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Bruno SaccoTony Kerselaers
The Lakhovsky
Multiple Wave Oscillator
Secrets Revealed
Fourth edition
“The important physical phenomena that has been given to me to be discovered and which are not yet conveniently studied deeply for lack of suitable instruments (wave meters, mirror galvanometer, tubes filled of rare gas or to different rarefaction, localizers, micro-voltmeters, ohmmeters, etc.), make me to believe that its scientific importance will be recognized in future as extraordinary. “
Doctor Nicola Gentile (About the Lakhovsky MWO, Medicina Nuova, 1935)
Fourth Edition, spring 2016
Torino, Italy Herselt, Belgium
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Copyright Protected The right of the author(s) to be identified as the author(s) of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents.
All rights reserved, worldwide. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the European Copyright, Designs and Patents, without the prior permission of the author(s). Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The authors are not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought.
DISCLAIMER This book is a research publication of Multi Wave Research. It contains accurate analysis of the original Lakhovsky Multiple Wave Oscillator produced by C.O.L.Y.S.A. in France during 1931 and 1940. Relevant original documents are translated and added to this book. The discussed material is never been published before and it provides the knowledge to build Lakhovsky Multiple Wave Oscillators and open doors for further experimentation in this field by competent researchers. Read this book thoroughly before undertake any experiments. High frequency, high voltage electric apparatus can cause serious shock injury or death and should only be handled by knowledgeable, competent people. All experiments are conducted solely at your own risk. We disclaim any responsibility for the use or misuse of any information in this book. While this book touches on the subject of human health, all information should be considered as anecdotal and should not in any way be used to construct a medical device. We are not qualified to give medical advice and the use of experimental equipment and research techniques described in this book may provide a false sense of security wherein one may neglect medical care. Important: it must be kept in mind that experiments with Tesla coil like devices (as with all high frequency emitting devices) can result in serious faults to nearby electronic devices. The generated interference to life sustaining devices, including pacemakers, can result in injury or death.
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About the Authors
Bruno Sacco is an Electrical Radio Engineer. He graduated at Politecnico di Torino in 1988. He has been working at Alenia-Galileo where he was involved in antennas and radar measurement systems. Now he works for RAI Research Center (Radio and TV) where he is involved in digital transmission, RF design and laboratory measurements.
Tony Kerselaers is an Electrical Radio Engineer. He graduated at HIDN Mechelen in 1980. He has been working for Philips Electronics for many years on RF products and antenna systems. He works currently for NXP Semiconductors on antennas, communication systems and personal health products. Tony filed 40+ patents in this field.
Authors’ Acknowledgments The authors give heartfelt thanks to Jean Claude Dupuy, our colleague researcher, Roger Blain, researcher and MWO member of the first hour and Mr. Gianfranco Galvani of the Rimini Lakhovsky Center in Italy. We are grateful for the support by the many consulted specialists and especially to Dr. Massimo Balma, Prof. Pierluigi Civera, Dr. Prof. Franco Bistolfi and Prof. Mauro Brescia and Dr. Massimo Nardi for long and interesting technical and historical discussions. To Luciano Bezerédy, who knew Boris Vassileff and witnessed the use of MWO, for his kind cooperation. Additionally we like to thank Guy Thieux for providing his historical letters. Finally the authors wish to thank their families, who once again put their lives on hold during many travels and hours spend on research.
