GenderInSITE: Gender in Science, Innovation, Technology and Engineering Second Planning Meeting

February 1-4, 2011 Chateau Villiers, Villiers-en-Mahieu, France

1. Background and Introduction GenderInSITE – Gender in Science, Innovation, Technology and Engineering – is a global, multi-sectoral, multi-stakeholder initiative organized by the Gender Advisory Board – UN Commission on Science and Technology for Development (CSTD), the Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSDW), and TWAS – the academy of sciences for the developing world, to promote:

• the role of women IN science, technology and innovation, • how science, technology and innovation can be FOR women, or how can it serve

women’s lives and livelihoods at the grassroots level.

The first GenderInSITE Planning Meeting was held in January 2010, hosted by UNESCO in Paris and funded by Sida. Thirty participants from UNESCO, ICSU, Chinese Academy of Sciences, InterAcademy Panel, FAO, AAAS, OIC, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, SOPAC Fiji, Zayeb International Prize for the Environment, as well as the organizing groups, attended. The purpose was to consult with experts from all regions on the value, targets, and focus areas of a campaign (See the full participants’ list in Appendix One). This first workshop was convened as a result of the situation that studies conducted over the past 20 years have led to the recognition that there is a strong gender dimension to the application of science and technology for development. Women and men contribute in different ways to the creation of scientific and technological knowledge. Men and women are often affected in different ways when science and technology are applied to meet development objectives. Women and men have different S&T priorities in support of their daily activities – For example, in looking at gender differences in agriculture, women and men grow different kinds of crops in different regions. Men tend to produce mainly field and cash crops, while women grow and prepare food for the family in home gardens or small lots near the home. Their priorities for seed, fertilizer, technology and other inputs will differ accordingly. The result of this first meeting was an agreement to develop an international campaign, GenderInSITE, to work with decision makers on raising awareness of the gender, science, technology and innovation dimensions of development. It seems to the GenderInSITE participants that many policy and decision makers concerned with science, technology for development are unaware of this gender dimension. If they were aware, and acted on the basis of this awareness, we believe that their policies and decisions would have a major impact on a new type of development. What is needed is a recognition that the different roles and responsibilities of women and men /boys and girls in family care, domestic chores, income earning, health support and food security require a “gender lens” be applied to STI

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for development. If it isn’t, then it will be neither effective or sustainable. On February 1-3, 2011, a second planning meeting was held at Chateau Villiers near Paris. Fifteen participants represented the organizing groups, Sida, the UNESCO Chair on Women in S&T in Latin America, the African Centre for Technology Studies, the Elsevier Foundation, the L’Oreal Foundation and the Rand Africa First Ladies Initiative (See Appendix Two for the participants’ list). The purpose of the meeting was to refine the purpose, vision and messages developed at the first planning meeting, and to recommend an organizational structure and action plan to carry GenderInSITE forward. Presentations on experiences and lessons learned of other related campaigns were made by representatives of the Africa Centre for Technology Studies (ACTS), the L’Oreal Foundation, Maplecroft concerning their participation in the Nike Foundation’s Girl Effect campaign, the Rand Africa First Ladies’ Initiative, and the UNESCO Chair for Women and S&T in Latin America.

2. Rationale and policy context The international policy context for this work consists of the Gender Working Group Recommendations to the CSTD, and the UNESCO World Conference on Science in Budapest in 1999. The 1995 recommendations of the Gender Working Group to the CSTD proposed a set of seven transformative actions, which if implemented in different countries would help establish greater gender equity in science and technology and help ensure greater success in the application of science and technology for development. These transformative actions addressed gender inequalities in science and technology education; the removal of barriers to careers for women in science: policies to ensure technical change benefited the lives of both women and men in an equitable way; gender equity in the consideration of ethical issues in the application of science and technology to development; and the need to collect gender disaggregated statistics. UNESCO has continued to review these issues, and Gender and Science was one of the main themes of its World Science Conference held in Budapest in 1999. Paragraph 90 of the Framework for Action contains a comprehensive list of actions for governments and agencies to promote the participation of women in science in education, the workforce, and decision making, including research on best practices, and the collection of statistics. In particular it calls for the launch, in collaboration with UNESCO and UNIFEM, of "national, regional and global campaigns to raise awareness of the contribution of women to science and technology, in order to overcome existing gender stereotypes among scientists, policy-makers and the community at large".

