starting up
TRANSCRIPT
starting up
VD: LEADERSHIP( Sự lãnh đạo )
We all work together as a team. And that means you do everything I say.
Michael Caine, British film actor (in the film The Italian Job)
12^) Discuss these questions.1 Which modern or historical leaders do you most admire? Which do
you
admire the least? Why?
2 What makes a great leader? Write down a list of characteristics. Compare
your list with other groups.
3 Are there differences between men and women as leaders? Why have most
great leaders been men?
4 Are people who were leaders at school more likely to be leaders later in
life?
5 What makes a bad leader? Draw up a proíile of íactors.6 What is the difference between a manager and a leaderl
O V E R V I E W T"I Vocabulary—' Adịectives of character
□ Listening
Leadership qualities□ Reading
The founder of Ikea
□Language reviewRelative clauses
□ Skitls
Decision-making
□ Case study
Vocabulary
Adjectives ofj character I
§
12 Leadership j
Which of the adịectives below would you use to describe an ideal leader?Give reasons for your choice. What adịectives would you add?
decisive iníormal accessible motivating
charismatic passionate thoughtíul impulsive
cautious adventurous flexible opportunistic
aggressive energetic persuasive open
magnetic ruthless
Can you think of adjectives with opposite meanings to the ones above?ấuièivt - inảuièive-
0 Read what some commentators think about leadership. Do you agree with ^their ideas?
Leadership is not magnetic personality - ihat can just as vvell be a glib tongue. It is not 'making íriends
and inf)uencing people' - that is ílattery. Leadership is liíting a person’s Vision to higher things, the
raising of a person’s períormance to a higher Standard, the building of a personality bcyond its normal
limitations.
Peter F. Drucker, author and manaqement theorist
A leader is best when people barely knovv he exists, not so
good vvhen people obey and acclaim him, vvorse when they
despise him. ... But of a good leader who talks little when
his work is donc, his aim fulfilled, they will say, 'We did it
ourselves'.
Anonymous
Good leaders make people feel that ihey're at the heart of things,
not at the periphery. Everyone íeeis he or she makes a difference
to the success of the organisation. When that happens, people
feel centred and that gives their vvork meaning.
Warren Bennis, authũr and professor of business
administration
If there is a trait that does characterise leaders it is opportunism. Leaders are peoole who seizc
opportunity and take risks. Lcadership then seems to be a niattcr of personality and character.
John Viney, ỷormer chairman of Heidrick and Struggìes, top recruitment
consultants
Listening
Leadershipqualities
0 o 12.1 Max Landsberg is a partner at Heidrick and Struggles, the international
executive search consultants. Listen to the first part of an intervievv. What three
qualities do leaders of large companies usually have?
Q D 12.2 Listen to the second part of the intervievv. Max talks about the ways that
leaders can develop their skills.
1 Match the following percentages - 70%, 20%, 10% - with the development
activity.a) training b) coaching c) on the job
2 What, according to Max, is the main way that companies develop leaders?
Q o 12.3 Listen to the third part of the interview. Max talks about three
leaders that have iníluenced or impressed him. Make notes on what he says
abouteach one.
Nelson Mandela VVinston Churchill Bernie Ellis
ịioi
Reading
The íounder ofIkea
ộ The foltowing artide is about Ingvar Kamprad, the íounder of Ikea, the home -
^íurnishings retail giant. Which of the following do you expect Ingvar to do or to be?
• drive an old car.
• travel first class
• be dyslexic
• be íormal
• be careíul with money
• dress smartly
• love detail
• make short-term decisions
Q Read the article to check your answers to Exercise A.
The bolt that holds the Ikea empire together
to run his businesses.He is determined that 105
the group will not go public, because short-term shareholder demands conílict with long-term planning. ‘I hate short- notermist decisions. If you want to take long-lasting decisions, it's very difficult to be on the stock exchange. When entering 115 the Russian market, we had to decide to lose money for 10 years.’
