PRESENT THE 50th annual corporate aviation safety seminar CASS

Flight Safety Foundation

AVIATION SAFETY –AVIATION SAFETY –CONTEMPORARY CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGESCHALLENGES

april 26–28, 2005

ORLANDO, FLORIDAORLANDO, FLORIDA

PROCEEDINGS

Flight Safety Foundation

present the

50th annual Corporate Aviation Safety Seminar

CASS

Aviation Safety — Contemporary Challenges

April 26–28, 2005Orlando, Florida, U.S.A.

CASS ProceedingsISSN 1524-2005

Copyright © 2005 by Flight Safety Foundation Inc. All rights reserved.

Flight Safety FoundationSuite 300, 601 Madison Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314-1756 U.S.A.

Telephone: +1 (703) 739-6700 Fax: +1 (703) 739-6708

www.fl ightsafety.org

ii 50th annual CASS • FSF & NBAA • “Aviation Safety — Contemporary Challenges” • Orlando, Florida • April 2005

FLIGHT SAFETY FOUNDATIONFor Everyone Concerned With the Safety of Flight

Officers and StaffAmb. Edward W. Stimpson

Chairman, Board of Governors

Stuart MatthewsPresident and CEO

Robert H. VandelExecutive Vice President

Kenneth P. Quinn, Esq.General Counsel and Secretary

David J. BargerTreasurer

ADMINISTRATIVE

Linda Crowley HorgerManager, Support Services

FINANCIAL

Juan G. GonzalezDirector of Finance and Administration

Millicent WheelerAccountant

MEMBERSHIP

Ann HillDirector, Membership and Development

Ahlam WahdanMembership Services Coordinator

PUBLICATIONS

Roger RozelleDirector of Publications

Mark LacagninaSenior Editor

Wayne RosenkransSenior Editor

Linda WerfelmanSenior Editor

Rick DarbyAssociate Editor

Karen K. EhrlichWeb and Print Production Coordinator

Ann L. MullikinProduction Designer

Susan D. ReedProduction Specialist

Patricia SetzeLibrarian, Jerry Lederer Aviation Safety Library

TECHNICALJames M. Burin

Director of Technical Programs

Joanne AndersonTechnical Programs Specialist

Louis A. Sorrentino IIIManaging Director of Internal Evaluation Programs

Robert FeelerQ-Star Program Administrator

Robert Dodd, Ph.D.Manager, Data Systems and Analysis

Darol V. HolsmanManager of Aviation Safety Audits

Jerome “Jerry” Lederer1902–2004Founder

Notice

All the presentations herein are the original editorial content supplied by the authors, although the presentations have been reformatted for publication and have undergone minor editing for style/clarity. The information is not intended to supersede operators’/manufacturers’ policies, practices or requirements, or to supersede government regulations. Flight Safety Foundation (FSF), the publisher of the proceedings, is not responsible for errors or omissions.

The Corporate Aviation Safety Seminar (CASS) provides a forum that encourages discussion of the aviation community’s safety-related issues. Opinions expressed by the authors and other CASS participants are not necessarily endorsed by the Foundation or the National Business Aviation Association.

Information in this publication, in the interest of aviation safety, may be reprinted, in whole or in part, but may not be offered for sale, used for commercial gain or distributed electronically on the Internet or on any other electronic media without the express written permission of the FSF director of publications. All uses must credit Flight Safety Foundation, Aviation Safety — Contemporary Challenges, the appropriate presentation title and the author(s). Please send two copies of the reprinted material to the director of publications. These reprint requirements apply to all FSF publications.

50th annual CASS • FSF & NBAA • “Aviation Safety — Contemporary Challenges” • Orlando, Florida • April 2005 iii

Preface

The 50th annual Corporate Aviation Safety Seminar (CASS) continues what is now a half-century-old tradition that, each year, brings together people from corporate fl ight operations, safety and maintenance departments, regulatory agencies, manufacturers, consultants and other organizations. As always, the method is sharing ideas and information; the goal is further improvement of corporate aviation’s already excellent safety record.

