gas welding report.docx

8/14/2019 GAS WELDING REPORT.docx

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[Nama]| 01DKP13F1030 | 18 Oktober 2013

KM 104GAS WELDING REPORT


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PAGE 1

DEFINITION OF WELDING

Welding is a materials joining process which produces coalescence

of materials by heating them to suitable temperatures with or without the

application of pressure or by the application of pressure alone, and with or

without the use of filler material.

Welding is used for making permanent joints. It is used in the

manufacture of automobile bodies, aircraft frames, railway wagons,

machine frames, structural works, tanks, furniture, boilers, general repair

work and ship building.

DEFINITION OF GAS WELDING

It is a fusion welding in which strong gas flame is used to generate

heat and raise temperature of metal pieces localized at the place where

joint is to be made. In this welding metal pieces to be joined are heated.

The metal thus melted starts flowing along the edges where joint is to be

made.

A filler metal may also be added to the flowing molten metal to fill

up the cavity at the edges. The cavity filed with molten metal is allowed to

solidify to get the strong joint. Different combinations of gases can be

used to obtain a heating flame. The popular gas combinations are oxy-

hydrogen mixture, oxygen-acetylene, and etc. different mixing proportion

of two gases in a mixture can generate different types of flames with

different characteristics.


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GAS WELDING EQUIPMENT

GAS WELDING SAFETY EQUIPMENT

GOOGLE


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PAGE 3

GAS WELDING EQUIPMENT

TORCH

APRON

GLOVE

SAFETY SHOES


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PAGE 4

HOSE

FLASHBACK ARRESTOR

OXYGEN PRESSURE

REGULATOR


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PAGE 5

ACYTELENE PRESSURE

REGULATOR

CYLINDER

SPARK LIGHTER

FILLER ROD


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PLIERS

WIRE BRUSH

TYPE AND PROPERTIES OF FLAMES, WORKING

FLAME

There are three basic flame types:

i. Neutral (or balanced)ii. Reducing or carburizing (excess acetylene)

iii. Oxidizing (excess oxygen)


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An oxidizing flame should not be used for welding steelbecause the deposited metal will be porous, oxidized, and

brittle.

A slightly oxidizing flame is used weld brass and bronze

iii. Carburizing flame: which has excess acetylene The inner cone has a feathery edge extending beyond it If the acetylene feather is twice as long as the inner cone it is

known as a 2x flame, which is a way of expressing the amount

of excess acetylene

The carburizing flame may add carbon to the weld metal It has a temperature of approximately 5700F (3149C) at the

inner cone tips

A carburizing flame is advantageous to weld monel metal(certain alloy steels and hard facing such as nonferrous alloys

as nickel.


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PAGE 9

WELDING OPERATION

I. PRESSURE SETTINGII. LIGHTTING UPIII. CLOSING DOWN


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PAGE 10

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

GENERAL SAFETY PRACTICES

Some hazards are common to both electric arc and oxygen-fuel gas

welding. If you work with or near a welding operation, the following

general precautions should help you to work more safely.

Weld only in designated areas Only operate welding equipment you have been trained to use Know what the substance is thats being welded and any coating on

it

Wear protective clothing to cover all exposed areas of the body forprotection sparks, hot spatter, and radiation

Protective clothing should be dry and free of holes, grease, oil, andother substance which may burn

Wear flameproof gauntlet gloves , a leather apron, and high-topshoes to provide good protection against sparks and spatter

Wear specifically designed, leak-proof helmets equipped with filterplates to protect against ultraviolet, infrared, and visible radiation.

Never look at a flash, even for an instant Keep your head away from the plume by staying back and to the

side of the work.