Para 90, World Conference on Science Taking into account the outcome of the six regional forums on women and science sponsored by UNESCO, the Conference stresses that special efforts should be made by governments, educational institutions, scientific communities, non-governmental organizations and civil society, with support from bilateral and international agencies, to ensure the full participation of women and girls in all aspects of science and technology, and to this effect to: • promote within the education system the access of girls and women to scientific

education at all levels; • improve conditions for recruitment, retention and advancement in all fields of

research; • launch, in collaboration with UNESCO and the United Nations Development Fund for

Women (UNIFEM), national, regional and global campaigns to raise awareness of

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the contribution of women to science and technology, in order to overcome existing gender stereotypes among scientists, policy-makers and the community at large;

• undertake research, supported by the collection and analysis of gender-disaggregated data, documenting constraints and progress in expanding the role of women in science and technology;

• monitor the implementation of and document best practices and lessons learned through impact assessment and evaluations;

• ensure an appropriate representation of women in national, regional and international policy- and decision-making bodies and forums;

• establish an international network of women scientists; • continue to document the contributions of women in science and technology. To sustain these initiatives governments should create appropriate mechanisms, where these do not yet exist, to propose and monitor introduction of the necessary policy changes in support of the attainment of these goals.

We also know that the MDGs require both S&T and gender equality in order for countries to reach their targets by 2015, and to achieve equitable and sustainable poverty reduction. For example, it is critical to support women’s poverty reduction and food security activities to achieve Goal number 1 – priorities should include prominent development and dissemination of ergonomic and more efficient agricultural tools for women subsistence farmers, while ensuring that adequate transport and roads exist to enable them to sell their agricultural produce. Recognizing women’s environmental management practices and local knowledge about forests and common land management provide a basis for achieving MDG 6. In 2007 UNESCO published the "International Report on Science, Technology and Gender” which brought up to date the analysis of these issues. It was complemented by 2006 InterAcademy Council report, Women for Science, as well as EU work in the area and initiation of a range of regional and institutional programmes to study and act on removing the barriers to increased gender equity identified in the international reports.

3. Overall vision, purpose and objectives As a result of the discussions undertaken over the course of the two meetings, it was agreed that the overall vision for the GenderInSITE campaign is best expressed as follows: STI for development policy and programs will be more effective, equitable or sustainable when the gender lens is applied – that is, when it reflects the aims, concerns, situation and abilities of both women and men.

The purpose of the GenderInSITE campaign is to participate in global discussions and mobilise a range of stakeholders at all levels to:

• Raise the awareness of policy and decision makers about the gender dimension of science, technology and innovation for sustainable development.

• Demonstrate with a limited number of issues and sectors how gender analysis of science technology can lead to a new and fairer type of development.

• Highlight women's role in development and how it can be supported using science and technology;

• Promote the contributions of women to STI. The objectives are to support the vision by promoting an understanding of the need to:

• Recognize and support the capacity of women to advance and use STI globally,

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nationally and locally, recognizing that countries cannot achieve development goals and improve standards of living without empowering women

• Mobilize STI systems and institutions to support women as social and economic agents in rural areas.

The main beneficiaries are women and men / girls and boys at the grassroots; women scientists; and decision makers.

4. Role/purpose of GenderInSITE Some of the main agreed functions of the campaign can include consolidating and connecting the messages of different groups as well as coordinating and connecting up related initiatives in diverse sectors. All of this could increase the impact of individual groups. The intent is to work from top and bottom at the same time in a holistic approach. It will be important not to add additional messages or ‘problems’ to the mix, but to provide decision makers and other groups with solutions to existing problems. The approach will be to help people find their low-hanging fruit, i.e., work within their zone of comfort and help them towards implementable and successful solutions. One simple and straightforward activity is to identify and highlight practical and effective solutions of STI for gender-equitable global sustainable development. This involves building on lessons, models and experiences of other initiatives. Connecting up to international and regional networks on science, technology and development will spread the network of allies and provide channels for both for the gathering and the disseminating of research and models.

