Del Butler

December 6, 2016

Fluid Fertilizer

Foundation:

Technology Roundup

11-37-0 vs 10-34-0,

Ortho vs Poly Products,

Production & Storage Characteristics

Process Overview

AgriBusiness

Phosphate Rock (Ore) Mined & Milled

Thermal Process Reduced (Vaporized)

Wet Process Reacted (Liquified)

Dihydrate Hemihydrate

PPA

Evaporation Granulation

NH3 Supply

SSP TSP

Dical (Replacing)

MAP DAP

SPA MGA

APP

Elemental Phosphorus

(P4)

Round Up

“Rock Phosphate”

(Organic?)

• Non-Corrosive

– Understanding Passivation

• Long Shelf Life / Storage Capacity

• Diverse Application Methods

– Safe in Band Applications

– Compatibility: Blending Potential

– Ability to hold other Micronutrients

– Ect.

3

High Quality Ammonium

Polyphosphate: “The Goal”

High Quality APP: Physical Properties

10-34-0 11-37-0

pH 6.2 6.1

% Ortho-Phos 30 30

% Poly-Phos 70 70

Salt Index 20 22

Weight (lbs/gal) 11.6 12.0

Specific Gravity 1.390 1.440

Appearance Emerald Green

Emerald Green

Odor Little to No Odor

Little to No Odor

Non-Recommended Storage

Aluminum Aluminum

Freeze Point N.A. N.A.

4

5

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280

% P

oly

ph

osp

ha

te

Aging Days

Ambient

80F

100F

11-37-0 Poly Degradation in

Storage (in a lab controlled environment)

11-37-0 Product Solids Formation in

Storage (in a lab controlled environment)

6

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280

So

lid

s (p

pm

)

Aging Days

Ambient

80F

100F

Storage Temperature &

Polyphosphate (field data)

7

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

55

57

59

61

63

65

67

69

71

73

75

12/1 1/1 2/1 3/3 4/3 5/4 6/4 7/5 8/5 9/5

Tem

pera

ture

(oF

)

Po

lyp

ho

sph

ate

(%

)

Date

Poly's

Temperature

Process Overview

AgriBusiness

Phosphate Rock (Ore) Mined & Milled

Thermal Process Reduced (Vaporized)

Wet Process Reacted (Liquified)

Dihydrate Hemihydrate

PPA

PPA Evaporation Granulation

NH3 Supply

TSP Dical (Replacing)

SSP

MAP DAP

SPA MGA

APP

Membrane Solvent

Food Industrial

Ag

LSL

Foliars Starters Others

Potassium Hydroxide

(KOH)

Elemental Phosphorus

(P4)

Round Up

Urea

“Rock Phosphate”

(Organic?)

• Seed Safe

• Foliar Applicable

• Low Salt Index

• Uniquely Targeted Ortho/Poly Content

– (specific to the immediate

agricultural need)

• Non-Corrosive

• Long Shelf Life / Storage Capacity

• Compatibility: Blending Potential

• Ability to hold other Micronutrients

– (100% EDTA , EDDHA Chelated, and Sulfate forms of Micronutrients)

• Diverse Application Methods

9

High Quality Low Salt Liquid

(LSL) NPK’s: “The Goal”

3-18-18 Mid Poly

6-24-6

Technical Review!

Salt Index & Calculations

• SI – Relation of the extent a fertilizer

increases the osmotic pressure of a

soil compared to Sodium Nitrate

(NaNO3).

– Greater the SI value, the greater

potential damage to the seed/plant

– Fertilizer formulations &/or blends

with SI above 20 are not

recommended near the seed

SI Values

3-18-18 10

4-16-16 11

6-24-6 12

10-10-10 19

10-34-0 20

11-37-0 22

11-52-0 27

Ammonia 47

UAN 32 71

Urea 74

High Quality NPK: Physical Properties

3-18-18 4-16-16 LP 6-24-6 MP 6-24-6

pH 7.4-7.8 7.6-7.8 6.3-7.0 6.3-7.0

% Ortho-Phos 100 100 80 50

% Poly-Phos 0 0 20 50

Salt Index 10 11 12 12

Weight (lbs/gal) 11.7 11.4 11.1 11.1

Specific Gravity 1.410 1.360 1.340 1.330

Appearance Water White Water White Translucent Green

Translucent Green

Odor No Odor No Odor No Odor No Odor

Prohibited Storage

Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Mild Steel

Aluminum Mild Steel

Freeze Point -2°F 0°F 5°F 5°F

11

Base chemical reactions:

1) H3PO4 + KOH KH2PO4 + K2HPO4 + H2O + Heat

PPA Potassium

Hydroxide

Mono Potassium

Phosphate

Di Potassium

Phosphate Water Heat

2) NH3 + KH2PO4 KNH4HPO4 + Heat

Ammonia Mono Potassium

Phosphate

Di Basic Potassium

Ammonium Phosphate Heat

Note! Dissolution of Urea:

• The addition of Urea does not participate in the chemical reaction.

• The dissolution of Urea is slightly endothermic.

• Once dissolved, the Urea will remain in solution regardless of pH or temperature.

Fundamental Chemistry: “Water White

LSL”

1) 2H₃PO₄ + 3KOH → KH₂PO₄ + K₂HPO₄ + 3H₂O + Heat

2) NH₃ + KH₂PO₄ → KNH₄HPO₄ + Heat

Salting Potential (if misformulated)

13

Salting (Mono Potassium Phosphate Crystals)

Over Ammoniation

Ammonia Sparger: Salting - Ammonium Phosphate Crystals

Keeping the System Clean

• Bag Filters catch any solids, particulates or contaminates that are

typically introduced from the dry urea source.

Correlation: Low Polys & Storage

If the mass temperature of LP 6-24-6 is allowed to climb and then be held above ~100ᵒ F, the material will become a soft-set jell and increasing take a harder set over time.

Mid-Poly 6-24-6 (50 Poly)

Low-Poly 6-24-6 (20 Poly)

Even with aggressive agitation, once this material jells, it will not return to a full fluid state.

Low Poly 6-24-6 Degradation

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

0 20 40 60 80 100

% P

oly

ph

osp

ha

te

Aging Days

70F

90F

120F

Low Poly 6-24-6 Viscosity

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 20 40 60 80 100

Vis

cosi

ty (

cP)

Aging Days

70F

90F

120F

Material Gelled

What’s the

Data

Telling Us?

19

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280

% P

oly

ph

osp

hate

Aging Days

11-37-0 Poly Degradation in Storage Ambient

80F

100F

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

0 20 40 60 80 100

% P

oly

ph

osp

ha

te

Aging Days

LP 6-24-6 Poly Degradation

70F

90F

120F

There are

similar and

yet different

conditions

that should

not be

overlooked!

Agribusiness

Superior MP 6-24-6

High Quality NPK: (when properly formulated)

Stored in North Dakota in excess of 2½ Years

Mid-Poly 6-24-6 Bottom Top

3-18-18

Questions