked to type 2 diabe-tes. b. In a small study, mean vitamin D levels were found to be significantly higher in those with extensive peripheral neuropa-thy. c. Evidence suggests vitamin D influences beta cell function directly and may make beta cells more resistant to types of cel-lular stress. d. There is no established relationship between vitamin D and diabetes.
6. Ginde et al. demonstrated that the prevalence of upper respiratory tract infections increased significantly as the serum 25(OH)D levels dropped, regardless of the season of the year. a. True b. False
7. Cancers with potential links to vitamin D deficiency include all of the following EXCEPT: a. breast cancer. c. thyroid cancer. b. colon cancer. 8. What is the recommended daily intake of vitamin D for a 6-year-old? a. 200 IU c. 600 IU b. 400 IU d. 800 IU 9. Most of the data regarding all-cause mortality and vitamin D can be accredited to which of the following? a. Cardiovascular deaths b. Diabetes complication deaths c. End-stage renal disease d. Asthma deaths
10. All of the following individuals could be at risk for vitamin D deficiency and should be screened EXCEPT those: a. with chronic kidney disease. b. on glucocorticoids. c. who are obese. d. with hypoparathyroidism.
11. How much vitamin D supplementation is required per day for a three-month-old receiving both breast milk and approxi-mately 600 mL of formula? a. 200 IU c. 600 IU b. 400 IU d. 800 IU
12. Because vitamin D is fat soluble and stored in adipose tis-sue, the recommended dose for individuals with BMIs >30 kg/m2 is how much greater than typically required for that individual’s age group? a. Should be the same c. Three to four times b. Four to five times d. Two to three times
13. All pregnant women should be screened for vitamin D deficiency. a. True b. False 14. Which of the following is NOT a dietary source of vitamin D? a. Swordfish c. Chicken b. Egg yolk d. Liver
15. Which of the following is NOT a sign of vitamin D toxicity? a. Tachycardia c. Vascular calcinosis b. Metallic taste d. Pancreatitis
To receive CE credit, your quiz must be received no later than Febru-ary 15, 2017. A passing grade of 80% must be attained. CE credit for successfully completed quizzes will be uploaded to the CPE Monitor. CE statements of credit will not be mailed, but can be printed from the CPE Monitor website. Send inquiries to [email protected].
february 2014
Name PositionRobert M. Hatton Chair of the BoardPamala S. Marquess PresidentRobert B. Moody President-ElectThomas H. Whitworth First Vice PresidentLance P. Boles Second Vice PresidentLiza Chapman State At LargeTerry Forshee State At LargeDavid Graves State At LargeJoshua D. Kinsey State At LargeEddie Madden State At LargeLaird Miller State At LargeChris Thurmond State At Large Krista Stone 1st Region PresidentEd S. Dozier 2nd Region PresidentRenee D. Adamson 3rd Region PresidentNicholas O. Bland 4th Region PresidentShelby Biagi 5th Region PresidentSherri S. Moody 6th Region PresidentTyler Mayotte 7th Region PresidentMichael Lewis 8th Region PresidentAmanda Westbrooks 9th Region President Flynn Warren 10th Region PresidentKalen Manasco 11th Region President Ken Von Eiland 12th Region PresidentTed Hunt ACP ChairSharon B. Zerillo AEP ChairJohn Drew AHP ChairDrew Miller AIP ChairMichelle Hunt APT ChairLeah Stowers ASA ChairJohn T. Sherrer Foundation ChairAl McConnell Board of Pharmacy ChairMegan Freeman GSHP PresidentAmy C. Grimsley Mercer Faculty RepresentativeRusty Fetterman South Faculty RepresentativeLindsey Welch UGA Faculty RepresentativeTyler Bryant ASP, Mercer University Tiffany Galloway ASP, South University Jessica Kupstas ASP, UGA Jim Bracewell Executive Vice President
2013-2014 Board of Directors
THE GEORGIA PHARMACY ASSOCIATION
The GPhA Mobile App.
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The Georgia Pharmacy Journal
AIP Mission Statement: To advance the concept of pharmacy care. To ensure the economic viability and security of Independent Pharmacy; To provide a fo-rum for Independent Pharmacy to exchange information and develop strategies, goals and objectives; To address the unique business and professional issues of independent pharmacies; To develop and implement marketing opportuni-ties for members of the Academy with emphasis on the third party prescription drug program/benefit market; To provide educational programs designed to en-hance the managerial skills of Independent Pharmacy Owners and Managers; and, To establish and implement programs and services designed to assist In-dependent Pharmacy Owners and Managers.
