ge#ng new faculty on board and up to speed successfully · • new faculty most need good advice...
TRANSCRIPT
Ge#ngNewFacultyOnBoardandUptoSpeedSuccessfully:PilotStudyofNewCSUFaculty
MarshaBenede#Marsha.Benede#@colostate.edu
ZacharyMercurio
Thinkbacktoyourfirstdays/weeks/monthsasadepartmentchair.Whatwasitlike?
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Difficulttransi=on• Fromsolitarytosocial• Fromfocusedtofragmented• Fromautonomytoaccountability• Frommanuscriptstomemoranda• Fromstabilitytomobility• Fromclienttocustodian
Gmelch&Parkay,1999
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Whatifyoubeganyourjobaschairinanunfamiliarcollege?
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Whatwouldbeyourbestwish/outcomeforanewlyhiredfacultyinyourdepartment?
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DeptChair~80%ofdecisionsoncampus(Dyer&Miller,1999)
QualityofprogramdependsonqualityoffacultyFacultyareahugeinvestment(Miller,Jackson&Pope,2001)
Hiringandretainingfacultyarecri=calobjec=ves• Recrui=ngandhiringforfit• Retainingviaprofessionaldevelopment• Retainingviapeermentoring
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Goalistohelpnewfacultymeet/exceedexpecta=ons(getP&T)• Produc=veresearchers• Effec=veteachers• Integratedfaculty
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Agenda
• ResearchonnewfacultysocializaRon• Relatedworkonsocializa=on• Currentstudyofnewfaculty• Discussion
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MostcriRcalRme• Padernsofsuccessandfailureformrapidlyandendure• Newfacultymostneedgoodadviceandmostlydon’tgetit• Newfacultyareleastrecep=vetoadviceBoice,2000
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Personal&Culturalfactors• Newfacultyareselfreliant,selfstar=ng• Beliefthatexperienceisbestwaytolearn• Accep=ngadviceissignofweakness(survivalofthefidest)• Adviceishaphazard,conflic=ng,
anduntested
Boice,2000
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Ge#nguptospeed• Newfacultydonotfailbecauseofincompetenceintheirfield,
butbecauseof“misunderstandingsabouteffecRvewaysofworkingandsocializing”
• Mostnewfacultytakealmostfiveyearstogetuptospeedintheirjobs
Boice,2000
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Learningon-the-job• Mostnewfacultyarepoorlypreparedorunpreparedtomeet
challengesoftheirnewjobs.• Muchofwhatnewfacultylearnisfromhaphazardtrial-and-
error.
Felder,Brent&Prince,2011
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Commonproblems• Ambiguityregardingperformanceexpecta=ons• Buildingeffec=veworkrela=ons(integra=on)• Managinganintenseworkload(teaching)• Ge3nggoodadvice(mentoring)• Disillusionment(lowcollegialityandintellectuals=mula=on)
Boice,2000;Korte,2009;Korte,Brunhaver&Sheppard,2015
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Concernsofnewfaculty• Intensityandoverwhelmingloadofthework• Tenuresystemnotclearlyunderstood(ill-defined,poorly
evaluated)• Pressuredtoconformandplayitsafe• Lackofcommunity• Lackofintegratedlife
Tierney,1997
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AnRcipaRonExcitement
FulfillmentEnergized
DisillusionmentResignaRon
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Integrated&Collegial
ProducRveResearchers
EffecRveTeachers
Agenda• Researchonnewfacultysocializa=on• RelatedworkonsocializaRon• Currentstudyofnewfaculty• Discussion
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“We throw them in the deep end,
and they sink or swim.” Organizational Leaders
“mostpeoplewanttodoagoodjob.However,ifyoupitagoodperformeragainstabadsystem,thesystemwillwinalmostevery:me.”Rummler&Brache,1995
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PrimaryFindingsRelaRonshipbuildingisaprimarydriverofonboarding.• Workingproduc=vely• Learningaboutcompany• Integra-ngandengaging
Dept.orprogramcolleaguesaretheprimarysourceof:• Instruc-onforusingtoolsandprocedures• Insightsintohowthingsreallywork• Membershipintothegroup
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Sourcesofnewengineers’learning
Coworkers Managers Pastexperience Suppliers
Percentoflearninglinkedtosourcesinthreecompanies.