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Table of contents
1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 12
2 Georges Lakhovsky .............................................................................................. 18
2.1 History [Portes] ................................................................................................ 18
2.2 Georges Lakhovsky’s theories and results ...................................................... 24
2.3 Radio Cellular Oscillator .................................................................................. 26
2.4 The Multiple Wave Oscillator ........................................................................... 28
3 An attempt to write the history of the Lakhovsky Multiple Wave Oscillator .... 30
3.1 The first prototype ........................................................................................... 31
3.2 The first clinical experimentation model .......................................................... 32
3.3 The first production model ............................................................................... 33
3.4 Other production models ................................................................................. 34
3.4.1 Dr. Boris Vassileff #2 model......................................................................... 34
3.4.2 Dr. Boris Vassileff #3 model......................................................................... 35
3.4.3 Late C.O.L.Y.S.A. model ............................................................................. 36
3.4.4 Family model ............................................................................................... 37
3.4.5 Lepel model ................................................................................................. 38
3.4.6 Portable model ............................................................................................. 39
3.4.7 Post World-War II Givelet model ................................................................. 40
4 Analysis of the C.O.L.Y.S.A. original Multiple Wave Oscillator ......................... 42
4.1 How the circuit works ...................................................................................... 44
4.2 Electrical diagrams .......................................................................................... 48
4.3 Antennas ......................................................................................................... 50
4.4 Tesla coils ....................................................................................................... 54
4.4.1 Transmitter coil BV1 .................................................................................... 55
4.4.2 Receiver coil BV1 ........................................................................................ 56
4.4.3 Transmitter / Receiver coils BV2 .................................................................. 57
4.5 High Voltage Transformer and Ballast ............................................................. 63
4.5.1 Transformer BV1 ......................................................................................... 64
4.5.2 Transformer BV2 ......................................................................................... 65
4.6 Spark gap design and history .......................................................................... 66
4.7 Tank Capacitors .............................................................................................. 68
4.8 Protection filter ................................................................................................ 69
4.9 Boost capacitor ................................................................................................ 70
4.10 MWO wiring ..................................................................................................... 71
4.11 Antennas mechanical connection details ........................................................ 73
5 Laboratory measurements on original Multiple Wave Oscillators .................... 76
5.1 Measurements on BV1 MWO .......................................................................... 77
5.1.1 Coil resonances ........................................................................................... 77
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5.1.1.1 Resonances of transmitter coil BV1 ................................................ 77 5.1.1.2 Resonances of receiver coil BV1 ..................................................... 78
5.1.2 Acoustic resonances of antenna rings ......................................................... 79
5.1.3 System resonances ..................................................................................... 80
5.1.3.1 BV1 Transmitter System resonance ................................................ 80 5.1.3.2 BV1 Receiver System resonance .................................................... 81
5.1.4 Waveforms................................................................................................... 82
5.2 Measurements on BV2 MWO .......................................................................... 84
5.2.1 Antennas resonances .................................................................................. 84
5.2.2 Coils resonances ......................................................................................... 87
5.2.3 Acoustic resonances of antenna rings ......................................................... 89
5.2.4 Waveforms................................................................................................... 89
5.2.5 New investigation on ground inductance ..................................................... 93
5.2.6 Measuring the MWO in the microwave range .............................................. 94
5.2.6.1 Measurement Set-up and procedure ............................................... 94 5.2.6.2 Results ............................................................................................ 95
5.2.7 E-field measurements of BV2 MWO ............................................................ 96
5.2.7.1 Purpose ........................................................................................... 96
5.2.7.2 Measuring setup .............................................................................. 96 5.2.7.3 Ez component of the electric field .................................................... 97 5.2.7.4 Ez component of the electric field at the head position ................... 99
5.2.7.5 Ey component of the electric field .................................................. 100
5.2.7.6 Ex component of the electric field .................................................. 101 5.2.7.7 Comparison of the measured E field components ......................... 102 5.2.7.8 Discussion ..................................................................................... 102
5.2.8 Chemical analysis on the BV2 SparkGap .................................................. 103
