g lobal p ositioning s ystem
DESCRIPTION
G lobal P ositioning S ystem. Vamshi Linga Clint Reitsma. Outline. Where it came from How it works Error Correction Galileo and Future Uses. Where it Came From. Funded and Controlled by U.S. DOD Originally Designed for the Military 1978 First Block of Satellites launched - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Global Positioning System
Vamshi LingaClint Reitsma
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Outline
• Where it came from• How it works• Error Correction• Galileo and Future Uses
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Where it Came From
• Funded and Controlled by U.S. DOD• Originally Designed for the Military• 1978 First Block of Satellites launched• 1989 Second Block of Satellites launched• 1995 Fully Operational• Korean Flight 007 Crashed – President Ronald
Regan guaranteed all GPS signals would be available to the world
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How it works
• Space Segment• Control Segment• User Segment
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Space Segment• Five to Eight
Satellites visible at any time
• Each satellite transmits data including both current location and time
• Signals move at the speed of light
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Space Segment
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Control Segment• Five Control Stations, Master Control at Schriever
Air Force Base in Colorado• Monitor satellite health and exact positions• Makes Corrections
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Control Segment
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User Segment
• Consists of Receivers
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User Segment
• Triangulates by measuring distance using the travel time of radio signals– (Velocity)*(Time)=Distance
• Very accurate time required (Atomic Clocks on Satellites)
• Along with distance, Satellite position is required
• Correction of errors
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User Segment: Time
• Star Spangled Banner Example• Times are very short (0.06 s)
– .001 of second error = 200 miles error– Atomic clocks cost $75,000– Use a forth Satellite Measurement
• Pseudo Random Code– Complicated to make unique (not actually
random)– Each satellite has own unique code
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User Segment: Position
• Orbits of Satellites are exact and known by receivers (preprogrammed)
• DOD monitors and updates ephemeris errors (orbit errors)
• Pseudo Random Code includes navigation message with ephemeris error information
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User Segment
Perfect Example Real Example Corrected Example
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Error Correction
• Differential GPS• Cooperation of two receivers
– One stationary– One Mobile
• Stationary Receiver measures timing errors and provides correction– Uses equation backwards– Uses Known position to calculate time
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An enabling technology
• Marine navigation• Air Navigation• Land navigation• Surveying• Military applications
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Military applications
• Navigation• Tracking• Bomb and Missile
guidance• Rescue• Facility Management
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Navigation
• Used to reach and destroy vital enemy installations
• Provides the accurate positional data
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Tracking
• Track potential targets• Smart Bombs• Time space position information
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Missile Guidance
• Cruise missiles• Multiple launched
Rocket system Vehicles
• Reduces the chances of detection and counter Bombardment
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Rescue and Facility management
• Co-Opted with GIS• Can help manage and operates large
bases which cover extensive areas.
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Galileo Project• Inter-operable with GPS
and GLONASS• Under civilian control• Four of the first
operational satellites will be launched in 2005-2006
• Consists of 30 satellites• 23616 km altitude above
the Earth• Coverage from 2008
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Present developments
• Estimated 3.2 billion Euros• Investment for the first quarter Around 1 billionIndia-350 million EurosChina-300 million EurosMore than 600 million by ESA
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Why does Europe and Asia need Galileo
• Civilian uses?• Geo-political implications?
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Conclusion
• Website