5. Targets/ audience The overall target for this campaign is decision makers – in government and policy, science institutions, NGOs and civil society, and international, regional and national agencies. For several reasons, the message and the information conveyed by the campaign need to be evidence-based, built on solid research and data; they will need to provide a bridge from knowledge to action – that is, provide concrete and specific recommendations and models for action; and they will need to help policy makers solve their problems.

While some partners will be approached initially, the first targets of the GenderInSITE work will be those who can become partners to help spread the word:

- National gender machineries such as Ministries of Gender/Women - Policy makers in other government departments - International science institutions - Media - International and UN agencies in relevant sectors - Donors / development banks - National STI mechanisms and funds [i.e. incubators] - Family / parent support organizations.

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6. Message

The discussion on message was the most comprehensive. It will be critical for the success of the initiative to develop an overall simple and clear message that reverberates – yet conveys a very complicated message.1 This overall message will remain constant, but the case or illustrative example can be changed each year. The decision on the illustrative cases will be made to address pressing issues at the time or a major international event. No clear final decisions were made, but a range of messages were discussed which might have relevance for various levels and purposes of the campaign. It was agreed that it would be most useful to have two or three main, concrete messages. These could apply to the overarching theme of the campaign and/or the separate messages of the two arms of the campaign. (See Section 9 below). The one underlying theme, which may or may not need to be articulated as part of the message, is to present women as “The untapped solution” or “The 100% solution”. The messages which received the most support by the end of the meeting were:

• Science with women, women for science • Women in science and science for/with women • Science, innovation, technology and engineering (SITE) with women and men for

greener futures Further work on refining the overall message will be done with the organizing group, key partners, and advertising and marketing experts.

7. Activities Role models and spokespersons There was substantive discussion on the potential of using celebrity spokespersons at some point in the campaign. The value of using these kinds of spokespersons is that they can command global attention, they appeal to people’s sense of excitement and currency. Types of potential spokespersons include:

- local women leaders and MPs - women leaders who win international awards of some kind (e.g. Waangari Maathai) - high-profile women politicians - women athletes in Kenya and Ethiopia are seen as strong role models for girls who

promote independence, toughness, and physical ability. The other advantage of using women athletes is that they are already engaged in a related activity and can easily cross over to STI issues. Billy Jean King is an example of a woman who understands the need for more girls and women to go into health and other sciences.

Developing awards for different activities, and ensuring publicity around them are also ways of creating role models. Examples include the L’Oreal UNESCO Women for Science prizes and the OWSDW-TWAS-Elsevier Prizes for Young Women Scientists. Awards for mentoring are an example of an award which promotes activities to support women and girls in SITE.

1 For this reason it was agreed to divide up the themes and messages under two main foci: Women in science, innovation, technology and engineering; and SITE to support women’s development and grassroots activities. See Section 10 below.

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Engagement with policy and decision makers An important strategy, given the targets of the campaign, is to develop policy communication materials and approaches which link to international and national events / initiatives / years. They would highlight the connections of these events to gender implications in a range of sectors. The key here is to identify issues that have solutions, and provide information / documentation on rationale and implementation. By seeing how a gender lens approach can solve critical national problems, targets of the campaign will be encouraged to use it. Policy maker capacity building workshops will encourage policy engagement and can be held in relation to specific policy events. National case studies – assessments The National Assessments on Gender and STI project currently underway by OWSDW and WIGSAT with the support of the Elsevier Foundation is a project that can be a starting point for a series of national level reviews. The assessments include qualitative and quantitative analysis on the status of women in STI systems, as well as comparative assessments of the different strengths, weaknesses and gaps in diverse countries in different regions. The project has potential to be expanded to other countries and provide macro-level indicators to track the status and progress of countries in mobilizing women SITE. Communications strategy Development of a communications strategy will be critical for the campaign. Some of the key points for this particular campaign include developing a simple message that reverberates from a very complicated message. The main requirements for an effective communications strategy, one with high impact, are:

• Using the data to build a story, and building stories around the data – this is often more compelling than providing a set of “facts” to prove a point

• Identifying the audience for the message(s) and testing different messages with focus groups

• Incorporating a ‘call to action’ : identifying what we want the audience to think, to do, what actions can we encourage them to take. This includes providing options for action, as well as encouraging the sense that what they do can make a difference. There is a need to get the audience to “buy in” to the message, to take it on as a personal commitment.