Mr Kamprad has been slowly withdrawing from 120 the business since 1986, when he stepped down as group president. He maintains that he is still ‘loo much involved and in 125 too many details’, although he admits to a distinct reluctance to withdraw altogether.
The question is: can I30there be an eternal Ikea without Mr Kamprad? Does the group depend too much on its founder? Will the empire continue, as i35control of Ikea gradually moves to Mr Kamprad’s thrce sons?
From the Financial Times
FINANCIAL TIMESWorld business nevvspaper.
0 What vvinning íormula is behind lkea’s success?
0 Read the article again and make notes about Mr Kamprad under these headings.
VVealth Personality Lifestyle Leadership style
By Christopher Brown Hum
■ Ingvar Kamprad is no ^ ordinary multi-billionaire. The íoũnder of the Ikea íurniture empire travels 5 economy class, drives a 10- year-old Volvo and buys his fruit and vegetables in the atternoons, when prices are often cheaper. Ask him 10 about the luxuries in his life and he says: ‘From time to time, I like to buy a nice shirt and cravat and eat Swedish caviar’.
15 Mr Kamprad is one of Europe's greatest post-war entrepreneurs. What began as a mail-orđer business in 1943 has grown into 20 an international retailing phenomenon across 31 countries, with 70,000 employees.
Sales have risen every 25 single year. The Ikea catalogue is the world’s biggest annual print run - an incredible llOm copies a year. And Mr Kamprad 30 has grovvn extraordinarily rich. He is worth $13.4bn (£8.7bn) and is the 17th richest person in the world, according to Forbes, the 35 us magazine.
The concept behind Ikea’s amazing success is unbelievably simple: make affordable, well-designed 40 furniture available to the masses. And then there is Mr Kamprad himselí
- charismatic, humble, private. It is his ideas and 45 values that are at the core of Ikea’s philosophy.
Best known for his extremely modest lifestyle, he washes plastic cups to 50 recycle them. He has just left his long-standing Svvedish barber because he found One in Switzerland, where he lives, who 55 charges only SFrl4 (£6) for a cut. 'That’s a reasonable amount,' he chuckles.
All Ikea executives are avvare of the value of cost- 60 consciousness. They are strongly discouraged from travelling first or business class. ‘There is no better form of leadership than 65 setting a good example. I could never accept that I should travel íirst class while my colleagues sit in tourist class,’ Mr Kamprad 70 says.
As he walks around the group's stores, he
expresses the feeling of ‘togetherness’ physically, 75clasping and hugging his employees. This is very uncharacteristic of Sweden. ‘Call me Ingvar,' he says to staff. The iníormality and 80 lack of hierarchy are emphasised by his dress style, with an open-necked shirt preíerred to a tie.Mr Kamprad has had 85 both personal and business battlẽs.
He has íought against dyslexia and illness.
One of Mr Kamprad's 90 characteristics is his obsessive attention to detail. When he visits his stores, he talks not only to the managers but alsõ to 95 floor staff and customers. A recent visit to six of the group's Swedish stores has produced ‘100 details to discuss', he says.
100 By his own reckoning, his greatest strength is choosing the right people
Language revievv
Relative clauses
0 Find words or phrases in the article that match these definitionsế
a) an awareness of the price of things....................................
b) the feeling you have when you are part of a group of people who have a closerelationship with each other....................................
c) a relaxed and íriendly situation without too many rules of correct behaviour
d) the lack of a system in an organisation vvhere a group of peopỉe have power or
control.........................................e) an extremely strong focus on every small fact or piece of iníormation
Q Discuss these questions.1 What, in your opinion, are the strengths and vveaknesses of Ingvar Kamprad?2 Would you like to work for him?3 When is the correct time for a leader or íounder to leave his or her company?
Deíining clauses provide essential iníormation about the subject or object of a sentence.
Without this iníormation the sentence often does not make sense or has a different meaning.
ễ Who or that are used for people.People who are in leadership roles often have to act alone.• whỉch or that are used for things.
It is his ideas and values that are at the core of Ikea 's philosophy.
Non-defining clauses provide extra iníormation about the subject or object of a sentence. The
sentence still makes sense vvithout this iníormation.
