food allergy, the beginning of allergic march1

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Prof Dr Ariyanto Harsono dr SpAK CURICULUM VITAE Tempat /tgl lahir : Kediri, 3- Juli gama : Islam tatus Perkawinan: Menikah didikan : Lulus Dokter : FK UNAIR, 1972 Spesialis Anak : FK UNAIR, 1982 am Pascasarjana UNAIR, 2004 tambahan : Sertifikat “Fellowship on Food Allergy”, Academisch Ziekenhuis Utrecht, Nederland Jabatan sekarang : Guru Besar Ilmu Kesehatan Anak, Dep IKA FK UNAIR/RSU Dr.Soetomo, Surabaya. nsultan Alergi/Imunologi: 1992 1

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Page 1: Food allergy, the beginning of allergic march1

Prof Dr Ariyanto Harsono dr SpAK

CURICULUM VITAE

Tempat /tgl lahir : Kediri, 3- JuliAgama : Islam

Status Perkawinan: MenikahPendidikan

S-1: Lulus Dokter : FK UNAIR, 1972

S-2: Spesialis Anak : FK UNAIR, 1982

S-3: Program Pascasarjana UNAIR, 2004 Pendidikan tambahan : Sertifikat “Fellowship on Food Allergy”, Academisch Ziekenhuis Utrecht, Nederland, 1990-1991Jabatan sekarang : Guru Besar Ilmu Kesehatan

Anak, Dep IKA FK UNAIR/RSU Dr.Soetomo, Surabaya.

Konsultan Alergi/Imunologi: 1992

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FOOD ALLERGY: The beginning of Allergic March

Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Pendahuluan

1. Proses akan berlanjut dalam kehidupan bayi2. Sensitisasi terhadap protein makanan yang lain akan

terjadi

Umumnya Susu sapi adalah alergen pertama pada bayi

sekali respons IgE terhadap susu sapi terjadi

Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Alergen Makanan

• Buah• Susu• Telur• Ikan• Kacang

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Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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4 Macam alergen

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Cross reactivity

• Terdapat Cross-reactivity antara alergen makanan apabila ada kesamaan struktur, yang kemudian mencetuskan reaksi simpang yang sama dengan alergen makanan yang asli.

• Contoh: antara beberapa shellfish, kacang-kacangan, ketimun, dan tree nuts.

J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;126:S1-58

Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Alergi Makanan

• Beberapa factor yang berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya alergi makanan:– Genetik– Lingkungan– Disfungsi Mucosa– Tipe dan dosis alergen makanan– Usia

Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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GENETIC

If both parents had same allergy, risk of allergy in their

child will be increased up to 60-80%

Father Mother Father Mother Father Mother Father MotherSiblings

ChildRisk of allergy 5-15%

ChildRisk of allergy 25-30%

ChildRisk of allergy

40%

ChildRisk of allergy 40-60%

Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Uptake Alergen di Usus

1. Alergen di uptake oleh subepithelial dendritic cells (DCs) melalui 2 jalur:DCs dapat meraih diantara enterocytes.sAlergen yang larut air dapat di uptake oleh fase cair endocytosis oleh enterocyte

dan dideposisi di lamina propria kemudian difagosit DCs. DCs bermigrasi dari lamina propria ke mesenteric lymph node (MLN), dimana alergen bisa di presentasikan pada naïve T cells.

2. Di Peyer's patch, M cells mempunyai spesifikasi uptake alergen tertentu, kemudian diserahkan pada DCs di ruang subepithelial. DCs ini bisa bergerak ke area interfollicular Peyer's patch untuk dipresentasikan ke T cells (hijau) atau interaksi dengan sel B (merah).

Pediatric allergy: principles and practice. 2nd edition

Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Fireman P, Slavin RG. Atlas of Allergies, 1991.

Mekanisme Alergi

SENSITIZATION ENHANCEMENT TRIGGERING

Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Aktivasi sel-selImuno-kompeten•Sel T•Sel B•Sel Mast•Sel Langer- hans

Aktivasi sel-selstruk-tural

•Sel endotel•Sel epitel

Aktivasi dan Rekruitmen

•Sel Mast•Eosinofil•Neutrofil•Basofil

Pelepasan mediator

Kerusakan epitel

Stimulasi neural

Dilatasi & peningkatan permeabilitas vaskulerl

Bronkokonstriksi

Perbaikan epitel

•Proliferasi fibroblast•Deposisi kolagen•Hipertropi/hiperplasia otot polos•Ekspansi vaskuler

Penyempitan saluran nafas bawah

Symptom alergi

Bronkus hiper-reaktif

ALERGEN

A B C D E

Imunopatologi alergi

Airway remodelling

11Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono

SpA(K)

Trigger

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Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Prof DR.dr. Ariyanto Harsono SpAK14(J Allergy Clin Immunol

1999;118:124-6)

Th1

Dendritic cell

Eosinophile

Neutrophile

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Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Ariyanto Harsono MD PhD 16