• Identify resistance to the message: where is it, what is the extent of the resistance, and what to do to mitigate, avoid, or overcome it?

Finally, a range of materials will need to be developed that are adaptable, that are available for partners and participants to use in various fora, and that will encourage greater understanding of the issues. It will need to include:

1) Website and internet-based networking approaches, including: • Banners or links which can be posted on other websites to direct traffic; • A stand-alone website which includes a range of printed and video resources. It

would present the materials developed for the content and advertising of the campaign, as well as direct the visitor to other key resource sites.

• Social networking inputs could include i.e. videos, facebook pages, including a call for submissions for videos on stories from the field.

2) Media materials, promotion of the topic at media conferences, and supporting

fellowships for coverage of gender and STI issues.

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3) Downloadable and adaptable materials such as speakers’ notes, training modules,

topic guides, etc.

4) Editorials / articles in the main SITE journals – Potential activities include: • Geoff / Mohamed to write articles for Science; The Lancet; SciDev.Net; Cell;

Nature • These articles could be taken to places, persons, events • Approach Science and Nature to do a coordinated effort

5) Targetted policy briefs and fact sheets in the topic areas of the campaign.

6) Regular communications with partners, networks and targets, including press

releases; newsletters, and other reaching out activities.

7) Ad campaign.

8) Training / capacity building workshops with other stakeholders, including educators, NGOs, professional organizations, extension agents, etc.

8. Outcomes and indicators

This aspect of campaign planning will be addressed in more detail at the upcoming workshop on Results-Based Management which will be held at TWAS in April, supported by Sida.

9. Themes While the meeting participants agreed that there is a gender dimension to almost all science, technology and innovation decisions – a few pivotal issues and sectors were identified which, when addressed in a more “gender aware” manner, will likely lead to a new and fairer type of development. As a result, initial discussions were held in breakout groups on two main themes for the campaign:

• Promoting women’s leadership equally with men in STI systems • Ensuring that STI for development strategies benefit both women and men in their

differing roles and positions in society. It was agreed that these two themes would include and provide an organizing framework for the focus areas identified in the first meeting. These areas are:

1. Education and research, focusing on education and training of women and girls at all levels of the STI system.

2. Employment / workforce and leaky pipeline issues, particularly the loss of women in the transition from the educational system to the STI workforce

3. Innovation systems, SMEs and technology transfer, with a focus on the role and situation of women in informal and grassroots innovation systems in both rural and urban settings

4. Gender and STI dimensions of global climate change. Focusing on women’s role in the STI system, and development of technologies to support recovery and adaption efforts.

For each of the overarching themes, the main goal, sub themes and areas of focus were

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identified as well as main players, targets, beneficiaries and potential partners. 9.1 Promoting women’s leadership in STI systems The title for this theme is “Leadership with women for a greener future”. The main goal: Highlight the positive impact of parity of men and women for inventing solutions for green technologies to drive a greener economy. (Details on goals, sub-themes and focus are outlined in Appendix Three.) Areas of focus were identified as:

• Getting positive messages to women scientists that they can have a successful career, including the use of role models

• Getting positive messages to decision-makers in institutions so that they are aware of what can be done to remove obstacles from women’s career paths.

• Different strategies for different stages of the career ladder. Potential messages for the theme were identified as:

• New leadership for a new age – (inclusive, importance of women leaders and women’s leadership, men need to think differently)

