GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY OF CHINA

Joanne Chen2015

Basic Facts about ChinaFull Name: The People's Republic of ChinaArea: 9,600,000 sq km (3,706,580 sq mi)Population: 1.37 billion (as of 2014)Capital City: BeijingNational Flag: Five-Stars-Red-FlagLocation: Middle and East Asia, bounded on the east by the Pacific OceanTerritorial Seas: the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea, and the South China SeaWorld’s third largest country, after Russia and Canada.

http://www.wellesley.edu/Polisci/wj/ChinaLinks-New/Images/china-map.jpg

• 22 Proveniences • 5 autonomous regions: Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Guangxi, Ningxia, Tibet • 4 direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing,

Tianjin, Shanghai and Chongqing)• 2 mostly self-governing special

administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau).

Flag of ChinaThe red represents the communist revolution; the five stars and their relationship represent the unity of the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China"Five-star Red Flag" (simplified Chinese: 五星红旗 )

Administrative Demarcation

http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~yzhang/presentation/01_China_map.jpg

Mountains

Rivers

• The Himalaya, Karakoram, Pamir and Tian Shan mountain ranges of Western China separate China from South and Central Asia. • Gobi and Taklamakan deserts in the north

• Yangtze River: Longest in Asia, the 3rd longest in the world• Yellow River: Mother river of

Chinese.• China's coastline along the Pacific

Ocean is 14,500 kilometres (9,000 mi) long, and is bounded by the Bohai, Yellow, East and South China Seas.

Coastline

Fujiang

Yellow Mountain

Tian ChiGobi Xinjiang

Xinjiang

Lhasa Yun nan

• The climate of China is extremely diverse, ranging from tropical in the far south to subarctic in the far north and alpine in the higher elevations of the Tibetan Plateau.

• Monsoon winds, caused by differences in the heat-absorbing capacity of the continent and the ocean, dominate the climate.

Climate

Spring Summer Fall Winter

Great Wall

AgricultureOnly 11% of the land is farmable.

Farmers practice:1. subsistence farming-

producing just enough to meet your basic needs (little or no surplus)

2. terrace farming- carving steps into the sides of mountains for farming

• China has substantial mineral reserves and is the world’s largest producer of antimony, natural graphite, tungsten, and zinc.

• Other major minerals are aluminum, bauxite, coal, crude petroleum, diamonds, gold, iron ore, lead, magnetite, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, natural gas, phosphate rock, tin, uranium, and vanadium.

• With its vast mountain ranges, China’s hydropower potential is the largest in the world.

Natural Resources

Cities of China

Beijing

Shanghai

Guangzhou

Urumqi

Chengdu

Lhasa Xi’an Haerbin

Tourist Attractions

DEMOGRAPHICS OF CHINA China's population is over 1.355 billion, the largest of any country in the world 91.51% of the population was of the Han Chinese, and 8.49% were minorities. China's population growth rate is only 0.47%, ranking 159th in the world.

Population Density

• The most densely populated provinces are in the east:

• Jiangsu (712 persons per square kilometer),

• Shandong (587 persons per square kilometer), and

• Henan (546 persons per square kilometer).

The least densely populated areas are in the west, with the Tibet Autonomous Region having the lowest density at only 2 persons per square kilometer.

Shanghai was the most densely populated municipality at 2,646 persons per square kilometer.

ETHNIC GROUPSEthnic minorities are the non-Han Chinese population. The PRC government officially recognizes 55 ethnic minority groups in addition to the Han majority. As of 2010, the combined population of minority groups comprised 8.49% of the population of mainland China.

Term for ethnic minority is shǎoshù mínzú; (simplified Chinese: 少数民族 )

HAN CHINESE

Han Chinese has a population of about 1.16 billion accounting for 19% of the world's total population

Han Chinese has become one of the main ethnic groups in many countries.

The language is divided into seven dialects namely Mandarin, Wu Dialect, Xiang Dialect, Gan Dialect, Min Dialect, Cantonese and Hakka.

Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism, are the main religions.

The staple food is rice and wheat.

HAN YU: A MEMBER OF SINO-TIBETAN LANGUAGE FAMILY

Chinese language differ from other languages 1. It has no inflection of words to indicate person, gender, number, tense or mood.2. It is a tonal language.3. It consists of a large number of dialects, which share the same written form4. Written form of the language – characters5. 3,500 characters are commonly used in daily life.

Ethnic groups are primarily in the south, west, and north of China. Only Tibet and Xinjiang have a majority population of official minorities, while all other regions of China have a Han majority.

AUTONOMOUS REGIONS

Autonomous administrative divisions are specific areas associated with one or more ethnic minorities that are designated as autonomous. (自治區 ) Guangxi – Zhuang

Tibet – Tibetan Inner Mongolia - Mongol Xinjiang - Uyghur Ningxia - Hui

huiUyghur

Mongol

Tibetan Zhuang

Expat: An expatriate (often shortened to expat) is a person temporarily or permanently residing, as an immigrant, in a country other than that of their citizenship.

Expat Demographics in ChinaWith its unique culture, vast geographic size, and fast-growing economy, China has long held a special appeal for foreign visitor.

There are at least 600,000 expats working or living in cities throughout the country by 2015, broken down by nationality in the chart.

http://www.china-briefing.com/news/2015/01/08/nali-lai-de-overview-expats-china.html

Floating Population

In 2011 a total of 252.78 million migrant workers existed in China.

Out of these, migrant workers who left their hometown and worked in other provinces accounted for 158.63 million.

Migrant workers who worked within their home provinces reached 94.15 million

The Chinese population is rapidly aging, due to a lower mortality rate and the one child policy.

This will lead to a pension problem for the Chinese government and may reduce China's ability to compete in the future.

At the same time, this creates a growing market for healthcare products and services in China.

Aging Population