• Who (not that) is used for people.
Ingvar Kamprad, who is the 17th richest person in the world, drives an old Volvo. ả which (not that)
is used for things.Ikea, which recently entered the Russian market, remains a prịỵate company.
^ page 155
ộ Complete the sentences in the job advertisement belovv with who or vvhich.
Managing Directorc. €270,000 plus expatriate package, Europe-based
Qtxt is a leading European mobile
technology services provider....................1
enables clients to provide high-quality
mobile marketing and mobile content
solutions. Founded in 1993, Qtxt is a fast-
grovving company................1 is looking for a
first-class leader.................3 can meet the
challenge of international growth.We are
seeking a highly motivated candidate 4 must
be fluent in three
European languages.VVe need a Managing
Director.............5 will rise to the challenge
and..............6 will provide strong strategic
leadership.The successíul candidate will
lead a winning team..................7 achieved
record sales last year.
In the first instance and in complete
confidence, please write with cv to Marie
Foussat at: M.Richaud, 19 rue deTrevise,
Paris 75009, France.
Q Use the relative pronouns belovv to complete these quotations.
who which that vvhere
1 mThe job for big companies, the challenge.........................we all face as
bureaucrats, is to create an environment..........................people can reach their
dreamsJack Welch (us business leader)2 ‘He...................has never learned to obey cannot be a good commander.’Aristotle (Greek philosopher)
3 ‘A leader shapes and shares a Vision,........................gives point to the work ofothers.’ Charles Handy (British writer)
4 ‘A leader should be humble. A leader should be able to communicate with
his people. A leader is someone........................vvalks out in front of his people,
but he doesn’t get too far out in front, to vvhere he can’t hear their íootsteps.’
Tommy Lasorda (us sports personality)5 ‘A leader is someone......................knovvs what they want to achieve and cancommunicate that.’ Margaret Thatcher (British politician)
Q In the article belovv the relative pronouns are missing. Add the pronouns tothe text, where appropriateẵ
Leader turns Porsche around
By uta Harnischíeger and Wendelin Wiedeking
Wendelin Wiedeking, is the head of Porsche, drives a red Porsche 9114S cabriolet. He smokes thick Cohiba cigars 5 and likes to discuss golf,.sports cars and organic farming. Mr Wiedeking, has woh many German ‘manager of the year’ awards, will need all his
10 leadership skills to pull Porsche through its latest difficulties. He is admired for putting up a fight against the Frankfurt stock exchange 15 operator, Deutsche Bõrse, expelled Porsche after Mr Wieđeking reíused to publish quarterly reports. He laughs
when he recalls Porsche’s 199420 Capital issue, sold out in a fewhours after Deutsche Bank hadrefused to underwrite the deal.His favourite stories centre on hishome-grown potatoes, he harvests25with a bright red 1960S vintage
Porsche tractor, a wedding prescntfrom his wife. Mr Wiedeking, iscredited with saving Porsche frombankruptcy in the early 1990s, has30 turned the legendary sports carinto a coveted brand and has madePorsche the world’s mostproíítable car maker.
From the Pinancial Times
FINANCIAL TIMESWorld business newspaper.
Skills
Decisỉon-making
ộ Discuss these questions.
1 How important are rational and emotional íactors when making decisions about the following?
a present for someone a new company logo a partner
a holiday destination a new product to develop someone for a job
2 Think of an important decision that you have made. How did you decide?
3 Do you think men and women have different ways of making decisions?
4 Who makes the big decisions in your household?
0 Which ideas below do you agree with? VVhich do you disagree with? Why?
1 Before making a decision it is advisable to:
a) write down the pros and cons.
b) take a long time.
c) have a sleep or a rest.
d) consult a horoscope.
e) consult as many people as possible.
2 lf a choice has cost you a lot of time and money, stick to it.
3 Rely on the past to help you make a decision.
4 Reduce all decisions to a question of money.
5 Be totally democratic in group decision-making.
Ỡ ^ 12.4 Listen to the management of a retail group discussing the problem of their store in Paris. Tick the expressions in the Useful tanguage box that you hear.
