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FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS

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Page 1: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS

Page 2: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Super easy conjugation! Just go to the él/ella/ustedform of the verb:

¡habla! = talk!

¡come! = eat!

¡escribe! = write!

¡escucha! = listen!

¡bebe! = drink!

¡abre! = open!

Page 3: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

1. Play basketball with your friends!

2. Call your mom

3. Live your life

4. Take a picture

5. Grow

6. Ask for a hamburger

Juega al baloncesto con tus amigos

Llama a tu mamá

Vive tu vida

Saca un foto

Crece

Pide una hamburguesa

Page 4: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which you place pronouns after your conjugated verb rather than before.

The pronouns are connected to your command to form one long word.

If your final command including pronouns is more than two syllables long, you must add a written accent.

Eat vegetables

Come las verduras

Cómelas

Determine the placement of your accent by covering your pronoun(s) and then going back two vowels (unless there is only

one vowel left, then put the accent there.

When using affirmative commands with pronouns, remember:COMMAND(IOP)(DOP)

Your indirect object pronoun is the person receiving the action of the command, the direct object pronoun is what they receive

Give the pencil to Pablo = Da el lápiz a Pablo = DáseloBrush your teeth = *Cepíllate los dientes = cepíllatelos

*Remember that with a reflexive verb, the person that is doing the action is

also the person receiving it, so with túcommands, you will always use “te”

ALSO REMEMBER: NO ‘LELO’ OR ‘LELA,’ INSTEAD USE ‘SELO’ OR ‘SELA’

Page 5: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Venir

decir

Salir

Hacer

tener

Ir

Poner

Ser

Ven

Di

Sal

Haz

Ten

Ve

Pon

Page 6: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Formal (usted) commands are formed this way:

1. Go to the ‘yo’ form of your verb: tener tengo

2. Ditch the ‘o’: tengo

3. Put on the opposite ending: tenga

Adding the opposite ending means that if your original verb is an –er verb, like tener, or an –ir verb like escribir, you should add an a. If it is an –ar verb, you should add an e.There is no difference in the conjugation of an affirmative formal command and a negative formal command.

Page 7: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Hablar

Hablo

(No) Hable

Page 8: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Comer

Como

(No) coma

Page 9: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Pensar

Pienso

(No) pienseStem-change? If that is how it is in the ‘yo’

form, keep it that way for a formal command

Page 10: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Tener

Tengo

(No) Tenga

If a verb is a –go verb in the present tense, it will retain the ‘g’ in its

formal command form

Page 11: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Sacar

Saco

(No) Saque

Works Just like a CAR-GAR-ZAR verb would in the preterit. -car becomes –que, like

saque, -gar becomes –gue, like pague, and

-zar becomes –ce like almuerce

Differences?

1. No written accent

2. Keep the present-tense stem-change intact (almuerce,

juegue)

Page 12: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Llegar

Llego

(No) Llegue

Page 13: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Almorzar

Almuerzo

(No) Almuerce

Page 14: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Lavarse1. Say goodbye to ‘se’ (just for a minute, she’s coming

back)

Lavo 2. Conjugate what is left over in the ‘yo’ form

Lave 3. Add the opposite ending

Lávese4. Reconnect with ‘se’ on the back-end and add an accent if your word has

more than two syllables.

Remember! The person receiving the action in this case is

also doing the action, so your reflexive

pronoun will always be ‘se’ (connected, of course) because it is an USTED command

Page 15: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Dar

I r

S er

Haber

E star

S aber

Vaya

Sea

Haya

Esté

Sepa

Page 16: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

1. ¡Come frutas y verduras!

2. ¡Duerme ocho horas cada noche!

3. ¡Cepíllate los dientes!

4. ¡Lee muchos libros!

5. ¡Ten cuidado!

6. ¡Acuéstate temprano!

7. ¡Haz ejercicios todos los días!

¡Coma frutas y verduras!

¡Duerma ocho horas!

¡ Cepíllese los dientes!

¡Lea muchos libros!

¡Tenga cuidado!

¡Acuéstese temprano!

¡Haga ejercicios!

Page 17: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

1. Hablar (más/menos)2. Escuchar a los

estudiantes3. Dar (más/menos) tarea4. Leer (más/menos) en la

clase5. Escribir (más/menos)

en la clase6. Traer comida para los

estudiantes7. Tocar música en la

clase8. Llegar a tiempo todos

los días

1. Explicar todo2. Ser paciente3. Hacer (más/menos)

preguntas4. Repetir las

instrucciones5. Contestar todas las

preguntas6. Usar la

computadora(más/menos)

7. Contar chistes8. ¿?

hable

escuche

lea

escriba

traiga

toque

llegue

explique

sea

haga

repita

conteste

usecuente

Page 18: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Modelo:

¿Cuántas horas debo dormir? (ocho o nueve horas)

Cliente: ¿Cuántas horas debo dormir?

Tú: Duerma ocho o nueve horas cada noche

1. ¿Hago ejercicios aeróbicos? (casi todos los días)

2. ¿Qué como? (alimentos nutritivos)

3. ¿Bebo café? (muy poco)

4. ¿Voy al club atlético? (con frecuencia)

5. ¿Practico el atletismo? (para aliviar el estrés)

6. ¿Juego al béisbol? (después de estirarse)

haga

coma

beba

vaya

practique

juegue

Page 19: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

El cepillo de dientes

Page 20: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Exactly the same as usted commands just add:

¡HABLEN!

¡COMAN!

¡ESCRIBAN!

¡LEVÁNTENSE!

¡DESPIÉRTENSE!

Page 21: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Preparar comidas nutritivas

Page 22: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Modelo:

Ducharse – Dúchense con agua fría.

1. Lavarse los dientes

2. Maquillarse

3. Lavarse el pelo

4. Entrenarse

5. Acostarse

6. Levantarse

7. Estirarse

8. Peinarse

9. Esconderse

Page 23: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Remember, there are two different kinds of pronouns….

Direct object prounous

Indirect object prounous

ME

TE

LO, LA

NOS

OS

LOS, LAS

ME

TE

LE

NOS

OS

LES

Becomes ‘se’ before ‘lo(s)’ or ‘la(s)

Page 24: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

Just like usted commands, just add:

¡NO HABLES!

¡NO COMAS!

¡NO ESCRIBAS!

Page 25: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

1. Cut off the ‘se’ (comes back later) ponerse

2. Go to the ‘yo’ form of whats left pongo

3. Insert ‘no’ before and opposite ‘tú’ ending no pongas

4. Re-insert ‘te’ after no, before verb

no te pongas

Page 26: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which

1. Cut off the ‘se’ (comes back later) vestirse

2. Go to the ‘yo’ form of whats left visto

3. Insert ‘no’ before and opposite ‘ud.’ ending no vista

4. Re-insert ‘se’ after no, before verb

no se vista

Page 27: FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDSpnhs.psd202.org/documents/mschneid/1512612701.pdf · FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS ... Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which