General Introduction to Nano body

General Introduction to Nano body

Nano bodies are a unique form of monoclonal antibodies, characterized by a single antigen binding domain, present in camels. With a molecular weight of only 1215 kDa, Nano body are much smaller than common antibodies (150160 kDa), and even smaller than Fab fragments (~50 kDa, one light chain and half a heavy chain) and single-chain variable fragments (~25 kDa).The size reduction of an antibody into a Nano body (and the concomitant reduction in valence from bivalent to monovalent) can cause a dramatic change in biological activity, which provides many advantages over conventional antibodies and their recombinant fragments.Firstly, like conventional antibodies, Nano bodies show h Nano bodyigh target specificity, high affinity for their target and low inherent toxicity. Secondly, Nano bodies are generally very stable and have the potential to be administered by means other than injection thus are easy to clone , therefore they are to be expressed with high yield.However, like small molecule drugs they have the opportunity to inhibit enzymes and readily access receptor clefts, which is challenging with conventional antibodies.