5.3 Measurements on BV3 MWO ........................................................................ 104
5.3.1 Coil resonances ......................................................................................... 104
5.3.2 Waveforms................................................................................................. 105
5.3.3 Antenna first ring resonance measurement ............................................... 108
5.4 Comparison of Measurements ...................................................................... 109
5.4.1 MWO parameters ...................................................................................... 109
5.4.2 Antennas ................................................................................................... 110
5.4.3 Coil resonances ......................................................................................... 111
5.4.4 MWO in operation ...................................................................................... 111
6 Do it yourself: how to build your original-complaint MWO .............................. 112
6.1 Project “T1”.................................................................................................... 113
6.1.1 Description ................................................................................................. 113
6.1.2 Electrical diagram ...................................................................................... 114
6.1.3 Most important components....................................................................... 115
6.1.4 MWO in operation ...................................................................................... 122
6.2 Project “T2”.................................................................................................... 124
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6.2.1 Description ................................................................................................. 124
6.2.2 Electrical diagram of “T2” model ............................................................... 124
6.2.2.1 Tank capacitors ............................................................................. 125 6.2.2.2 1Kohm resistors between HVT and spark gap .............................. 126
6.2.2.3 Electrical connections of HVT ........................................................ 128 6.2.2.4 Tesla coils ..................................................................................... 129
6.3 Project "B" ..................................................................................................... 134
6.3.1 Project history ............................................................................................ 134
6.3.2 Electrical diagram ...................................................................................... 135
6.3.3 Most important components....................................................................... 139
6.3.4 Measurements ........................................................................................... 152
6.4 V-type spark gap ........................................................................................... 154
6.4.1 Restoration of the BV2 spark gap .............................................................. 154
6.4.2 The remake of the V-type spark gap .......................................................... 156
6.4.2.1 First design and its assembling difficulties .................................... 156 6.4.2.2 Second design ............................................................................... 157
6.4.3 How the V-type spark gap works ............................................................... 158
6.4.4 Mechanical details ..................................................................................... 159
6.4.5 Mechanical tuning ...................................................................................... 167
6.5 Duflot-type spark gap .................................................................................... 168
6.5.1 Single contact ............................................................................................ 168
6.5.2 Multiple contacts ........................................................................................ 169
6.5.2.1 Examples from diathermy machines ............................................. 169 6.5.2.2 Mechanical details of two contacts spark gap ............................... 170 6.5.2.3 Pictures of four contacts spark gap ............................................... 176
6.6 Tungsten cutting ............................................................................................ 178
6.7 A practical guide for building a Lakhovsky MWO replica, by Roger Blain ..... 179
6.7.1 Introduction ................................................................................................ 179
6.7.2 Chosen configuration ................................................................................. 180
6.7.3 Material selection ....................................................................................... 180
6.7.3.1 SPARK GAP .................................................................................. 180 6.7.3.2 Capacitor Bank .............................................................................. 186 6.7.3.3 COILS ........................................................................................... 188
6.7.3.4 Antennas ....................................................................................... 197 6.7.3.5 Inductors........................................................................................ 204
6.7.3.6 Case .............................................................................................. 208 6.7.3.7 Label ............................................................................................. 218
6.7.3.8 Face Plate ..................................................................................... 219 6.7.3.9 Markings ........................................................................................ 220 6.7.3.10 Knobs ........................................................................................ 221 6.7.3.11 Glass, Bezzle and Tinting ......................................................... 222
6.7.3.12 Assembly................................................................................... 224 6.7.3.13 Testing ...................................................................................... 230
6.8 Component suppliers .................................................................................... 232
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6.8.1 Antennas ................................................................................................... 232
6.8.1.1 Copper tubes ................................................................................. 232 6.8.1.2 Copper or brass spheres ............................................................... 233
6.8.2 Wire for coils .............................................................................................. 233
