gb2013 frank goodwin_ international zinc association
TRANSCRIPT
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A galvanização e os investimentos em portos
byFrank GoodwinWilliam Marques
International Zinc Association
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Shipyards in Brazil
January 2012
• 47 Shipyards • 11 New yards under
construction • 59,000 workers
directly employed • 6.2 Million DWT
order book • 18 Offshore Oil
Platforms under construction
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The most important ports
• Porto de Santos – SP• Porto de Vitória – ES• Porto de Paranaguá – PR• Porto de Rio Grande – RS• Porto de Rio de Janeiro – RJ• Porto de Itajaí – SC• Porto de São Sebastião – SP• Porto de Itaqui – MA• Porto de Aratu – BA
Port of Santos
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Brazilian Shipyards DWT under construction
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Brazilian ShipyardsToday’s Order Book and New Orders as of January 2012
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BrasFELS - Angra dos Reis (RJ) specializes in offshore production platforms.
Atlantico Sul Shipyard – Suape (PE) Large crude carriers, offshore platforms and drill ships
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Port Facilities
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Portos e Navios
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Port of Vancouver, BC
Delta Port- Vancouver’s largest container terminal
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Delta Port handles the largest container ships afloat and features dual-hoist gantry cranes – a first in the Americas - along with super post-panamax cranes, 3 berths and advanced computer systems.
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Delta Port – galvanized structures
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Delta Port – galvanized structures
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Dredge “Ned Edwards”Port of New Orleans, USA
Galvanizing used for handrails, stairs, walkways, and platforms
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Dredge “Ned Edwards”Port of New Orleans, USA
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Arbon MarinaLake Constance, Switzerland
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Arbon Marina
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Arbon Marina
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Bottighofen marinaLake Constance
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Bottighofen Marina
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Bottighofen Marina
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Galvanized boat trailers at Bottighofen Marina
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Bottighofen marina
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Duplex Coating
• The protection of steel by a layer of zinc which is overcoated by a non-metallic coating
• The purpose is to provide additional corrosion resistance, easy visibility, camouflage or a pleasing aesthetic appearance
• Corrosion resistance of a properly applied duplex coating can provide corrosion protection outside the pH or Cl- range normally acceptable for galvanizing.
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• Zinc products of Corrosion far less than RED Rust
• Blistering (corrosion creep) of paint therefore far less than when it is direct onto steel
• Zinc products of corrosion tend to seal the pours in the top paint coating
• Results in the “Synergistic effect”, which is:
Why does a Duplex System Work?
Duplex Service Life = Factor x (Zn Life + Paint Life)
e.g. Service Life = 1.5 x (9 years + 5 years)
= 21 years to 5% rust
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Synergistic factors
• Industrial/Marine 1.8 to 2.0• Sea water (immersion) 1.5 to 1.6• Non-aggressive climate 2.0 to 2.7
• Paint is not there to protect the zinc, but zinc is there to support the paint when it starts to fail!
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Atmospheric corrosive environments classified in terms of ISO 9223
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Galvanized & Painted Weed Bars in a LockLocation: Delfzijl, The Netherlands
After17 years, stillno sign ofrust
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Specify type and thickness of paint in accordance with ISO 12944:1998
Part 5 Table A.9
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S te p 3
* S e le c t a n IS O 1 2 9 44 c om plia nt s ys te m
Th e p a in t s ys te m s g iven in th e fo l low in g tab le a re o n ly e xa m p les ,. O th e r p a in t s ys te m s h a vin g th e s a m e pe rfo rm an ce
a re p o s s ib le .
If th e s e e xa m p le s a re u s ed , i t s h a ll b e e n s u re d tha t the p a in t s ys te m s ch o s e n co m p ly w ith the in d ica te d du ra b ili ty w h e n e xecu tio n o f the p a in t w o rk ta ke s
L M H L M H L M H L M H H L H
S9.01 - - 1 80 1 80
S9.02 1 40 1 80 2 120
S9.03 1 80 1 80 2 160
S9.04 1 80 2 160 3 240
S9.05 - - 1 80 1 80
S9.06 1 40 1 80 2 120 -
S9.07 1 80 1 80 2 160
S9.08 1 80 2 160 3 240
S9.09 - - 1 80 1 80
S9.10 1 40 1 80 2 120
S9.11 1 80 1 80 2 160
S9.12 1 80 2 160 3 240
S9.13 1 80 2-3 240 3-4 320
1-pack 2-pack
PV C x PV C = Po lyvinyl chloride
A Y x
EP x
PU R x
1) Th e m e ch a n ica l o r ch e m ica l s u rfa ce p re pa ra tion re rq u ire d is d es cribe d in ISO 1 2 94 4 -4 .
2) Th e d u ra b il i ty is in th is cas e re la te d to th e p a in t s ys te m ad h e s io n to th e h o t-d ip -g a lva n ize d s u rfa ce .
3) N D FT = N o m in a l D ry Film Th ickn e s s . S e e 5 .4 fo r fu rth e r d e ta ils .
4) If co lo u r a nd g los s re te n tio n is re q u ire d , it is re com m e n de d tha t th e las t co a t s h o u ld b e b a s e d o n a lip ha tic PU R .
5) Fo r e xp la n a tio n o f ab b re via tio n s , s e e fo o t o f ta b le
6) L igh t g re y s h a d in g in d ica te s th a t th e p a in t s ys te m s con ce rn e d w o u ld n o t n o rm a lly b e u s e d fo r th e s e co rro s ivity ca te g o rie s .
Th ey a re n o t l is te d in tab le A.2 an d /o r A.3 .
E N IS O 12944-5:1998T ab le A9: P a in t system s co rro siv ity ca teg ories C 2 to C 5-I an d C 5-M
S ub strate: H o t-d ip -g alvan iz ed s tee l¹)
Paint S ys tem
N o
Priming co at(s) T o p co at(s)) inc lud ing intermed iate co at(s ))
Paint system E xp ected durab ility 2 ) 6 )
(see 5.5 and ISO 12 9 4 4 - 1)
B inder 5) Number of coats
NDF T 3)
µm
B inder 5) Number of coats
NDF T 3) µm
A Y A Y
C 5-I C 5-M
PV C PV C
C 2Total NDF T 3) µm
C 3 C 4
EP or
PUR
EP or
PU R 4)
B inders fo r p riming co at(s) Paints ( l iq uid )
No o f components W ater borne
possible
B ind ers fo r to p co at(s)
x
Paints ( l iq uid )
No. o f components W ater borne
possible 1-pack 2-pack
EP = Epoxy
= A crylic x A Y = A crylicx x
= Po lyvinyl chlo ride
xx
= Po lyurethane PUR = Po lyurethanex x
= Epoxy x
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When to paint the galvanized structure
• Apply the paint system as soon as possible after galvanizing, after correct pre-treatment
• Weathered galvanizing, which is suitably cleaned, can provide a satisfactory surface on which to apply paint but this should only be considered if material is situated on a site where corrosion is relatively mild and a stable weathered zinc surface has developed.
• Painting of freshly galvanized structures should never be deferred in a marine environment where the need to remove unstable zinc corrosion products, prior to painting, could render the system less effective.
• Or, apply a suitable primer at this stage, followed by a compatible top coat on site.
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Conclusions
• Galvanized steel is not well known, or much used, in Brazilian ports
• Case studies show this could be an important market for the galvanizer
• Severe marine climates suggest duplex coatings may be required to give 20 years before significant maintenance is required.