50 Lenox Pointe, NE, Atlanta, GA 30324 | tf: 888.871.5590 | ph: 404.231.5074 | f: 404.237.8435 | www.gpha.orgTHE GEORGIA PHARMACY ASSOCIATION
...to the many members who support the Georgia Pharmacy Association’s Academy
of Independent Pharmacy.
We pledge to continue to defend and protect the profession to the best of our
ability and we pledge to continue to fight for the economic viability
of Independent Pharmacy.
Thanks ...
Name PositionRobert M. Hatton Chair of the BoardPamala S. Marquess PresidentRobert B. Moody President-ElectThomas H. Whitworth First Vice PresidentLance P. Boles Second Vice PresidentLiza Chapman State At LargeTerry Forshee State At LargeDavid Graves State At LargeJoshua D. Kinsey State At LargeEddie Madden State At LargeLaird Miller State At LargeChris Thurmond State At Large Krista Stone 1st Region PresidentEd S. Dozier 2nd Region PresidentRenee D. Adamson 3rd Region PresidentNicholas O. Bland 4th Region PresidentShelby Biagi 5th Region PresidentSherri S. Moody 6th Region PresidentTyler Mayotte 7th Region PresidentMichael Lewis 8th Region PresidentAmanda Westbrooks 9th Region President Flynn Warren 10th Region PresidentKalen Manasco 11th Region President Ken Von Eiland 12th Region PresidentTed Hunt ACP ChairSharon B. Zerillo AEP ChairJohn Drew AHP ChairDrew Miller AIP ChairMichelle Hunt APT ChairLeah Stowers ASA ChairJohn T. Sherrer Foundation ChairAl McConnell Board of Pharmacy ChairMegan Freeman GSHP PresidentAmy C. Grimsley Mercer Faculty RepresentativeRusty Fetterman South Faculty RepresentativeLindsey Welch UGA Faculty RepresentativeTyler Bryant ASP, Mercer University Tiffany Galloway ASP, South University Jessica Kupstas ASP, UGA Jim Bracewell Executive Vice President
2013-2014 Board of Directors
THE GEORGIA PHARMACY ASSOCIATION
The GPhA Mobile App.
G ET TH E A PP!
I T ’ S F R E E !
Contact Association
Staff.
Share this App with a friend.
Association and Industry
News.
Check out Association events and
register.
Renew your membership
- join the Association.
Receive Association
reminders and updates.
Connect with the GPhA on
facebook.
Learn about GPhA
services.
Connect with friends and associates.
Important Advocacy
links.
We’re going mobile, leveraging mobile technology to meet member’s com-munication, educa-tion, advocacy, and engagement needs. Available anywhere and anytime you need it.
Android
Apple
Search gpha using the App Store or Google Play. Download and You’ve Got the App!
The Georgia Pharmacy Journal
AIP Mission Statement: To advance the concept of pharmacy care. To ensure the economic viability and security of Independent Pharmacy; To provide a fo-rum for Independent Pharmacy to exchange information and develop strategies, goals and objectives; To address the unique business and professional issues of independent pharmacies; To develop and implement marketing opportuni-ties for members of the Academy with emphasis on the third party prescription drug program/benefit market; To provide educational programs designed to en-hance the managerial skills of Independent Pharmacy Owners and Managers; and, To establish and implement programs and services designed to assist In-dependent Pharmacy Owners and Managers.
50 Lenox Pointe, NE, Atlanta, GA 30324 | tf: 888.871.5590 | ph: 404.231.5074 | f: 404.237.8435 | www.gpha.orgTHE GEORGIA PHARMACY ASSOCIATION
...to the many members who support the Georgia Pharmacy Association’s Academy
of Independent Pharmacy.
We pledge to continue to defend and protect the profession to the best of our
ability and we pledge to continue to fight for the economic viability
of Independent Pharmacy.
Thanks ...
50 Lenox Pointe, NE Atlanta, GA 30324
THE GEORGIA PHARMACY ASSOCIATION
139 th GPh A Con ventionJu ne 26-29, 2014
Wy ndham Bay Point R esort - Panama City Beach, FL
As healthcare changes, so do job responsibilities and career tracks. Th e Georgia Pharmacy Association is your development partner as you
address your future in pharmacy. Professional
networking, skills training and continuing
education are key benefi ts of your GPhA membership.
Plan to attend this year’s Convention and take advantage of all the educational and networking opportunities available. Whether you’re a seasoned professional or a fi rst year student, there’s something for you at the GPhA Convention.
We’re looking forward to seeing you there.
50 Lenox Pointe, NE, Atlanta, GA 30324 | tf: 888.871.5590 | ph: 404.231.5074 | f: 404.237.8435 | www.gpha.orgTHE GEORGIA PHARMACY ASSOCIATION
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