general groups of antibiotics,their efficacy by abbas khawaja uvas lahore, pakistan +92 301 321 2009
DESCRIPTION
A concise and precise presentation about the general groups of Antibiotics and their efficacyTRANSCRIPT
What are Antibiotics?
• Chemical substances
• Kill or suppress growth of bacteria
• Natural, Synthetic, Semi-synthetic
Antibiotic Activity
Bacteriostatic
• Inhibit growth and multiplication of bacteria
Bactericidal
• Cause death of bacteria
Antibiotic Spectrum
• Range of pathogens against which Antibiotics are active
Broad spectrum• G+ve and G-ve both
Narrow spectrum• G+ve or G-ve
Properties of an ideal Antibiotic Drug
• Powerful action against bacteria
• Selective toxicity
• Well distributed in the body
• No effect on host immune system
• Cost effective
• Easily available
Mode of action
• Inhibit cell wall synthesis
• Inhibit Protein synthesis
• Inhibit cytoplasmic function
• Affect Nucleic acid metabolism and synthesis
Groups, Action & Primary Spectrum of Important Antibiotics
Drugs Family Static Cidal G+ve G-ve Action
Ampicillin Penicillin - + + + Inhibit
Cell wall
synthesisCarbenicillin - + - +
Cloxacillin - + + -
Methicillin - + + -
Nafcillin - + + -
Penicillin-G - + + -
Drugs Family Static Cidal G+ve G-ve Action
Cephalexin Cephalo-
sporins- + + + Inhibit
Cell wall
synthesisCephaloridine - + + +
Cephalothin - + + +
Chloramphenicol + - + +
CEPHALOSPORINS
AMINOGLYCOSIDES
Drugs Family Static Cidal G+ve G-ve Action
Gentamycin Amino-
Glyco-
sides
- + - + Inhibit
Protein
SynthesisKanamycin - + + +
Neomycin - + + +
Streptomycin - + + +
MACROLIDES
Drugs Family Static Cidal G+ve G-ve Action
Erythromycin Macrolide + - + - Inhibit
Protien
SynthesisOleandomycin + - + -
Tylosin + - + +
Tetracyclins And Quinolones
Drugs Family Static Cidal G+ve G-ve Action
Tetracyclins Tetracyclins + - + + Inhibit
Protein
Synthesis
Nalidixic Acids
Quinolones + - - + Inhibit
Enzyme
Functions
SULPHONAMIDES
Drugs Family Static Cidal G+ve G-ve Action
Sulphadiazine Sulphona-
mides+ - + + Inhibit
Cytoplasmic
Function
Sulphamerazine + - + +
Sulphadimethoxine + - + +
Antibiotics Available In Market
Product Amoxi-vet (Inhibit Cell wall synthesis)
Company ICI Pakistan
Composition Amoxicillin-----150 mg/ml
Spectrum Broad Spectrum
Route S/c or I/m
Packing 50 ml and 100 ml vials
Dosage Animal-----Weight(kg)-----Dose vol.
Cattle ----- 450 ----- 20 ml
Sheep ----- 65 ----- 3 ml
Dogs ----- 20 ----- 1 ml
Cats ----- 5 ----- 0.25 ml
Antibiotics Available In Market
Product Colimoxin Inj. (Inhibit Cell wall synthesis)
Company Selmore Pharmaceuticals
Composition Amoxicillin ........ 100 mg/ml
Spectrum Broad Spectrum
Route S/c or I/m
Packing 50 ml and 100 ml vials
Dosage 1ml per 10kg body weight of animal for 3 days.
Antibiotics Available In Market
Product Genton (Inhibit Protein Synthesis)
Company ICI Pakistan
Composition Gentamycin Sulphate BP----------100 mg/ml
Spectrum Narrow (Against G-ve Only)
Route I/m or Slow I/v
Packing Bottle of 50 ml and 100 ml
Dosage Cattle ------ 4 ml / 100 kg b/w
Horses----- 4 ml / 100 kg b/w
Sheep and goat ----- 3 ml / 70 kg b/w
Dogs, cats ----- 0.25 ml / 5 kg b/w
Antibiotics Available In Market
Product Gentasel-10 Inj. (Inhibit Protein Synthesis)
Company Selmore Pharmaceuticals
Composition Gentamicin Sulphate 159mg equivalent to gentamicin 100mg/ml
Spectrum Narrow (Against G-ve Only)
Route I/m
Packing 50ml and 100 ml vials
Dosage Cattle: 5ml/100kg b/w
Sheep/Goat: 2.5ml/50kg b/wDog/Cat: 0.1ml/2kg b/w
Antibiotics Available In Market
Product Tryton (Interferes with cytoplasmic functions)
Company ICI Pakistan
Composition Trimethoprim BP ----- 80 mg/ml
Sulphadiazine BP ----- 400 mg/ml
Spectrum Broad Spectrum
Route I/m or Slow I/v
Packing Bottle of 10 ml and 50 ml
Dosage 1 ml / 32 kg b/wCattle, buffalo, sheep, goat and horses
Antibiotics Available In Market
Product Tribactral Fort suspension (Interferes with cytoplasmic functions)
Company Selmore Pharmaceuticals
Composition Trimethoprim BP ----- 80 mg/ml
Sulphadiazine BP ----- 400 mg/ml
Spectrum Broad Spectrum
Route In drinking water orally
Packing 100 ml and 250 ml Bottles
Dosage 1ml per 4.5 liters of drinking water daily for 5 days.
Antibiotics Available In Market
Product Oxy-5 Inj. (Inhibit Protein Synthesis)
Company Selmore Pharmaceuticals
Composition Oxytetracycline .......... 5.495 g/ml
Spectrum Broad Spectrum
Route I/m
Packing 50 ml vials
Dosage Cow/Buffalo/Sheep/Goat
4-5ml per 50Kg body weight of animal for 3-5 days.