6.8.3 HVTransformer .......................................................................................... 234
6.8.4 Variac ........................................................................................................ 236
6.8.5 Tungsten .................................................................................................... 236
6.8.6 PFC capacitor in front of the variac ............................................................ 237
6.8.7 Tank capacitors ......................................................................................... 237
6.8.8 Boost capacitor .......................................................................................... 239
6.8.9 EMI filter .................................................................................................... 240
6.8.10 General ...................................................................................................... 240
7 Original Electrodes .............................................................................................. 242
7.1 Footplates pair............................................................................................... 243
7.2 Hand-held insulated electrode ....................................................................... 244
7.3 Spiral electrodes ............................................................................................ 245
8 Alignment procedure........................................................................................... 250
8.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 250
8.2 Measuring Set-up .......................................................................................... 250
8.3 Alignment procedure ..................................................................................... 251
8.4 Possible alignment methods ......................................................................... 254
8.5 Example of alignment .................................................................................... 254
8.6 Simulation of behaviour of fp and fs .............................................................. 257
9 Installation procedure ......................................................................................... 258
9.1 Analysing Tool ............................................................................................... 258
9.2 Place of the building ...................................................................................... 260
9.3 Installation in the building .............................................................................. 260
9.4 Verification measurements ............................................................................ 261
10 Original documents ............................................................................................. 264
10.1 Original User Manuals ................................................................................... 265
10.1.1 System description Lakhovsky Multiple Wave Oscillator ........................... 265
10.1.2 Technology and Instructions ...................................................................... 267
10.1.3 “Oscillotherapie” with Lakhovsky MWO ..................................................... 269
10.1.4 Instructions for Use .................................................................................... 270
10.1.5 Treatment Method ..................................................................................... 271
10.1.6 Front Panel Controls .................................................................................. 274
10.1.7 Use of Electrodes: photos .......................................................................... 275
10.1.8 Summary based on documents from Lakhovsky and Nicola Gentile ......... 278
10.2 List of illness treated by MWO (documents 1935-1950) ................................ 283
10.3 An ancient MWO E-field measurement document (1934) ............................. 290
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10.4 Some original documents on clinical tests ..................................................... 303
10.5 Lakhovsky: Failures endured over the many treatments ............................... 325
10.6 Dr. Leonida Roversi: Observations on treatments with Oscillating Circuits and Multiple Wave Oscillator .................................................................................... 328
10.7 Skin care using the Lakhovsky MWO ............................................................ 342
11 Twelve hypotheses on interaction of MWO with biological systems ............. 360
11.1 Providing each cell with its own oscillation frequency ................................... 361
11.2 Providing an oscillatory shock to the biological system ................................. 361
11.3 Providing cell polarization .............................................................................. 362
11.4 Increasing transmembrane potential ............................................................. 362
11.5 Generation of air Eigenfrequencies ............................................................... 363
11.6 Producing NMR effects ................................................................................. 364
11.7 Split-Ring Resonator antennas as an electromagnetic lens system .............. 365
11.8 Split-Ring Resonator antenna pair as a Metamaterial cell ............................. 366
11.9 Generation of scalar/longitudinal waves ........................................................ 367
11.10 Phased sources as a “nutcracker” against the pathologic tissue ................... 368
11.11 Embryonic state cells development promotion .............................................. 369
11.12 Cells and Georges Lakhovsky ....................................................................... 370
11.12.1 Transmembrane Potential .................................................................. 373
11.12.2 Changes in the Transmembrane Potential ......................................... 374
11.12.3 Body cells and other cells ................................................................... 375
11.12.4 Lakhovsky effect ................................................................................. 375
12 Miscellaneous curiosities and open questions ................................................ 378
12.1 What happened with C.O.L.Y.S.A. after the death of GL? ............................ 379
12.2 A hidden Tesla pulse generator structure in the MWO diagram? .................. 385
12.2.1 Lakhovsky versus Tesla ............................................................................ 385
12.2.2 The Tesla Hair Pin as a pulse generator ................................................... 386
12.2.3 The MWO as a Hair Pin pulse generator ................................................... 390
12.2.3.1 Magnetic induction pulse ........................................................... 390 12.2.3.2 Dielectric induction pulse .......................................................... 390