• [Embracing] [Engaging] new leadership • A new generation of leaders, both men and women, to address issues of

sustainability and green technologies to change development through a gender lens. During the discussion, the value of working with the IAP Women for Science regional networks in LAC (coordinated by the InterAmerican Network of Academies of Science – IANAS), sub-Saharan Africa and Asia were highlighted, in addition to other regional networks. It was agreed that a strength of the campaign could be the generation, dissemination and highlighting of regional data, research, context, issues and activities related to this topic. 9.2 STI for development to benefit both women and men The title for the theme is “Developing STI based development solutions with women and men”. The overarching concept is taken from work developed by the Gender Advisory Board for the CSTD, around gender, technology and sustainability. The main approach is to overlay a gender lens to the interconnecting nature of the ‘health of the planet’ and ‘health of the people’. That is, addressing basic needs for human development with SITE is critical, but it won’t be successful or sustainable unless environmental considerations are taken into account. All of this of course will not be effective unless a gender lens is applied, or unless women’s and men’s differential access to resources, their concerns, perspectives, capacities and creativity are taken into account. Developing and implementing policies for this include understanding the policy environment and harmonization; capacity building strategies for policy developers and programme implementers as well as beneficiaries. Recognizing and supporting the innovative capacity and knowledge of women and men and the grassroots is critical; as is recognizing the importance of multi-stakeholder, diverse and flexible partnerships for development and implementation; and scaling up successful models for action. Some of the main goals of the theme include:

• Women and men developing technologies

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• Women setting agendas about technology development • Women choosing technologies • Technology supporting women’s lives.

Sub-themes would include basic grassroots technology and sustainability issues such as :

• food security and agriculture • water and sanitation • energy • local knowledge systems • biodiversity • natural resources management • nutrition • poverty • climate change-related and other shocks and disasters.

Potential messages for the theme could include:

• Women and men [imagining] and inventing new solutions together / in partnership • Picking up on women’s contributions • STI with a gender lens = solution • Imagining a better world; if you can dream it you can do it • Doing SITE without women is like doing a job with one hand tied behind one’s back

See Appendix Four for more details.

10. Structure Organizing Group The core organizing will be made up of GAB, OWSDW, TWAS, the UNESCO Chair on Women in Science and Technology in Latin America and representatives of networks from Africa and Asia.

In view of their support for and mandates concerning women in STI and STI for development, UNESCO and ICSU will be invited to join the organizing group.

The core organizing group will act as an Executive Committee and lead the initiative for the first 3-4 years, during which time a distributed leadership model will be set up, with the goal of achieving regional leadership of the initiative by year five. Leadership may also be cross-distributed by sector, i.e. agriculture, energy, etc. Governing council The Governing Council will be made up of representatives from or nominated by the full members from the following groups:

• Regional networks • Regional academies and Women for Science Working Group members • Donor representatives • Others/ associates as deemed necessary • The Secretary to governing council will be the CEO of GenderInSITE

Term of membership will be a maximum of two three-year terms, and ad hoc committees will be formed on an as-needed basis. Decision making structure

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Executive Committee |

Governing Council |

(Ad hoc committees to advise on specific topics and issues) |

Secretariat – Regional Nodes |

Partners |

Affiliates

Other bodies • Ad hoc committees • Communications / PR Committee made up of UN and publishing companies, PR and

marketing firms Funding Executive Committee will make decisions on funding, guided by UN Compact – rules concerning donor engagement – and other considerations.

11. Partners

• UNESCO • Academies / Women for Science

• Connect up through the regional networks Women for Science which are developing. These can be ways to find and disseminate regional research, data, cases and models for action.

• IANAS • EASAC • NASAC • AASA • NASIC

• National Commissions UNESCO (Participation program) and selected Regional Offices

• Regional Offices TWAS • Regional Offices ICSU • Women Organizing for Change in Agriculture and Natural Resources Management

(WOCAN) • FAO • IFAD • International Development Research Centre, Canada (IDRC)

12. Next steps The next steps are to:

• Finalize the key messages and focus of the campaign for Years 1-5. • Develop and approve a 1-5 year action plan with budgets • Develop a plan of action for the first year to establish the campaign networks and

main activities. • Aim for a GenderInSITE launch to be held in approximately one year, potentially

hosted by the Department of S&T in South Africa. This is dependent on the achievement of a full package of partners and committed participants, funding, a package of tools, and activities, and an active communications program.

