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Pramod Kumar PradhanMPT I Year Gait AnalysisModerator ; Dr Manish GoonEvaluator: Hghgdgs

parameters, observational and instrumental, pathological

Gait AnalysisGait Analysis Definition: Gait is described as a translatory progression of the body as a whole produced by coordinated, rotatory movements of body segments.

Normal gait is:Rhythmic and is characterized by alternating propulsive and retropulsive movement of the lower extremities essentially to support and carry along the HAT.

HAT = 75% of body weightHead + Arm = 25% of body weight

Trunk = 50% of body weightCoordinationBalanceIntact kinesthetic and Propioceptive Sensation andIntegrity of joints and musclesGait requires:

Walking is the result of Cyclic series if movement. And a Gait cycle is considered as its most fundamantal unit.Gait Cycle:A gait cycle includes the activities that occur from the point of initial contact of one lower extremity to the point at which the same extremity contacts the ground again.

Phases of Gait Cycle:In a Gait Cycle one extremity passes through two phasesStance PhaseSwing Phase

Stance Phase:It begins at the instant when one extremity contacts the ground( Heel Strike) and continues as long as some portion of the foot is in contact with the ground (Toe Off). 60%Swing Phase;It begins as soon as the toe of one extremity leaves the ground (Toe Off) and ceases just before the same extremity contacts the ground or supporting surface (Heel Strike). 40%Stance Phase Swing Phase

Double-Limb Support:It is defines as the period in which some portion of the feet of both the extremities are in contact with the supporting surface at the same time.Division of Stance Phase Traditional

Heel StrikeFoot FlatMid StanceHeel OffToe Off Rancho Los Amigos

Initial Contact Loading Response Mid Stance Terminal Stance Pre SwingDivision of Swing PhaseTraditional

Toe Off to AccelerationAcceleration to Mid SwingMid Swing to Deceleration Rancho Los Amigos

Initial SwingMid SwingTerminal Swing

Parameters Time and Distance are two of the basis parameters of Motion and measurements of these variables provide a basic description of gait.Temporal Variables Distance VariablesStance TimeSingle-limb and Double limb timeSwing TimeStride TimeStep TimeCadenceSpeedStride LengthStep LengthWidth of Walking BaseDegree of Toe OutDeterminants of Gait

Lateral Pelvic TiltKnee Flexion during Mid StanceKnee InteractionAnkle InteractionForward and Backward Rotation of Pelvis Physiological Valgus of Knee