Use your helmet and head position to minimize fume inhalation inyour breathing zone

Make sure there is good local exhaust ventilation to keep the air inyour breathing zone clear


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Don weld in a confined space without adequate ventilation and aNIOSH-approved respirator

Dont weld in wet areas, wear wet or damp clothing or weld withwet hands

Dont coil the electrode cablearound your body Keep a fire watch in the area during and after welding to be sure

there are no smouldering materials, hot slag or live sparks which

could start a fire

Locate the nearest fire extinguisher before welding Provide enough ventilation wherever gas welding, cutting, and

heating operations are performed. Proper ventilation will protect the

operator from the evolving noxious fumes and gases.

SAFETY PRACTICES OF GAS WELDING

GENERAL SAFETY PRACTICE


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Some hazards are common to both electric arc and oxygen-fuel

gas welding. If you work with or near a welding operation, the

following general precautions should help you to work more safely.

Weld only in designated areas Only operate welding equipment you have been trained to use Know what the substance is thats being welded and any

coating on it

Wear protective clothing to cover all exposed areas of the bodyfor protection sparks, hot spatter, and radiation

Protective clothing should be dry and free of holes, grease, oil,and other substance which may burn

Wear flameproof gauntlet gloves , a leather apron, and high-top shoes to provide good protection against sparks and

spatterWear specifically designed, leak-proof helmets equipped with

filter plates to protect against ultraviolet, infared, and visible

radiation.

Never look at a flash, even for an instant Keep your head away from the plume by staying back and to

the side of the work.

Use your helmet and head position to minimize fumeinhalation in your breathing zone

Make sure there is good local exhaust ventilation to keep theair in your breathing zone clear

Don weld in a confined space without adequate ventilationand a NIOSH-approved respirator


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Dont weld in wet areas, wear wet or damp clothing or weldwith wet hands

Dont coil the electrode cable around your body Keep a fire watch in the area during and after welding to be

sure there are no smouldering materials, hot slag or live sparks

which could start a fire

Locate the nearest fire extinguisher before welding Provide enough ventilation wherever gas welding, cutting, and

heating operations are performed. Proper ventilation will

protect the operator from the evolving noxious fumes and

gases.

SAFETY PRACTICE OF GAS WELDING WORK

Use correct shaded lens when welding.

Wear heat-resistant, non-flammable gloves.


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Keep area and clothes free from grease or oil. Do not oil or grease cylinder screws. Report defective material or tools to instructorWelding and cutting should be done in well ventilated areas Use soap and water to check for gas leaks

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT


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HOUSEKEEPING WORKS

GLOVES

PRON

GOGGLES


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A good housekeeping program plans and manages the orderly

storage and movement of materials from point of entry to exit. It includes

a material flow plan to ensure minimal handling. The plan also ensures

that work areas are not used as storage areas by having workers move

materials to and from work areas as needed. Part of the plan could include

investing in extra bins and more frequent disposal.

The costs of this investment could be offset by the elimination of

repeated handling of the same material and more effective use of the

workers' time. Often, ineffective or insufficient storage planning results in

materials being handled and stored in hazardous ways. Knowing the plant

layout and the movement of materials throughout the workplace can help

plan work procedures.

Worker training is an essential part of any good housekeeping

program. Workers need to know how to work safely with the products

they use. They also need to know how to protect other workers such as by

posting signs (e.g., "Wet - Slippery Floor") and reporting any unusual

conditions.

Housekeeping order is "maintained" not "achieved." Cleaning and

organization must be done regularly, not just at the end of the shift.

Integrating housekeeping into jobs can help ensure this is done. A good


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housekeeping program identifies and assigns responsibilities for the

following:

clean up during the shift

Day-to-day cleanup

Waste disposal

Removal of unused materials

Inspection to ensure cleanup is complete

Do not forget out-of-the-way places such as shelves, basements,

sheds, and boiler rooms that would otherwise be overlooked. The orderly

arrangement of operations, tools, equipment and supplies is an important

part of a good housekeeping program.

The final addition to any housekeeping program is inspection. It is

the only way to check for deficiencies in the program so that changes can

be made. The documents on workplace inspection checklists provide a

general guide and examples of checklists for inspecting offices and

manufacturing facilities.

gas welding report.docx

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