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Relevant events which can be linked to or used to promote the campaign in 2011 include:

• AU/ AMCOST Decade of Science • World Conference of Science Journalists, Cairo, June 27-29 2011

o Elsevier will have a stand there; Elsevier is supporting participation of develoing country journalists and case studies in selected topics

• International Year of Chemistry o Int’l Conference of Women in S&T, September

• World Economic Forum, Dalian China – Young Champions – 14 -16 September • International Year of Forestry • TWAS meeting, Morocco, September • ICSU General Conference in Rome, September • World Science Forum • G77 Summit – September - Libya • UNESCO General Conference 26 October – 11 November • Bio USA • Triple Helix, UK • British Science Festival • LDCs conference, May • South Africa – Science Centres and Museums – October (UNESCO is the convener)

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Rio +20 and the PrepComs AAAS, Vancouver BioVision, March, Alexandria Euro Science Open Forum, Dublin, July Planet Under Pressure, London, March (ICSU)

Preparation and engagement with these events will include:

• Development of speaking notes related to the issue; • policy briefs and fact sheets • identification of persons already going and existing related events or side events

which can be built on. For example, speaking notes and fact sheets related to these events could address:

• Representation of women in sciences and in science leadership internationally – why is it an issue? Why is it important? What can be done to encourage more women at higher levels in chemical sciences?

• Forestry – Women’s role in agroforestry; women’s management of forests; promoting women in natural resources management and sciences

• Public communication of science: promoting science with the public; encouraging the interest of women and girls

• Biographies and summaries of work of scientists with women to address development issues

• Eminent women scientists in the regions • S&T to support women’s food production, water, energy and income-generation

activities These fact sheets would need to be complemented by active communication strategies in the form of:

- press releases - web portal which points to important resources and activities - newsletter and outreach - development of brochures and publicity documentation for exhibits and conferences.

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Appendix One Workshop to Plan International Campaign to Promote Gender and Innovation for Development Paris, January 18-19, 2010 Participants Kaiser Jamil, President, TWOWS Shirley Malcom, Co-Chair GAB, Director, EHR, American Association for the Advancement of Sciences (AAAS) Mohamed Hassan, Executive Director, TWAS Alice Abreu, Director, ICSU Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean Meshgan Al-Awar, Zayeb International Prize for the Environment, Dubai Honourable Sulayma Albarwani, MP, Sultanate of Oman Shaidah Asmall, Country Director South Africa, USAID Lidia Brito, Director, Science Policy Division, UNESCO Lala Bukarau, SOPAC, Fiji Gulser Corat, Director, Gender Equality, UNESCO Mme Fang Xin, Praesidium, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shuquin Fu, Chinese Academy of Sciences Julia Hasler, Programme Specialist, UNESCO Prof. S. Hassoun, President, Arab Academy for E-Business, Syria Sophia Huyer, Senior Advisor, TWOWS Yianna Lambrou, Senior Officer, Gender Equity & Rural Development, FAO Zhao Langxian, Chinese Academy of Sciences Diana Malpede, Science Policy Division, UNESCO Tony Marjoram, Head of Engineering Sciences, Division of Basic and Engineering Sciences, UNESCO Peter McGrath, Program Officer, TWAS Leena Mungapen, TWOWS Secretariat Romain Murenzi, ex Minister of Education, S&T, Rwanda; Fellow, AAAS Sudha Nair, Program Director, M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, India Tanveer Naim, Organization of Islamic Countries, Pakistan AnnaKarin Norling, Policy Specialist, Research, Sida Peggy Oti-Boateng, Director, Technology Consultancy Centre, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana Geoffrey Oldham, Prof. Emeritus, SPRU; Gender Advisory Board (CSTD), UK Sandra Ravalico, TWAS

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GenderInSITE: Workshop to plan an International Campaign to Promote Gender and Innovation for Development II Paris, February 1-3, 2011 Participants Shirley Malcom, Co-Chair, Gender Advisory Board and Director, Education and Human Resources, AAAS, USA Farida Shah, Vice President Asia, Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSDW), Malaysia Mohamed Hassan, Executive Director, TWAS Gloria Bonder, UNESCO Chair on Women in S&T in Latin America, Argentina Jennifer Campbell, Director, Corporate Philanthropy, L’Oreal Foundation Sophia Huyer, Senior Advisor, Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSDW), Canada Erika Kraemer-Mbula, UK Peter McGrath, TWAS Diana Malpede, Science Policy Division, UNESCO Cora Neumann, Co-Director, RAND African First Ladies, Hungary AnnaKarin Norling, Sida, Sweden Geoffrey Oldham, Gender Advisory Board and Honorary Professor, Science Policy Research Unit, UK David Ruth, Senior Vice President - Global Communications, Elsevier, USA Ylann Schlemm, Corporate Relations Manager, Elsevier, Netherlands Judi Wakhungu, Director, Africa Centre for Technology Studies (ACTS), Kenya Alyson Warhurst, Maplecroft, UK