12.3 The 43 MHz question .................................................................................... 392
12.4 Why is there a primary winding in the RX Coils? ........................................... 395
12.5 What is the purpose of the second GL patent? ............................................. 396
12.6 Strange sparks .............................................................................................. 397
12.7 Birth of the Multiple Wave Oscillator .............................................................. 398
12.8 MWO Tesla Coil wire speciality ..................................................................... 401
13 Multi Wave Research website ............................................................................. 406
13.1 Video#1: Lakhovsky Multiple Wave Oscillator original device ....................... 406
13.2 Video#2: Lakhovsky Multiple Wave Oscillator original device in action ......... 406
13.3 Video#3: Lakhovsky MWO: effect of ground inductance ............................... 406
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13.4 Video#4: Original Lakhovsky Multiple Wave Oscillator in action ................... 407
13.5 Video#5: Original Lakhovsky Multiple Wave Oscillator in high power mode . 407
14 Multiple Wave Oscillators pictures: BV1, BV2 and BV3 ................................... 408
14.1 BV1 ............................................................................................................... 408
14.2 BV2 ............................................................................................................... 411
14.3 BV3 ............................................................................................................... 415
15 Plasma tube antenna unit ................................................................................... 420
15.1 Lakhovsky patents ......................................................................................... 421
15.2 Plasma tube fields ......................................................................................... 422
15.3 Schematics .................................................................................................... 423
15.4 Components .................................................................................................. 424
15.5 Pictures ......................................................................................................... 425
15.6 Plasma tubes................................................................................................. 428
15.7 Measurements ............................................................................................... 430
15.7.1 Measurement setup ................................................................................... 430
15.7.2 Measurement result ................................................................................... 431
15.1 Plasma antenna versus metal antenna ......................................................... 432
16 Warnings .............................................................................................................. 434
16.1 Scope of this book ......................................................................................... 434
16.2 Medical classification ..................................................................................... 434
16.3 Safety considerations .................................................................................... 434
16.3.1 High voltage ............................................................................................... 434
16.3.2 Pacemakers ............................................................................................... 434
16.3.3 Fire/explosion risk ...................................................................................... 434
16.3.4 Elelctromagnetic emissions ....................................................................... 435
16.3.5 UV emissions ............................................................................................. 435
16.4 HV capacitors ................................................................................................ 435
16.5 Electro-Sensitivity .......................................................................................... 435
17 Bibliography ......................................................................................................... 436
18 Changes between Third and Fourth edition ...................................................... 440
19 Glossary ............................................................................................................... 442
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1 Introduction
There are dozens of websites that will tell you that their “Lakhovsky Multiple Wave Oscillator" (MWO) works like Georges Lakhovsky's machines did. From site to site everyone has a different opinion making it almost impossible for anyone to know how the Lakhovsky’s original MWO worked. Several modern devices that are claimed to be "Lakhovsky Multiple Wave Oscillators" can be found for sale on the internet from different suppliers. Isn’t it strange that they all look differently and have different specifications? How can this be, since manufacturers say these are all Lakhovsky Multiple Wave Oscillators? At least we can say that it is not clear whether they are really designed to operate according to the specifications of Georges Lakhovsky. The "modern" post world-war II story of the Multiple Wave Oscillator is not a happy one. We learned that in 1963 Mr. Bob Beck claimed to have discovered an original Multiple Wave Oscillator stored in the basement of a Californian hospital. From this discovery the Multiple Wave Oscillator revival began. The Borderland's book "The Lakhovsky MWO Handbook" provides an overview of that period: a generation of experimenters started to build many various home-made MWO's, to speculate on how the original device was made, how the antenna rings were sized, etc. We'd like to polemize a bit with Bob Beck: why didn't he disclose the original MWO details? Why we never saw any pictures? Why is it not mentioned that the discovered machine had no C.O.L.Y.S.A. label, thus not identifying it as a genuine Lakhovsky device? A new generation of experimenters, including ourselves, has wasted time and energies in speculating, discussing and building MWO’s that have little or nothing to do with the real original design.
Why this eBook?
Although many articles and publications can be found over the Internet, and even the original books of Georges Lakhovsky can still be found in antiquarian bookshops, one soon realizes that such documents do not describe how the machine is made and how it operates. The Lakhovsky patents are accessible too, but they don’t give detailed information on the MWO construction parameters (coils and antennas sizes, etc.). It seems that Georges Lakhovsky wanted to hide the details of his inventions.