%
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SuccessofnewhirecloselyrelatedtoacRvityofworkgroup.
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Thequalityofrela=onshipsaffectedthe:• Qualityoflearning&performance• LevelofsaRsfacRonàengagementàcommitmentàretenRon
NewHire WorkGroup
IndividualsRaRn
gofSuccessFactors
Low
High
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Onboarding research & practice
ThisresearchindicatesNewhireneedsto:• Developrela=onships
(membership)• Learnnorms,tasks,&tools• Developexper=se• EngageanddevelopcareerWorkgroupneedsto:• Developrela=onships
(membership)• Providelocalmentoring• Providemeaningfulwork• Provideforgrowth
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MostcommonbeliefsNewhireneedsto:• Confrontrealityofnewjob• Clarifyroleinorganiza=on• Learntofitin• Monitortheirsuccess
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SocialCapitalResources/goodwillderivedfromrela=onshipsthatfacilitatecollec=veac=onAheuris=cforexaminingthevalueofsocialrela=ons• Structural—networkofrela=ons,posi=ons• Rela=onal—trust,norms,obliga=ons,iden=fica=on• Cogni=ve—valueofsharedlanguage,meaning,narra=ves
Nahapiet&Ghoshal,1998
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SocialCapital&SocializaRonFi#ngin:Integra=ngintothestructuraldimension
Ge#ngtoknowothers:Buildingtherela=onaldimension
Understandinghowthingsaredone:Developingthecogni=vedimension
Korte&Lin,2013
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KnowledgetransferprocessNewcomerlearningismoreorlessra=onalandembeddedinanunderstandableandsharedculture.
KnowledgecreaRonprocessNewcomerlearningdependsoninterpreta=onandinterac=onwithothers.Cultureisongoingnego=a=on,contest,andsense-making.
Tierney,1997
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KeyTakeawaysWorkisembeddedinasocial,poli=cal,andinformalcontexts.Thesocial,poli=cal,andinformalcontextsareprimarydriversoflearningandperformance.Organiza=onshaveamajorresponsibilitytohelpnewcomerssucceed.Aculturethatsupportsonboardingisabestprac=ce.Effec=veonboardinghelpsdevelopengaged,topperformers. 26 © 2016 Korte, Benedetti, Mercurio CSU2016
Agenda• Literatureonnewfacultysocializa=on• Relatedworkonsocializa=on• Currentstudyofnewfaculty(work-in-progress)• Discussion
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CSUStudyResearchDesign• Improvefacultysuccess• Inquireaboutnewfacultyexperiences(years1-2)• Fourfocusgroups–approx.50par=cipants• Acrosscampus• Teaching,research,service,culture,interpersonal
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Research
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• Whatisexpected?• Dogoodresearch,buildareputa=on(ambiguous)• Needmentoring,getfeedbackfromdepthead• Needtogetorganized,learntheprocessquickly• Howtogetlabupandrunning• Unpreparedforgrantwri=ng• Recrui=nggoodstudentsisdifficult• Carefulaboutcollabora=ng,sharinginfo(mistrussul)
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“Peoplehavedifferentideasregardingthequalityofscholarshipinmyareait'sjournalar:clesandbooksandsomepeoplethinktheirresearchisjusttopnotchandotherpeoplewilllookattheir
publica:onsandsayI'veneverheardofthatjournalinmylifeandit'slousy.Sofiguringoutsortofwhatthestandardsarehasbeenali@le
bitdifficult.”
“Ithinktheavailabilityofaresearchmentorwithinyourdepartmentorwithinyourschoolwhoisfamiliarwithyourresearch-research
area-makesahugedifference.”
“Ihadtolearnwhatmyjobwas.Iwasblindsidedforayearandahalf.‘That'smyjobtoo?’‘Thankyou,I'llgetrightonthat.’"
