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• How to use MEC• Identify and use perfect modals in

passive voice to present a theory about a past event.

• Practice skills to present a theory about a past event.

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1/14Activity: Grammar. Look at the sentences below and identify the use and the structure.

Present a theory about a past event

Perfect modals to speculate about the past.Not certainOThe dinosours might have been killed by a meteor.OThe trees could have been destroyed by a fire.Almost certainOThe stone balls must have been moved using animalsVery certainOThe crater had to have been caused by a meteorite.OThe trees couldn’t have been burned in a fire.

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1/14Activity: Grammar. Look at the structure.

Present a theory about a past event

Perfect modals to speculate about the past.

modal verb have been verb in past part