The first milestone in the path to the revelation of the MWO original machine details has been set by the eBook (in French) ”La Révélation” edited by our friend and colleague Jean Claude Dupuy, where he accurately describes the mechanical and electrical structure of an original vintage MWO, found in a flea market in France. The Jean Claude’s eBook also includes some relevant documentation (in French) about the use of the MWO.
The present eBook is a further step beyond, evolving from “La Révélation": We report work that has been done after that first discovery in France. Since then, we analyzed the structure of that MWO and made replica machines as close as possible to the original design. But the breakthrough was the discovery of three original MWO units in Italy. In post-World War II, Dr. Boris H. Vassileff, a Bulgarian born Italian Doctor,
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had been using these machines for many years. This discovery is even more valuable since Dr. Vassileff established three medical offices where he gave Lakhovsky therapy until he passed away in the eighties. Dr. Vassileff's tutor was Dr. Vittorio De Cigna, who pioneered the introduction and the use of the MWO in Italy in the thirties. One of the original units that we discovered, the older one, was most probably previously owned by Dr. De Cigna himself. We owe special gratitude to Mr. Gianfranco Galvani, director of “Centro Studi George Lakhovsky” in Rimini, Italy (devoted to Geobiology) who made the discovery possible of the three units from Dr. Vassileff descendants.
The availability of the said original MWOs enabled us to thoroughly analyze “the” Multiple Wave Oscillator. We finally could do a deep “reverse engineering” of the device and do several electric tests with professional laboratory instruments.
In our research we also found some of the publications that Dr. Vassileff made in Italy about the use of the Multiple Wave Oscillator and we translated the important sections. Unpublished documents were found containing information on how the machines where designed and produced during the years 1932 - 1942 by the Laboratories C.O.L.Y.S.A. (Circuits Oscillants Lakhovsky Societé Anonime), Georges Lakhovsky's former company in Paris. We also discovered an inventory list of C.O.L.Y.S.A. of all produced machines and the people who received these machines. In this research a great role has being played by our colleague Jean Claude Dupuy who was able to bring to light many ancient documents, in French, including the original user instructions for the COLYSA MWO’s.
In this eBook we report deep technical analysis of the Georges Lakhovsky Multiple Wave Oscillator: machine, components, use cases, and examples how to construct replicas. A number of recovered vintage documents excerpts are also included in original and translated from French or Italian into English.
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Dr. Boris H. Vassilleff The scientist Boris Hadzhi Vassileff is born in Bulgaria in January 23, 1896 near the border with Romania. Vassileff was a brilliant scientist and founded in 1924 the first World Central Dispensary Center for prophylaxis, diagnosis and medical treatment of some cancers. His contributions to scientific and social studies in the fight against cancer and many articles and publications all over the world are considered the cornerstone in the field of oncology. He owned three Italian university degrees; Doctor of Medicine, Doctor in Law and Doctor of Social Sciences Economics and Policy. He was a pioneer in Italy in cancer treatment by the method of electromagnetic waves by Lakhovsky's multiple wave oscillators. Dr. Boris H. Vassileff and Prof. Vittorio De Cigna set up three Lakhovsky medical clinic centers in Genoa, Milan and Rapallo. Dr. Boris H. Vassileff died in Genoa in 1981 at the age of 85 years. A special thanks to Luciano Bezerédy, who knew Boris Vassileff and witnessed the use of MWO, for his kind cooperation. 1938 1980
Photo's courtesy of Mr. Luciano Bezerédy
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Dr. Boris H. Vassileff with one of the recovered machines
Photo courtesy of Mr. Gianfranco Galvani
Dr. Boris H. Vassileff with another recovered machine
Photo courtesy of Mr. Luciano Bezerédy
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One of Dr. Boris H. Vassileff offices
Photo courtesy of Mr. Gianfranco Galvani
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A vintage postcard showing Corso Mentana, Genova (Italy), the first location where Dr Boris Vassileff established his medical practice with MWO.
This postcard is courtesy of our friend Luciano Bezerédy, living in Genoa: he witnessed the work and research of Dr. Vassileff in the Corso Mentana premise (second building on the right). The MWO was located at ground floor.
Dr. Vittorio De Cigna