Useful language I
Asking for the factsCan you bring us up to date?Can you give us the background? VVhere do we stand with...?
Making a suggestionWe should sell out as soon as possible.
Why don’t we sell out?
Disagreeing
I don’t agree with that at atlễ I totally disagree.
Identifying needsWe’ve got to get more iníormation.We need more information about vvhere we’re going wrong.
AgreeingYou’re absolutely right.I totally agree with you.
ExpressingdoubtI am vvorried about the store’s location.Pm not sure about that.
Making a decisiẵonThe solution, then, is to keep the store going.I think, on balance, we feel we should keep the store going.
Stating íuture actionSo, the next thing to do is ... What we’ve got to do now is ...
0 o 12.5 Listen to a marketing consultant presenting her report to the
management of a retail group. Complete these extracts.
1 I.........you revievv your product ranges as soon as possible.
2 What....................is more knovvledge of the youth market.
3 I think...............................a top executive to run that part of the business.
!ị |’m......................with the íurniture department.
5 I just....................it will ever make much money for you.
6 I also have ........... about your stationery department.
7 Theansvver............................... is to do something quickly.
8 So, this is.........................................now. In my opinion reduce your range ofProducts, cut out the loss makers.
ộ Choose a section in the Useful language box for each of the missing words and phrases 1
to 8.
Q Role play this situation. You are board members of a manuíacturing firm. Ạs your
company is making a loss, you must cut costs. Hold a meeting to decide which one of
these options to follow.• Cut íactory vvorkers’ wages by 10% • Make 50 employees redundant
• Pay no end-of-year bonuses Ệ Reduce everyone’s salary by 8%
lỊ05_
Language work
ƯNIT12 Leadership
xlcxa ^‘A ) Torũ' Hỉuin C
\
Vocabularyộ Choose the right vvords from the box to complete the sentencesề
impu ls ive adventurous aggressive decisive ílexible iníormal motivating passionate
persuasive
1 He was rather. jfppụỉ?jy£.. - not the kind of person who plans what they say or
do.
2 His style of leadership was quite..................................He was always so
competitive and so eager to succeed that many of us often found him
ruthless.3 lf you want to get to the top, you have to be..................................,1 mean beprepared to take risks and to try new ways of doing things.
4 She doesn’t just tell us to do things - she makes us want to do them. We’re
lucky to have such a.................................team leader.5 She was a..........................chairvvoman, with a very strong belief in themission of our organisation and very intense feelings about our
achievements.
6 We always do what she vvants us to because she gives us good reasons for
doing it. She isvery...................................7 What they need is a............................person, someone who can choose theright course of action even in a very difficult situation.
0 Complete the text with the best wordsỂ
Without followers, there vvould be no leaders. The concept of leadership, and the
qualities needed for someone to become a leader, can probably best be understood
by studying the betvveen the leader and his or her followers.
Good leaders have.............2 - the ability to step into someone etse’s shoes -
because they are good listeners. They are open, alvvays vvilling to discuss and
.................3 problems.
Teanvbuilding is One of the top priorities of effective leaders. They vvork
........4 an environment in which each team member, whỉle contributing'
the team effort and to the purpose of the organisation, is able to imprr on theirovvn
.................................*.
Indeed, they are very good at..............ể6 their staff, enabiing each of theií J
become a Creative and independent team player. Thỉs way, every
individual............7 the coníidence and abitity to..................8 the kind of de -pns0
which will help the company.................9 its long-term goals.
Good leaders arẹ also inclusive, they like to involve everyone - and they^
1 a) contract b) relationship c) report d) friendship
2 a) empathy b) charisma c) passion d) sympathy
3 a) deal b) solve c) ignore d) grapple
4 a) creating b) elaborating c) inventing d) designing
5 a) achievement b) programme c) appraisal d) performance
6 a) strengthening b) persuading c) caring d) empovvering
7 a) rebuilds b) gains c) restores d) wins
8 a) do b) arrive c) make d) abide
9 a) work b) score c) achieve d) kick
ÌO a) energy b) aggressiveness c) iníormality d) authority
11 a) Vision b) sight c) view d)scope
12 a) talk b) discuss c) communicate d) debate
Language revỉew
'í
ộ Cross out the incorrect relative pronoun in each of the sentences belovv.