11Ariyanto Harsono MD PhD

Prof DR.dr. Ariyanto Harsono SpAK

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VACCINATION

ACTIVATIONANTIGEN SPECIFIC

B CELL

GENERATION OF MEMORY

ACTIVATED CD4

+ Th-2 CELL IL-4

DIFFERENTIATION

& AFFINITYMATURATION

ANTIBODY SECRETING PLASMA CELLS

ANTIGEN PROCESSING &PRESENTATION

MHC Class II B CELL IMMUNOGLOBULINE

T CELL RECEPTOR ANTIGEN

B CELL

IL-5,IL-13

Cow’s Milk Protein

Cow’s Milk epitope

IgE mediated: Asthma, Rhinitis, Dermatitis Atopic, Urticaria, Abdominal colic

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Mast Cells and basophiles involve in allergic reaction in the context of antigen-IgE Prof DR.dr. Ariyanto Harsono SpAK

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IgGIgG mediated: Protein loosing enteropathy, Gastro-intestinal haemorrhage

Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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IgMIgM mediated: Protein loosing enteropathy, Gastro-intestinal haemorrhage

Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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SensitiSensitisasi didalam kandungansasi didalam kandungan

• SelSelT T telah berespons pada janin umur 22 telah berespons pada janin umur 22 minggu.minggu.

• SelSel T T pusar telah berespons pada waktu pusar telah berespons pada waktu lahirlahir– mite ~ 47 %– telur, susu sapi ~ 75 %– Sedikit IFN dan banyak IL-4 & 10

• IgE IgE waktu lahirwaktu lahir– Susu sapi, gandum, telur.

Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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BAKTIVASI SEL-SEL STRUKTURAL

Nature Rev Immunol 2003; 3: 867-78

Neutrophil

Eosinophil

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Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Chemotactic

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Chemotactic…

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Chemotactic…

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CPELEPASAN MEDIATOR

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Granule contents:Histamine,TNF-Proteases, Heparin, ECF, NCF Lipid mediators:

ProstaglandinsLeukotrienes

Cytokine production:Specifically IL-4, IL-13

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D EFEK PELEPASAN MEDIATOR PADA TARGET ORGAN

Nature Rev Immunol 2004: 3:234-23730Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono

SpA(K)

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Target Organ

IgE-mediated disorder Non IgE-mediated disorder

Skin 

Gastro-intestinal    

Respiratory Tract Multi-system

Urticaria and angioedemaAtopic Dermatitis

Oral Allergy SyndromeGastrointestinal anaphylaxisAllergic eosinophilic gastroenteritis   Asthma; Allergic Rhinitis Food-induced anaphylaxisFood associated, exercise-induced anaphylaxis

Atopic DrmatitisDermatitis Herpetiformis

ProctocolitisEnterocolitisAllergic eosinophilic- gastroenteritisEnteropathy syndromeCeliac Disease

Heiner Syndrome

Clinical Manifestation E Symptoms

Prof DR.dr. Ariyanto Harsono SpAK

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32Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Prof DR.dr. Ariyanto Harsono SpAK

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Prof DR.dr. Ariyanto Harsono SpAK

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36Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Prof DR.dr. Ariyanto Harsono SpAK

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Prof DR.dr. Ariyanto Harsono SpAK

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Target organ Unusual Clinical manifestation

•Skin

•ENT

•Respiratory

•Gastrointestinal

•Multi system

Vasculitis; Fixed Skin Eruption

Chronic Serous Otitis Media

Chronic Pulmonary disease (Heiner Syndrome)

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Constipation; Gastroesophageal reflux

Irritability/Sleeplessness in infants; colic, Arthropathy;

Nephropathy; Thrombocytopenia

Unusual Clinical Manifestation

Prof DR.dr. Ariyanto Harsono SpAK

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Unusual Manifestation

Prof DR.dr. Ariyanto Harsono SpAK

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Unusual Manifestation

Prof DR.dr. Ariyanto Harsono SpAK

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Unusual Manifestation

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CE

Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Unusual Manifestation

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Prof DR.dr. Ariyanto Harsono SpAK

Unusual Manifestation

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Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Natural History of Food Allergy

• Kebanyakan anak alergi menjadi toleran terhadap susu sapi, kedelai, dan telur dalam beberapa tahun.

• Anak yang lebih besar (15 tahun) dan dewasa umumnya tidak mengalami toleransi imun.

• Alergi kacang, ikan, dan kerang lebih persisten. • Food hypersensitivity di usia dini (i.e. Susu sapi,

telur, kacang) adalah faktor resiko menjadi alergi makanan tambahan, Atopik Dermatitis, dan asma.

Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Induksi Toleransi Oral

T-cells regulation:

1. Intra Epithelial Lymphocytes: berasal dari ekstra thymus, TCR terbatas, dapat mengenali alergen, mempunyai fungsi sitolitik.

2. Lamina Propria Lymphocytes: berasal dari thymus, TCR/CD3 terbatas-memediasi signal di mukosa..

Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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IEL

LPL

CD23

Anergy/Tolerance: Formula HA

: Imunoterapi: Probiotik

Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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IgA

TReg TGF-

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Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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KesimpulanAlergi adalah hipersensitifitas tipe ISensitisasi pertama biasanya Susu Sapi

kemudian makanan lain. Kaskade inflamasi alergi melibatkan interaksi

sel dendritik, limfosit, sel Mast, esinofil, neutrofil beserta mediatornya

54Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)

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Thank You55

Prof DR Dr Ariyanto Harsono SpA(K)