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Appendix Three

Breakout group: Women in STI Rapporteur: P. McGrath

Main goal:

Highlight the positive impact of parity of men and women for inventing solutions for green technologies to drive a greener economy.

Equal participation in scientific careers (based on the fact that teams comprising a balanced no. of men and women are more productive: ‘Talking About Leaving’ paper cited by Judy). Note: Back in plenary, this was changed to ‘equal opportunity for both women and men to participate, rather than equal participation. Sub-themes / Areas of focus: There needs to be:

(i) Positive messages sent to women scientists that they can have a successful career (role models are important)

(ii) Positive messages sent to decision-makers in institutions so that they are aware of what can be done to remove obstacles from women’s career paths.

(iii) An understanding of why so few women enter the fields of mathematics and physics (compared especially to the life sciences) and to promote these subjects to women.

(iv) Different strategies for different stages of the career ladder: Concerning role models – show how they have succeeded; if it was “easy” – investigate how/what back-up they had; highlight and honour their achievements. Sensitize women to let them know “they can do it”. Investigate how women are succeeding in the biological sciences in Latin America, Malaysia, Turkey, etc. Sensitize men to inform them that “parity is good”. Investigate maternal/paternal leave situation in various countries; identify a good model that might work elsewhere, noting that some cultures (e.g. in Africa) there is a stigma attached to paternal leave. Concerning the science system – push for adequate women’s representation on peer review and interview committees etc. Make sure selections are based on merit and that that merit is defined on a transparent basis. Targets / Beneficiaries: Girls and families emphasizing that science is a good career and the training is useful in a number of other careers, so can be a springboard. Young women scientists. Decision-makers/heads of institutions – to be informed how they can improve the work environment to attract and retain more women. The scientific community (academies, learned societies, etc.). Donor community – for example with re-entry grants to get young faculty into research careers.

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Partners: Young women scientists / OWSDW members. Decision-makers/heads of institutions. The scientific community (academies and their regional networks, learned societies/ICSU and its members, etc.). UN agencies, especially UNESCO, UN Women. University networks, e.g. ACU, AUF, AAU. Outcomes / Indicators: Level of parity for women at all career levels (also considering life sciences vs other sciences, basic vs applied, etc). No. of grants awarded to women scientists. No. of women scientists in academies. No. of women scientists invited as guest speakers at major international conferences. Richer scientific community able to solve challenges / more productive. (Can we identify institutions where there are a good number of women at all levels and compare these to similar institutions in the same/neighbouring country?).

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Appendix Four Harmonizing ST&I with women and men for better/meaningful futures Main goals

• Women developing technologies • Women setting agendas about technology development • Women choosing technologies • Technology supporting women’s lives • Upscaling and disseminating appropriate technologies • Highlighting women’s innovative responses to development challenges • Greater participation of women in the sectors and areas around / related to S&T • How to craft knowledge / conception of technology production for the wellbeing of

society and unreached groups – as a part of education of extensionists and educators

Targets and partners

• CGIAR • CSIRs • Groups training extension workers • Schools of agriculture and engineering • Policy makers in the relevant ministries – education, health, agriculture, natural

resources, energy, ICT, gender • Private sector • Media focused on development, STI, gender • Trade organizations • Development banks and international organizations • Donor community • Professional societies, i.e. ICSU, IUPAP, etc. • Community groups • Local governments • NGOs and advocacy groups • Women’s organizations

Partners (don’t need targeting)

NGOs and advocacy groups – WOCAN / Practical Action

Women’s organizations

FAO / IWRI / WHO / PAHO