CSUStudy
• Notfullyawareofteachingassignments/materials• Howdoclasseswork?Howtoadvise/interact?• Needtopresentselfasauthority• Moresignificantpartofthejob• Farmore=meconsuming• Don’tgetP&Tfromteaching
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Teaching
CSUStudy
“TheadvicethatIgetfrommydepartmentis,‘Yes,wewantyoutobeagoodinstructor,butwewantyoutogettenure.Thewayyouget
tenureisbynotspendingtoomuch-meonteaching.’”
“Talkingtomycolleaguesfromthebeginningoftheacademicyear,andthenthosefewclassobserva-onshavebeenessen-al,very
important.”
“Onethingthatsurprisedmewasthatthere'snomentorshipfornewfacultyatleastinmydepartmentwhenitcomestoteaching-Ihadtoseekitout.Soforinstance,nobodycomestositintheclasstoseehowI'mteachingwhichiscrazybecauseI'venevertaughtbefore.”
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Interpersonal
• Whatarethe“rulesofthegame”?• Whattopicsareoutofbounds?• Howdoesoneinteractwithothers?• Issoandsotrustworthy?• Whatisexpectedofme?
CSUStudy
“...oneofthesteepestlearningcurvesIsupposeasanewfacultymember,ishowdeeplysocialthejobisworkingwithotherpeople.”
“…sowehavereallybondedandcreatedacommunitywithone
another.Wegettogetheronamonthlybasisjusttocheckinandseewhat'sgoingonandwetalkaboutourresearch…it'sbeenlikeali@le
cohortforme.”“Youare,toacertainextent,atthemercyofotherpeople,youneverknowwhoyoumightcrossinadvertentlyorpissofforwhathaveyou
overthesixyears,youdon'twanttorunintoaproblemwheresomebody'spuXngtheirfootdownandsayingnoIdon'tlikethatthisperson.Soyoujusthavetohave,youhavetodoreallygoodworkand
doalotofitandsoit'sjustundeniable.”
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• S=lllearningwhat’sgoingon• Learningbytrial-and-error• Peoplearecollegial(forsome,ifyouini=ate)• Becarefulwhat/howyoucommunicate• Learntofitin(stayoutofdiscussion,HDMS)• Deptwantsac=veengagement
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Socio-Cultural
CSUStudy
“Ithinkit'sveryimportanttohavementorswithinthedepartmentandsomebodytellingyouaboutthehistoryofthe
departmentsoyouunderstandtheplacebe@er.”
“…itwasmyfirstday,soIshowedupandIaskedaques:onwhichIdidnotrealizewasahotbu[onissueforthedepartment,like40yearsofargumentsandIwasjustlikeblownawaybytheresponse.Peoplewereangry,really,reallyangryformeasking
thisques:on…howamIsupposedtoknowthis?”
“Raciallyandethnically,it'sextremelyhomogeneous.”
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AdviceforNewFaculty• Spendmore=meongrantwri=ng• Getmentorsooner• Getpreparedasap• Liveclosetocampus• Getinvolved,it’sasociety• Establishagoodidea,andgoodrela=onships• Observemorethantalk• Keepexpecta=onsofstudentslow
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CSUStudy
“Starttheplanandjustkeepyourheaddownandkeep-keepchuggingforthefirstcoupleofyearsatleast.Thatwouldbemy
advice.”
“…don'trelyonyourmentortohelpyouwithanything.Youhavetobeindependent.”
“…learnfromyourcolleagues.”
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AdviceforAcademicLeaders
• Improvetenureprocessandawareness• Manageongoingsocializa=onasaninterac=veprocess• Fostercollegialrela=ons,mentoring,support• Provideguidancetodevelopcompetentresearchers-
teachers• Newcomerscanbeagoodsourceofnewideas
Kortework-in-progress
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STRUCTURALNon-personalnetworkofrela=onsandposi=ons
COGNITIVESharedunderstanding,
culture,languageandiden=ty
RELATIONALInterpersonalrulesandobliga=ons
SOCIALCAPITALValueofsocialrela=ons
(heuris=c)
STRUCTURAL:HowdoIfitin?• Whatistheformalandinformalstructure?• Whoarethekeyplayers?• Howdoesinforma=onmoveabout?• Whereisthegoodinforma=on?• Whocanbemymentoringnetwork?• Whatrela=onsdowevalue?
