founding of the 13 original colonies · 9/16/2014 1 founding of the 13 original colonies...
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9/16/2014
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Founding of the 13 Original Colonies
Colonies=Land=Power
Land = Raw materials
Market for finished goods
Colonists = Tax revenue
Mercantilism in its purest form
Pilgrims received a charter to settle in America
Pilgrims -Separatists who left for religious freedom
Mayflower went off course
& landed in Plymouth, MA Set precedence for gov’t & culture
Mayflower Compact –Promised to obey the laws passed “for the general good of the colony”
Wrote 1st document setting up self-government in America
In the name of God, Amen. We whose names are [listed below], the
loyal subjects of our dread sovereign (authority) Lord, King James, by
the grace of God…
Having [started], for the glory of God, and advancement of the
Christian faith, and honor of our King and Country, a voyage to plant
the first colony in the northern parts of Virginia, do…in the presence
of God, and one of another, [promise] and combine our selves
together into a civil body politic (government), for our better ordering
and preservation and furtherance of the ends [mentioned above]; and
by virtue hereof to enact (pass), constitute, and frame such just and
equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions and offices, from time to
time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general
good of the Colony, unto which we promise all due submission and
obedience. In witness whereof we have hereunder subscribed our
names at Cape Cod, the eleventh of November [New Style, November
21], in the year of the reign of our sovereign lord, King James, of
England, France, and Ireland, the eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty-
fourth. Anno Domini 1620.
Puritans - Protestants who wanted to reform (purify) The Church of England
Received a royal charter to leave for religious freedom to practice their religion from persecution
Create a society based on the Bible
Town meetings were their democratic government Only white male church
members could vote
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1623 settled in Portsmouth Founded by fisherman for
trade and fishing
1638 - John Wheelwright
Led group of nonconformist Puritans from MA to Exeter, NH for religious freedom
Drew up Exeter Compact-based on Mayflower Compact (self government)
Founded by Roger Williams
1636 - Founded Providence
Opposed taking Native American land
Religious freedom and toleration
Founded on separation of church and state
Founded the 1st Baptist Church in America
Thomas Hooker - Puritan minister dissatisfied with MA leadership Want more freedom 1636 – led his congregation
southeast of Mass. through the wilderness
Founded Hartford & 3 years later formed a colony joining 3 towns
“The foundation of authority is laid in the free consent of the people." - Thomas Hooker
Adopted a governmental plan- Fundamental Orders of Connecticut 1st written constitution in America Extend voting rights and limit the
governor’s power
Forasmuch as it has pleased Almighty God by the wise [character] of
His Divine Providence (His Holy Wisdom) so to order and dispose of
things that we, the inhabitants and residents of Windsor, Hartford, and
Wethersfield are now cohabiting and dwelling in and upon the
Conectecotte (Conneticut) and the lands thereunto adjoining
(touching); and well knowing where a people are gathered together the
Word of God requires that, to maintain the peace and union of such a
people, there should be an orderly and decent government established
according to God, to order and dispose of the affairs of the people at
all season as occasion shall require; do therefore associate and [unite]
ourselves to be as one public state or commonwealth…As also in our
civil (political) affairs to be guided and governed according to such
laws, rules, orders, and decrees as shall be made, ordered and
decreed, as follows:
Laws, Rules, and Orders (examples)
1) …there shall be yearly two general assemblies or courts…
4) …no one person be chosen governor above once in two
years…and…be a member of the approved congregation (group)