genetics review (basic)
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Genetics Review (Basic). 1. What is the molecule that carries all the information about how a living thing will look and function?. DNA. 2. Where is DNA located in a eukaryotic cell?. DNA is located in the nucleus. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Genetics Review (Basic)](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110102/568139e7550346895da19fd5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Genetics Review(Basic)
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1. What is the molecule that carries all the information about how a
living thing will look and function?
DNA
![Page 3: Genetics Review (Basic)](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110102/568139e7550346895da19fd5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
2. Where is DNA located in a eukaryotic cell?
DNA is located in the nucleus
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3. What are the factors that control an individual’s characteristics and are
passed down from parent to offspring?
Genes
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4. Where are genes located?
On DNA
Gene 1
Gene 2
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5. Some genes come in more than one form that can express different traits. What are these different forms called?
Alleles
Spot Color Gene
Red spot allele
Yellow spot allele
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6. The principle which states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive.
Principle of Dominance
Kinked tails are dominant over straight tails.
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7. A specific characteristic of an individual, like flower color.
Trait
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8. The process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a
new cell.
Fertilization
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9. The separation of alleles.
Segregation
White flower allele p Purple flower alleleP
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10. Another name for sex cells.
Gametes
Sperm
Egg
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11. The likelihood that a particular event will occur.
Probability
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12. The probability that a coin will come up heads three times in a row.
½ = 1/8½ ½x x
?
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13. Having two identical alleles for a particular gene.
Homozygous
Tall allele Tall alleleT T
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14. The physical characteristics of an organism.
Phenotype
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15. Having two different alleles for a particular gene.
Heterozygous
Tall allele Short alleleT t
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16. The genetic makeup of an organism.
Genotype
TtppRrIIggYY
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17. How many different gametes can a Tt individual produce?
Two:
Tt
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18. How many different gametes can a RrGg individual produce?
Four:
RrGgRrGg
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18. How many different gametes can a RrGg individual produce?
Four:
RrGgRrGg
RG
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18. How many different gametes can a RrGg individual produce?
Four:
RrGgRrGg
RG
Rg
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18. How many different gametes can a RrGg individual produce?
Four:
RrGgRrGg
RG
Rg
rG
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19. How many different gametes can a IIrrYY individual produce?
One:
IIrrYY
I Yr
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20. What is the square below called?
x
A Punnett Square
R Round seed
Wrinkled seed r
LegendF1
P
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21. What does P and F1 stand for?
x Parental generation
R Round seed
Wrinkled seed r
LegendF1
P
Filial generation(offspring)
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22. What is the genotype of each parent?
r r
R
r
R Round seed
Wrinkled seed r
LegendF1
x ? ?
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22. What is the genotype of each parent?
r r
R
r
R Round seed
Wrinkled seed r
Legend
HeterozygousHomozygous
recessive
F1
x Rr rr
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23. What is the phenotype of each parent?
Round seeds
Wrinkled seeds
r r
R
r
R Round seed
Wrinkled seed r
LegendF1
x Rr rr
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24. Complete the Punnett Square?
r r
R
r
R Round seed
Wrinkled seed r
Legend
Rr Rr
rr rr
F1
x Rr rr
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25. What percent of the F1 offspring are homozygous recessive?
r r
R
r
R Round seed
Wrinkled seed r
Legend
Rr Rr
rr rr
F1
x Rr rr
50 %
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26. For this cross, what percent of F1 offspring will be homozygous dominant?
x
p p
P
P
P Purple flower
White flower p
Legend
PP pp
Pp Pp
Pp Pp
F1
P
0 %
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27. A principle that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently
during the formation of gametes.Independent assortment
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28. How many different gametes can the three sets of chromosomes shown below form when they assort independently ?
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28. How many different gametes can the three sets of chromosomes shown below form when they assort independently ?
23 = Eight different gametes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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29. Name the type of inheritance pattern displayed by the examples shown below.
Roan cow
Pinto (Paint)
Erminette chicken
Spangled chicken
Codominance
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30. Name the type of inheritance pattern shown below
Incomplete dominance
Parents
F1
F2
X Hybrids
X
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31. Name the type of inheritance pattern displayed by the examples shown below.
Multiple alleles
P = patternp = no patternPM = MoonPB = Box
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32. Name the type of inheritance pattern displayed by the examples shown below.
Polygenic Inheritance
Human eye color and fruit fly eye color
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33. Besides genotype, what other factor influences how a snowshoe hare’s phenotype (coat color)
changes over a period of one year?
The environment
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34. Put the following phases of meiosis I in the correct order of occurrence and then label them.
C D EA B
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34. Put the following phases of meiosis I in the correct order of occurrence and then label them.
CD EAB
Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I Interphase II
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35. Put the following phases of meiosis II in the correct order of occurrence and then label them.
CD EAB
Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I Interphase II
JF IHG
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35. Put the following phases of meiosis II in the correct order of occurrence and then label them.
CD EAB
Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I Interphase II
JF IHG
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35. Put the following phases of meiosis II in the correct order of occurrence and then label them.
CD EAB
Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I Interphase II
J F IH G
Prophase II Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II Cytokinesis
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36. Draw a diagram showing the process of crossing over.
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37. Draw two genes that are not linked.
Because the black and green genes are on separate chromosomes, they
are not linked.
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38. Draw two genes that are linked.
Linked genes
Because the purple and white genes are on the
same chromosome, they are linked.
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39. Which gene pair is most likely to be separated by a crossing over event and why?
Because genes B and C are very close to one another,
there is a low probability that a crossing over event will
occur between them.
A
B
C
Because genes A and C are far apart from each
other, there is a high probability that a crossing
over event will occur between them.
Genes A and C
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40. Who is this guy and what important work did he do?
Gregor Mendel: He discovered some basic
rules of heredity by experimenting with
pea plants.