Geodesy at the University of Zagreb

100 Anniversary of the High Technical School350 Anniversary of the University of Zagreb

Miljenko Lapaine

Geodesy (in Croatian) = Geodesy + Surveying

Geodesy (official):

Technical Sciences = Tehničke znanosti

Polje 2.04. Geodezija

Grana 2.04.01 kartografija

Grana 2.04.02 fotogrametrija i daljinska istraživanja

Grana 2.04.03 pomorska, satelitska i fizikalna geodezija

Grana 2.04.04 primijenjena geodezija

Grana 2.04.05 geomatika

What is older: geodesy or Croatia (Croats)?

4th Century BC, Starigrad, the Island of Hvar

Starigrad field, the Island of Hvar

The oldest boundary stone in Croatia

4th Century BC

Lumbarda psephisma

The oldest document on land

division in Croatia, the Island

of Korčula

4th or 3rd Century BC

What is older: geodesy or Croatia (Croats)?

Geodesy!

Herman Dalmatin (12th Century)

Frederik Grisogono (1473–1538)

Nikola Sagroević (?–1573)

Franjo Petriš (1529–1597)

Marko Antun Gospodnetić–Dominis (1560–1624)

Marin Getaldić (1568–1626)

Ruđer Josip Bošković (1711-1787)

Surveyor

Cartographer

Designer of instruments

Physicist

Mathematician

Astronomer

Hydrotechnical and structural engineer

Poet

Philosopher

Diplomat

Bošković, the perfector and inventor of surveying, astronomical and optical

instruments

Boskovic and Maire trigonometric network for determining the length of a part of

the Rome-Rimini meridian

Dome de St. Pierre150 m

M. Genarro 1271 m

M. Soriano1275 m

M. Fionchi 1337 m

M. Pennino1570 m

M. Tesio870 m

M. Catria 1702 m

M. Carpegne1415 m

M. Luro 145 m

Embouchure de l' Ausa

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

HI

La

b

c

R I M

R I M I N I (6 m)

Meridijan

Meridijan

Trigonometrijske stranice

Baze trigonometrijskog lanca

LEGENDA

Bošković’s map of the Papal State

1755

1770

Bošković and the Study of Earth's Structure - Theory of Isostasy

DiskontinuitetMoho

DiskontinuitetGutenberg

DiskontinuitetLehmann

Unutarnja jezgra

Vanjska jezgra

Donji plašt

Gornji plašt

Najplići krutidio plašta

Kontinentalna kora30-65 km deblj.

Oceanska kora

5-15 km deblj.

Recentni sedimenti

Ocean

r 5500 kg/m3

»

r 11500 kg/m3

»

r 9500 kg/m3

»

r 12000 k g/m3

»

r 3300-3350 kg/m3

»

r 3000 kg/m3

»

r 2700 kg/m3

»

r» 2900-3200 kg/m3

70-150 km

700 km

2885 km

5155 km

Ozn

ače

ne

du

bin

e n

isu

u m

jerilu

As

ten

osfe

ra

Lito

sfe

raPlašt

Litosfera

Kontinentalnakora

Ocenskakora

Airyjev model izostazije(gustoća kore je svugdje jednaka,

dok debljina varira)

Prattov model izostazije(baza kore svugdje je približno jednake dubine,

gustoća varira, ali tako da je prosječno jednaka; planine su manje, a ocenska kora veće gustoće)

prom jena gustoće

po jed inici vo lumena

p romjena deb ljine

po jed in ic i vo lum ena

Litosfera

Kontinentalnakora

Ocenskakora

Boškovićeva idejaoblikovanja Zemljine kore

Širenjezagrijanogzraka širi

koru

Toplinsko širenjeunutar Zemlje

r 3300-3350 kg/m3

»

r 2900-3200 kg/m3

»

r=2700-3000 k g/m3

Zagrijana litosferaili astenosferamanje gustoće

Varijacija modela(gustoća je svugdje

podjednaka)

Litosfera

Kontinentalnakora

Ocenskakora

r 3300-3350 kg/m3

»

r 2900-3200 kg/m3

»

r=2700-3000 k g/m3

Litosfera

Kontinentalnakora

Ocenskakora

r 3300-3350 kg/m3

»

r 2900-3200 kg/m3

»

r=2700-3000 k g/m3

Bošković’s method of adjustment

Ruđer Josip Bošković

De veterum argumentis pro telluris

sphaericitate dissertatio,

MDCCXXXIX

Romae

Ruđer Josip Bošković

Discussion of ancient arguments

for Earth's sphericity,

1739

Rome

Proposition 1

Exploration of the Earth's shape from

the equilibrium of liquids

Archimedes

Ancient Greek physicist

and mathematician

Proposition 1

Exploration of the Earth's shape from

the equilibrium of liquids

Bošković’s conclusion

If the Earth were stationary and gravity was directed

toward the same center, the Earth would be a sphere.

Since the assumptions may not be true, we have not

proven that Earth is a sphere!

This is a critical thinking!

Bošković’s final conclusion after 7 propositions:

Except for the Earth's shadow on the moon ancient

authors did not have any solid foundations to prove the

Earth's sphericity.

Flat Earth Society

https://theflatearthsociety.org/home/

Exercitationes Gaeodeticae

Geodetic Exercises

2002.

The oldest textbook of geodesy in Croatian!

Matija Petar Katančić

Osijek, 1778

Pridhodna Bilixenja od Dillorednog Zemlyomirja

(Introductory Notes on Practical Surveying)

manuscript

unfinished translation of the texbook

Elementa Geometriae Practicae

Paulus Makó de Kerek-Gede

2010.

Zadar, 1811

Lyceum with university status

The first three graduates and certified surveyors!

Antun Fumis from Knin

Josip Gelpi from Šibenik

Fausto Mattei from Zadar

Križevci, 1860

Economic and Forestry College

Zagreb, 1898

Academy of Forestry

Zagreb, 1908

Geodetic Course

Course = Study

Geodetic Course at the Academy of Forestry

Royal Academy of Forestry at the Faculty of Philosophy

Fran KesterčanekOton Kučera Vincenc Vinko Hlavnika

▪ 1775 – Academia Zagrabiensi

▪ 1898 – Royal Academy of Forestry at the Faculty of Philosophy

▪ 1908 – Geodetic Course at the Academy of Forestry

▪ 1919 – High Technical School

▪ 1920 – Faculty of Technical Studies

▪ 1956 – Faculty of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy

▪ 1962 – Faculty of Geodesy

Geodesy was taught in Zagreb:

Proceedings on the occasion

of the 50th Anniversary

of the Faculty of Geodesy

Vladimir Filkuka

Professor at the Royal Academy of Forestry

At the Geodetic Course

At the High Technical School

Dean of the High Technical School 1920–21

Editor of Glasilo geometara 1919–22

Thank you for your attention