(Korte&Lin,2013)
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RELATIONAL:Ge#ngtoknowothers• Whatarethe“rulesofthegame”?• Whattopicsareoutofbounds?• Howdoesoneinteractwithothers?• Issoandsotrustworthy?• Whatisexpectedofme?
(Korte&Lin,2013)
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COGNITIVE:Understandinghowthingsaredone• WhatistheP&Tprocess?• HowdoesP&Twork?• WhatarethepisallsIshouldavoid?(sacredcows,taboos)• Whatisexpectedofme?• Whydowedothingsthewaywedo?• Whataretheunwridenrules?
(Korte&Lin,2013)
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Whatareyouwonderingabout?
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ReferencesBoice,R.(2000).AdviceforNewFacultyMembers:NihilNimus.Boston:AllynandBacon.Brent,R.,Felder,R.M.,&Rajala,S.A.(2006).Preparingnewfacultymemberstobesuccessful:Ano-brainerandyetaradicalconcept.Proceedingofthe
AmericanSocietyforEngineeringEduca:on,WashingtonDC.Dyer,B.G.&Miller,M.(1999).Acri=calreviewofliteraturerelatedtothedepartmentchairposi=on.Educa:onalResourcesInforma:onCenter(ERIC).U.S.
DepartmentofEduca=on.Felder,R.M.,Brent,R.,&Prince,M.J.(2011).Engineeringinstruc=onaldevelopment:Programs,bestprac=ces,andrecommenda=ons.Journalof
EngineeringEduca:on,100(1),89-122.Gmelch,W.H.,&Parkay,F.W.(1999).Becomingadepartmentchair:Nego=a=ngthetransi=onfromscholartoadministrator.Educa:onalResources
Informa:onCenter(ERIC).U.S.DepartmentofEduca=on.Korte,R.,Brunhaver,S.,&Sheppard,S.(2015).(Mis)interpreta=onsoforganiza=onalsocializa=on:Theexpecta=onsandexperiencesofnewcomersand
managers.HumanResourceDevelopmentQuarterly,26(2),185-208.DOI:10.1002/hrdq.21206Korte,R.,&Lin,S.(2013).Ge3ngonboard:Organiza=onalsocializa=onandthecontribu=onofsocialcapital.HumanRela:ons66(3),407-428.DOI:
10.1177/0018726712461927Korte,R.F.(2009).Hownewcomerslearnthesocialnormsofanorganiza=on:Acasestudyofthesocializa=onofnewlyhiredengineers.HumanResource
DevelopmentQuarterly,20(3),285-306.Miller,M.,Jackson,J.C.,&Pope,M.L.(2001).Facultyrecruitmentandreten=on:Acasestudyofthechair’srole..Educa:onalResourcesInforma:on
Center(ERIC).U.S.DepartmentofEduca=on.Nahapiet,J.,&Ghoshal,S.(1998).Socialcapital,intellectualcapitalandtheorganiza=onaladvantage.AcademyofManagementReview,23(2),242-266.Tierney,W.G.(1997).Organiza=onalsocializa=oninhighereduca=on.JournalofHigherEduca:on,58(1),1-16.
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STRUCTURAL• Structureinterac=on,mentoring• P&Ttransparency• Socio-culturalguidance• Explicitformalandinformal
organiza=on• Meaningfulwork
COGNITIVE• Set,clarifyexpecta=ons• Developmentalsocializa=on• Explicitvalues,beliefs,assump=ons• Cultureofcollegiality• Cultureofaccomplishment
RELATIONAL• Teamofmentors• Frequentinterac=on
withchair• Gettoknowwho’swho• Providemembership
SOCIALCAPITAL
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“You’resortofjumpingona
movingtrain.”