1 It is unbelievable what people who / wbieh believe in themselves can
I accomplish.
2 The ability to motivate people is One of the greatest assets that / 1vho a leader
possesses.
3 Do you agree that successful people are those who / Ivhich seize opportunity and
take risks?
4 Mandela, that / who is often considered to be the greatest statesman of our time,
has most of the qualities that / who a successful leader has to have.
5 The assertiveness training vvorkshop, vvhich /that starts next month, is designed
for anyone who / vvhich is or will be a team leader.
6 The meetings that / who we hold on Friday aíternoons are compulsory for
everyone.
ộ Complete the text with who, that or vvhich.
Carl Rogers........Yỉhọ ...1 is regarded as the íòunder of the 'person-centred
approach’, is one of the greatest psychologists of aH times.Today, about two
decades after his death, his ideas are still at the cone of many leadership training
and communication skills courses. His theory,...........ễ;........2 developed over many
years of experience Wfth clients, is built on the belief that all human beings want to do the best
they can, to realise their potential. Rogers identiíied a number of
íeatures of effective communication, the kind of communication........................ 3 can
help people understand and overcome whateverprev£Dl£_ib«m írom íulíilling their
potential.
Thens-acB-threẽ^ualities............................4 make eíĩective communication possible.
he first....................5 many considerthe most important One, is called 'empathy.
It is a quality ,.ẵ...............6 anybody.....................7 is in a position of leadership
needs to have. Indeed, good leaders need to be able to see the world through
the eyes of those.....................8 work with them.The sẹcond quality is
'genuineness'. A genuine person is someone......................9 3oes«otJ2Ìde their real
thoughts, íeelings or intentions. _ IIt is this quality. ..................10 enables you to be the person .......................11 you
really are.
‘Acceptance’ is the third quality.the one.......................12 helps you respect andaccept people as they are.
Good leaders.....................13 need to be good communicators, have to have
those qualities. Many people vvould say that, in addition, a really good leader is one
.........................14 is able to develop such qualities in others.
1 a) contract b) relationship c) report d) íriendship
2 a) empathy b) charisma c) passion d) sympathy
3 a) deal b) solve c) ignore d) grapple
4 a) creating b) elaborating c) inventing d) designing
5 a) achievement b) programme c) appraisal d) períormance
6 a) strengthening b) persuading c) caring d) empovvering
7 a) rebuilds b) gains c) restores d) wins
8 a) do b) arrive c) make d) abide
9 a) work b) SCO re c) achieve d) kick
lo a) energy b) aggressiveness c) informality d) authority
11 a) Vision b) sight c) view d)scope
12 a) talk b) discuss c) communicate d) debate
Language reviewCross out the incorrect relative pronoun in each of the sentences belovv.
It is unbelievable what people who I wkkk believe in themselves can
accomplishệ
The ability to motivate people is One of the greatest assets that / who a
leader possesses.
3 Do you agree that successful people are those who / vvhich seize
opportunity and take risks?
4 Mandela, that / who is often considered to be the greatest statesman of our
time, has most of the qualities that / who a successful leader has to have.
5 The assertiveness training workshop, which /that starts next month, is
designed for anyone who Ị vvhich is or vvill be a team leader.6 The meetings that / who we hold on Friday aíternoons are compulsory for
everyoneễ
ộ Complete the text with who, that or which.
Carl Rogers,.......Yỉhọ.....1 is negarded as the íounder ofthe 'person-centred
approach', is one of the greatest psychologists of all times.Today, about two
decades after his death, his ideas are still at the cone of many leadership training
and communication skills courses. His theory,... .................2 developed over many
years of experience with dients, is built on the belief that all human beings want
to do the best they can, to realise their potential. Rogers identified a number of
featunes of effective communication, the kind of communication 3 can
help people understand and overcome vvhatever prevents them from fulfilling
their potential.
