( ( From Smoke signals to From Smoke signals to Email: Keeping in touchEmail: Keeping in touch))

Page 8

Reading

Some pictures about signals(Communications means)

Mountaintops Signals

smoke from fire to transmit messages

Towers Signals

Drum Signals Letters telegraph

Listen and Discuss

Before reading Page 8

To scan means to read quickly to find specific information.

1 .What was used in Greece to relate the news of the fall of Troy?

Before reading Answer these questions:

a chain of fires on mountaintops .

2 .What did native people in the Americas use to transmit messages?

smoke from fires.

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3 .What did native people developed?

They developed a code—in which certain combinations of smoke rising had specialmeanings. For example, two parallel columns of smoke indicated the successful return of a war party.

4 .What did Cyrus, an ancient Persian ruler, establish?

lines of signal towers .

5 .What was the idea of signals towers?

People with powerful voices shouted a message to the next tower, and in this way, news and information was passed on through the kingdom

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6 .How did people (native) in central Africa use the drum?

The sender uses a drum that can produce a high or low tone. Because the local dialectalternates in these tones, the sender is able to simulate speech with the drums.

7 .In modern time, Do people still use the ancient ways for communications?

No, they do not. They use new methods .

8 .When was the first Email message?

It was in 1971.

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9 .What did these letters mean “QWERTYUIOP?

This is just the top row of keys on an English-language keyboard. Tomlinson was just testing out the system and using a nonsense message

10 .Who was Ray Tomlinson?

one of a group of scientists who were working on developing better computers .

11 .What did the scientists do?

scientists were able to send a message to a “mailbox” on the computer on their site.

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12 .Did Ray Tomlinson invent the (@) sign? ExplainYes, he did. To identify messages that were headed out of the local machine to the more distant ones .

13 .How was the number of people in the 20 and 21 centuries?

In 20 century there were 263 million email boxes. In 21 century has grown to over 2 billion .

14 .What do you think about the function of email and cell phones messages in the future?

The functions of email services in the future will become more and more diversified. And text messaging on cell phones is also increasing.

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1 .Complete the following sentences about the reading.

After Reading Page 9

1 .People have shown a need to communicate with one another since.____________

2 .When Native Americans saw two columns of smoke ,_____

______

3 .Although drums are used in Central Africa to communicate messages, only a few non-natives .____________

the Stone Age

they knew that a war party was returning and that it was successful

can understand the drum language

4 .When Tomlinson sent his first message, he wasn’t thinking of .____________

5 .Although email only began in the 1970s, by the end of the 20th century ,.____________

6 .Nowadays, millions of people are used to.____________

starting a revolution in communication

there were 263 million email boxes

being in constant touch with people who are long distances away

1 .Think about how you communicate with diff erent people.

2 .Work in groups. Make notes in the chart below.

3 .Use your notes to talk about communication in class.

4 .Which are the most common and most effective ways? Why?

Ways I communicate

AdvantagesDisadvantages

With friends

With relatives

With otherpeople who livefar away

Text messagesFast and easy to use

Cost a lot of money

Cell phones

You can call in anywhere and available to everyone

Cost a lot of money

EmailIt doesn’t cost a lot of money

You need to be in a place that has a hot spot (wireless connection)

Prepared by

Khalid Saeed Al shahraniالشهراني سعيد خالد

المعلم اعداد

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