flowering plants - angiosperms
TRANSCRIPT
Flowering plants - angiosperms
A spectacular terrestrial radiation
Over 250,000 extant species
Major lineages originated 130-90 million years ago
Dramatic rise to dominance 100-70 million years ago
We’re Coordinated
Angiosperm phylogenetics has been highly collaborative (e.g., Donoghue and Doyle 1989; Chase et al. 1993; Chase et al. 1993; D. Soltis et al., 1997, 2000; Hoot et al. 1999; Qiu et al. 1999, 2000; P. Soltis et al., 1999; Olmstead et al. 2000; Savolainen et al. 2000; Zanis et al. 2002; Hilu et al. 2003)
There have been numerous collaborations among the PIs
Analyses of sequences from all three plant genomes have identified major clades
New classifications have been proposed (APG 1998; APG II 2003); also collaborative, and involving the PIs.
Summary tree
Triaperturatepollen
Amborella Cabomba
Illicium
Based on Soltis et a. 2000 with modifications from Zanis et al. 2002, Soltis et al. 2003
GunneralesSaxifragalesCaryophyllids
rosidsSantalales
BerberidopsidalesDilleniaceae
CornalesBalsaminaceaeMarcgraviaceae
Tetrameristaceae s.l.FouquieriaceaePolemoniaceaeSymplocaceaeDiapensiaceaeStyracaceaeMaeasaceae
TheophrastaceaePrimulaceaeMyrsinaceaeEbenaceaeSapotaceae
LecythidaceaeEricaceaeCyrillaceaeClethraceaeActinidiaceaeRoridulaceaeSarraceniaceae
Theaceae
Pentaphylaceae s.l.
GarryalesOncothecaceae
IcacinaceaeGentianalesSolanalesBoragniaceae
Vahliaceae
Plocospermataceae
Oleaceae
CarlemanniaceaeTetrachondraceaeSchlegeliaceaeAcanthaceaePedaliaceaeBignoniaceaeVerbenaceaeLamiaceae
LentibulariaceaeByblidaceaeMartyniaceaePaulowniaceaeOrobanchaceae
PhyrmaceaeStilbaceaeScrophulariaceaePlantaginaceaeGesneriaceaeCalceolariaceae
Aquifoliales
remaining AsteralesPentaphragmataceaeCampanulaceae
RousseaceaeBruniaceaeColumelliaceae s.l.
TribelaceaePolyosmaceaeEscalloniaceaeEremosynaceaeremaining Apiales
TorricelliaceaePennantiaceaeSphenostemonaceae
ParacryphiaceaeQuintinaceaeCaprifoliaceae s.l.
Adoxaceae
3. CORE EUDICOTS
9. ERICALES
11. LAMIALES
12. CAMPANULIDS
10. BASAL LAMIIDS
FIG. 1A
FIG. 1B
1. BASAL ANGIOSPERMS
2. BASAL EUDICOTS
3. CORE EUDICOTS
4. SAXIFRAGALES
5. CARYOPHYLLIDS
6. BASAL ROSIDS
7. BASAL FABIDS
8. MALPIGHIALES
AmborellaceaeNymphaeaceaeAustrobaileyalesmonocots
CeratophyllaceaeChloranthaceaemagnoliidsRanunculalesTrochodendraceae
BuxaceaeProtealesSabiaceaeGunnerales
Saxifragaceae allianceCrassulaceae alliance
AltingiaceaeCercidiphyllaceae
PeridiscaceaeHamamelidaceaeDaphniphyllaceae
PaeoniaceaeGisekiaceaeNyctaginaceaePhytolaccaceaeSarcobataceae
AizoaceaeMolluginaceae
BasellaceaeDidiereaceaeHalophytaceaeCactaceaePortulacaceae
StegnospermnataceaeAchatocarpaceaeAmaranthaceaeCaryophyllaceaeAsteropeiaceaePhysenaceae
SimmondsiaceaePolygonales
RhabdodendraceaeDilleniaceae
asteridsMyrtalesVitaceae
Crossosomatales s. l.