Thene are three qualrties....................4 make effective communication possible.
The first....................5 many consider the most important One, is called 'empathy'.
It is a quality ..................6 anybody.....................7 is in a position of leadership
needs to have. Indeed, good leaders need to be able to see the vvorld through
the eyes of those.....................8 work with them.The second quality is
'genuineness'. A genuine person is someone.....................9 does not hide their realthoughts, íeelings or intentions.
It is this quality...................10 enables you to be the person 11 youreally are.
‘Acceptance' is the third quality.the one.............ể........12 helps you respect andaccept people as they are.
Good leaders.....................13 need to be good communicators, have to have
those qualities. Many people vvould say that in addition, a really good leader is one
..........................14 is able to develop such qualities in others.
Language work
Language w
Tỉp Ị
We use whose in defining or non-defining relative clauses instead of his I her ị their.We can also use whose instead of its:
• Do you knowthe company? Its CEO was suspected of íraud.Do ýou know the company vvhose CEO was suspected of fraud?
• This is the team. We interviewed their leader last week.
-»This is theteam vvhose leader we interviewed last week.
• Enzo Ferrari đieđ in 1988. His cars achieved cult status.
-»Enzo Ferrari, whose cars achieved cult status, died in 1988.
0 Combine these sentences using w/ỉ0seẾ
1 The CEO Anton Vizi resigned last week. His leadership style had provoked a tot of
criticism.The CEO Anton Vizi,.......................................................................................................
2 Some staff are disappointed. Their training programme was postponed.
The staff......................................................................................................
3 Some stores will have to be closed down. Their períormance is
deteriorating.The stores.......................................................................................................
4 United Steel is now almost bankrupt. Its former director was guilty of
embezzlementẵ
United Steel.......................................................................................................
ộ Decide vvhether the relative đauses in exercise c are deíìning or non-
2
3
4
ộ Study the examples and the tips.
Spoken or informal vvritten English Formal written English
Please send us the report (that / vvhich) you
referred to.
Please send us the report to which you reíerred.
We know thè people (who) he got a
recommendation from.We know the people from whom he received a
recommendation.
Could you send us the list of applicants (who) you
have not been able to get in touch with?Could you send us the list of applicants with whom
you have not been able to get in touch?
We attach some information about the area (that /
vvhich) you will be responsible for.We attach some information about the area for
which you will be responsible.
5£j
Tip 1
• In spoken Engtish or informal vvritten English, we usually leave out who / that
/ whiằch and put the preposition at the end of the reíàtive clause• In formal written English, we often put the preposition in front of which / vvhom.
• We cannot use that after a preposition.
• After a preposition, we use the form whom, not who.
Now rewrite the following sentences in a more formal style
1 As a leader, she motivated anyone she vvorked with.
2 The representatives we spoke to were very helpíul.
3 The company I used to work for is now íacing a íinancial crisis
4 That is the proịect 1’m most interested in.
5 The problems we have to deal with are rather serious.
6 Here are the details of the businesses we’ve invested in.
Q Read the passage belovv about weak leadership.
• In each line 1 -10, there is one wrong word.
• For each line, underline the wrong word in the text, and write the correctword in the space provided.
Poor leadership almost inevitably results in ineffective organisations. These
share a number of characteristics.
Firstly, they are weakened by ừiterpersonal conílicts which remains urưesolved
and are allowed to get vvorst. Secondly, channels of communicatíon are oíten
blocked, so that iníormation is no adequately shared: everyone has 'secrets'
vvhich they reveal only to theirs closest íriends. In addition, there are conílicts
of interest betvveen ừidividually members of staff and the organisation, which
írequently cause huge losses for energy. Finally, staff typically feel powerless,
cut off from a decision-maldng process. Consequently, hardly anyone fei
motivated for give the best of themselves.
Such a situation can be remedied by a leader which decides to put people íirst, to focus on
team building, and to íừidữig ways oi empovverừig staff.