functional zoning and implementation of the ecosystem approach kerteshev wetlands_2011_may_eng

Kazakhstan

United Nations Development Programme in Kazakhstan

Functional Zoning and Implementation of the Ecosystem Approach in Planning Project Activities in Three Wetlands in

Kazakhstan

Talgat KerteshevNational ManagerWetlands Project

Kazakhstan


Project Objective and Outcomes

Project objective is to demonstrate integrated methods of biodiversity conservation and sustainable use at three priority wetlands

Project outcomes:

• National wetland biodiversity conservation policy, regulatory and institutional framework approved and in place• Strengthened Protected Area Management• Increased stakeholder awareness and support• Stakeholders empowered to sustainable utilize the productive landscape around priority• Biodiversity Conservation Fund

Kazakhstan


Demonstration on Three Sites

Kazakhstan


Key threats to the wetlands

Unsustainable use of biological resources

Uncontrolled visits/tourism in the wetlands

Unsustainable use of water resources

Kazakhstan


Assessment of the current status of three wetlands based on the ecosystem approach

In 2004-2006 the Project conducted comprehensive field surveys to assess the current status of the biodiversity, terrestrial and aquatic habitats as well as social and economic conditions in three wetlands.

For the first time in Kazakhstan, research methodologies based on the specification of aquatic and terrestrial types of ecosystems were endorsed. Key and monitoring higher plant and animal species were identified with a reference to the identified types of ecosystems.

The research findings became the basis for expanding the Alakol and Korgalzhyn Reserves as well as for establishing a new nature reservat, Akzhaiyk, in the Ural river delta with adjacent Caspian coast (based on key species) and for arranging monitoring of biodiversity and habitats (based on monitoring species).

Kazakhstan


Cartographic Method

The map of ecosystems is the linchpin which structures the natural information as the basis for future land-use planning (PA system, ecological networks, sustainable development zones)

ecosystems

sample points

overlay analysis

ecosystem valuation

Kazakhstan


Kazakhstan


Types of ecosystems

Project sites

Alakol-Sassykkol lakes Teniz-Korgalzhyn lakes

Ural river delta and adjacent Caspian coast

Ecosystemsidentified:

59


116


23

Kazakhstan


Kazakhstan


Biodiversity and PAs

Indicators Ural river delta Tengiz-Korgalzhyn

Alakol- Sassykkol

Higher plantsFishBirds

20476103

16617112

24917

107

PA status Akzhaiyk Reservat

Korgalzhyn Reserve

Alakol Reserve

Area of globally significant wetlands, 000 ha 280.0 1602.6 914.7

PAs, 000 ha 111.5 543.2 65.2

% PA coverage 39.8 (0% - 2004)

33.9 (16.2% - 2004)

7.1(1.4% - 2004)

Kazakhstan


Результаты орнитологических исследованийРезультаты орнитологических исследований

Kazakhstan


Functional Zoning

The basis for land-use planning by the Project is the identification of functional zones in the entire project site (URL, TK and AS).

A functional zone is based on the key principle of wetlands protection which is implemented at two levels: 1) through targeted protection of protected areas; and 2) creation of an effective system for nature use regulation throughout a wetland site

Kazakhstan


Functional Zones

1. PA zone (reserve status, protected zone)

2. Recreational zone

3. Water resource zone

4. Zone of regulated nature use with below subzones:– a) subzone of environmentally benign farming and traditional

cattle breeding;– b) subzone of pasture ecosystem restoration and mobile

grazing;– c) subzone of driving-pasture grazing; – d) subzone of environmentally benign irrigated farming; – e) hunting subzone;– f) fishery subzone.

5. Settlement zone

Kazakhstan


Kazakhstan


Development of alternative sustainable livelihoods

23 grant projects,$370.3 k

11 microcrediting subprojects,

$260 k

34 subprojects in total

Sources of financing

Kazakhstan


Areas of grant subprojects

Soil degradation control

Development of aquaculture,sustainable fishery

management

Demonstration of alternative energy

sourcesWater-efficient processes

Sustainable hunting management

Ecotourism development

Sustainable pasture management

Grants

Kazakhstan


Areas of microcrediting subprojects

Improvement of hay fields

Ethnic clothes sewing

Utilization of local materials and wastes

Koumiss production small shops

Development of small greenhouses

Development of homestays

Microcredits

Kazakhstan


1. 1. Ecotourism development in Dzungarian Alatau (Zhamanty tract) to reduce burden on the lake ecosystems. Performed by Alakol Tabigaty NGO

ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT

2) Creation of a specialized ecological route to implement the ecotourism concept, infrastructure development, local community capacity building in ecotourism in Koktuma village. Performed by Ecooasis NGO

Kazakhstan



Development of informative tourism in the protected zone in the Alakol Reserve through the arrangement of a tourist route

Kazakhstan



Making of souvenir felt and wooden itemsMaking of souvenir felt and wooden items, , development of development of handicrafts and osier basket makinghandicrafts and osier basket making

Kazakhstan


SUSTAINABLE FISHERY MANAGEMENT METHODS

1. Conceptual approaches to sustainable fishery management include: introduction of sustainable fishery management indicators, improvement of methods for assessing optimal allowable catch, minimal allowable catch, fishing intensity, creation of conditions for fish stock reproduction and community-based fishery management as well as improvement of fishery legislation.

2. The Concept was based on the FAO’s Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries implemented internationally.

3. The Project approaches were summarized in the Guidelines: Sustainable Fishery Management at Koshkarkol Lake, issued in Kazakh and Russian.

Kazakhstan


Establishment of a hatchery

IMPLEMENTATION OF SUSTAINABLE FISHERY MANAGEMENT METHODS

Kazakhstan


Details of the demonstration sitesDetails of the demonstration sites

35.853.928.2% coverage

327.5 876.080.9Agricultural land

914.71,626.0287.3

Area of globally significant wetlands, 000 ha

Alakol ReserveKorgalzhyn ReserveAkzhaiyk ReservatPA status

24/ 37,564 15/11,0001996 – 22,725

16/23,197Settlements/population

24917

107

16617

112

20476

103

Number of species:Higher plantsFishBirds

Alakol-SassykkolTeniz-Korgalzhyn Ural river deltaIndicators

Kazakhstan


Development of Sustainable Agriculture

1. Total number of sustainable agriculture projects: 17 projects, including 13 grant projects and 4 microcrediting

projects.

2. Seven 1 kW solar generators and one 3 kW solar generator were installed during Phase 1.

3. Phase 2 included sustainable agriculture activities (rehabilitation of abandoned and degraded land, pasture enhancement, water supply, assistance in establishing Rural Associations of Water Users and repair of irrigation systems, restoration of distant pasture grazing, etc.).

Kazakhstan


Implementation of Water Efficient Processes

Reduced water consumption from the Tentek river by repairing the Reduced water consumption from the Tentek river by repairing the irrigation network and using water-efficient processes in the Alakol-irrigation network and using water-efficient processes in the Alakol-Sassykkol project siteSassykkol project site

1. Cultivation of vegetable and cucurbit crops at the area of 3 ha using film covers, by DAN Farm

Result : 1) with slow water absorption and lasting water conservation in the

ribs the water consumption was proven to reduce by 30-35%; 2) due to longer vegetation period by 25-45 days the maturation was

accelerated and the productivity doubled; 3) the crops were irrigated 8-9 times rather than 21-23 times; 4) the productivity increased by 2.5 times and the maturation reduced by 20-

25 days; 5) the profit from 3 ha is equal to the profit of soy cultivation at 40

ha.

Kazakhstan


CONCLUSIONS

1. For the first time in Kazakhstan the Project identified types of ecosystems in three wetlands; this was the basis for assessing the current status of the ecosystems and biodiversity.

2. The PA system was enlarged as two PAs were expanded and one new PA was established; this was done by identifying the value of the ecosystems based on the distribution of key plant and animal species.

3. Systemic monitoring programme was implemented based on the monitoring of indicator species with a link to their habitats.

4. Three project sites were zoned with the implementation of sustainable land management methods, and this serves to the implementation of the land legislation (Article 8 of the Land Code).

5. The zoning approaches can be later used by local governments to zone the lands surrounding the wetlands to identify the usage purposes and regimes.

Kazakhstan


THANK YOU!

functional zoning and implementation of the ecosystem approach kerteshev wetlands_2011_may_eng

Education

infrastructure development

development of handicrafts

identified types of

significant wetlands

map of ecosystems

lake ecosystems

settlement zone

monitoring of biodiversity