Geraniales
eurosid II (malvids)
OxalidalesHuaceaeGoupiaceaeEuphorbiaceaePutranjivaceaeCaryocaraceae
LinaceaeMalpighiaceaeElatinaceaeClusiaceae
PodostemaceaeBonnetiaceaeHypericaceaeOchnaceae s.l.Violaceae
Passifloraceae s.l.Chrysobalanaceae s.l.
BalanopaceaeAchariaceaeSalicaceaeHumiriaceaeIrvingiaceaeLacistemataceaeCtenolophonaceae
PandaceaePhyllanthaceaePicrodendraceaeLophopyxidaceae
IxonanthaceaeErythroxylaceaeRhizophoraceaeZygophyllaceaeKrameraceaeCelastralesRosalesFabalesFagales
CucurbitalesSantalales
Berberidopsidales
The “Dirty Dozen”
Angiosperm AToL goalsMultigene and genomics approaches (entire plastid sequences) to
clarify the framework of angiosperm phylogeny, focusing on 12 particularly problematic nodes (“dirty, but doable”)
Identify non-molecular synapomorphies and initiate a comprehensive morphological database for angiosperms with a suite of key features
Angiosperm AToL sequencingPlastid genome sequences
Whole plastid sequencing for 30species; collaboration with R. Jansen and the Green Plant AToLto compile a data set of ~100entire plastid sequences
Targeted sequencing
Sequence 17 genes of proven utility from 370 genera selected to span each of the 12 problematic nodes.
Resolve relationships within Malpighiales, Lamiales, Ericales, and Campanulids, using additional DNA regions and taxa.
Angiosperm AToL morphologySelected morphological features
recorded from 370 taxa in DNA analyses; first-hand observations of herbarium and living material
Observations available in a morphological database (e.g., MorphBank, F. Ronquist)
Three suites of characters emphasized: pollen morphology, leaf architecture, and wood/stem anatomy
Angiosperm AToL InformaticsThe Botany Browser--Integrating local and distributed data on
the Tree of Life
Web-based data resource integration -- specimens, morphology, DNA, images, geography, etc.
Links to GenBank, TreeBASE, IPNI, etc.
Access through tree-based viewer -- tools for viewing and comparing large trees
Angiosperm AToL TrainingTrain postdocs, graduate, and undergraduate students (emphasis on minorities)
Interdisciplinary training,combining phylogeny,genomics, morphology,and evolutionary biology;coordinated with the DeepTime and Deep Gene RCNs,and the Green PlantAToL(PI’s are participants)
International collaborations - student exchanges and training.
Angiosperm AToL Outreach
Develop project website on angiosperm phylogeny
Contribute pages for the Tree of Life Web Project and TreeHouses for K-12 use
Build an interactive, portable exhibit on phylogeny and the associated computational challenges (coordinated by PI Donoghue), providing results on plant phylogeny
Design posters detailing the angiosperm tree -- Multi-media Center, Botany Department, University of Wisconsin
Angiosperm AToL TeamCollaboration among research teams assembled through seven
institutions, with additional collaborators from other institutions in the US and Europe.
The co-PIs are:
University of Florida (UF): D. Soltis, P. Soltis, W. Judd, S. ManchesterUniversity of California-Davis (UCD): M. SandersonUniversity of Michigan (UM): Y. Qiu, C. Davis; K. WurdackUniversity of Washington (UW): R. OlmsteadUniversity of Wisconsin (UWisc): K. SytsmaVirginia Tech University (VT): K. HiluYale University (Yale): M. Donoghue, R. Beaman, N. Cellinese, L. Hickey
Angiosperm ATOL Management
Coordinated by D. and P. Soltis (UF)
Communicate and exchange data through the project website (www.flmnh.ufl.edu/angiospermATOL)
Annual all-hands meeting to share results and coordinate Annual workshop at one of the participating institutions, to explore research topics relevant to the project, and provide
additional training for the post-docs and students
AngiospermATOL
Stephen Smith
parsimony
likelihood
A project by Stephen Smith:to get more info, email [email protected] or go to http://yphy.org