Although we may note in passing that this is an anniversary, the focus of this year’s CASS in Orlando, Florida, is on the present and future, as the theme “Aviation Safety — Contemporary Challenges” attests.

Flight Safety Foundation (FSF) and the National Business Aviation Association (NBAA) continue their partnership in this important venue. These proceedings offer a record of the seminar’s presentations by distinguished specialists who have taken time from their busy schedules to share their insights with the corporate aviation community.

Much credit for the success of the seminar is given to the CASS Agenda Development Committee, to the FSF Corporate Advisory Committee and to the FSF membership, whose continued support is a sign of the vitality of our industry amidst today’s many challenges.

Stuart MatthewsPresident and CEOFlight Safety Foundation

April 2005

iv 50th annual CASS • FSF & NBAA • “Aviation Safety — Contemporary Challenges” • Orlando, Florida • April 2005

Sponsors and Exhibitors*

We Thank You for Your Support!

*Sponsors and Exhibitors as of April 1, 2005

The Aviation Information Source®

CDC/NIOSHCenters for Disease Control

and PreventionNational Institute for Occupational

Safety and Health

Executive Fliteways

Eastman Kodak

50th annual CASS • FSF & NBAA • “Aviation Safety — Contemporary Challenges” • Orlando, Florida • April 2005 v

Table of Contents

Corporate Aviation Safety Profi le, Trends and Issues ......................................................................1Robert Matthews, U.S. Federal Aviation Administration

NBAA Standards of Excellence in Business Aviation: Raising the Bar for Industry Training and Career Development..................................................23Jeffrey M. Daniels, Universal Underwriters Group

Risk Management for Very Light Jets .............................................................................................33Capt. Richard J. Walsh, National Business Aviation Association

FAA Medical Certifi cation: Current Policies, Waivers and Exam Tips........................................39Quay C. Snyder, M.D., M.S.P.H., Virtual Flight Surgeons

The Effects of Napping as a Countermeasure for Fatigue .............................................................85Ben Winfree, Alertness and Performance Management

Proactive Cabin Safety: Briefi ngs Are Not Enough!.......................................................................93Peter v. Agur Jr., The VanAllen Group

Closing the Gap: Communicating and Managing In-fl ight Security Incidents ...........................97Joseph Autera and Heidi Giles, MedAire

Safer Approaches and Landings: A Multivariate Analysis of Critical Factors ..........................103Durwood J. Heinrich, Ph.D., Proactive Safety Concepts

The Need for Full Corporate Party Status in Government Aircraft Accident Investigations ....................................................................................................................157Gary R. Morphew, Southern California Safety Institute

Personalities in the Cockpit.............................................................................................................187Shari LeDonne Frisinger, MAS, CGA, CornerStone Strategies

Crew Communication Under High Stress .....................................................................................209Brian Hayvez, AirCare Solutions Group

From “Steam to Glass”: Essential Elements for Transitioning From Legacy Aircraft Systems to Advanced Technology .....................................215Christopher J. Lutat, Maj. Julie E. Petrina, S. Ryan Swah, Robert D. Rayhill, Christopher J. Stickney, Maj. Kristi Brawley and Tony Kern, Ed.D.

Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS/TCAS): Lessons Learned From Investigation Into a Mid-air Collision....................................................229Dipl. Ing. Johann Reuss, German Federal Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Investigation

Bricks and Mortar for Your Safety Culture ..................................................................................239John Sheehan, Professional Aviation

vi 50th annual CASS • FSF & NBAA • “Aviation Safety — Contemporary Challenges” • Orlando, Florida • April 2005

Additional Papers

Smoke Risk and Mitigation in Today’s Electronic Airplanes ......................................................243Capt. John M. Cox, FRAeS, Safety Operating Systems

Creating and Sustaining a Positive Safety Climate: From Reaction to Proaction — Ways to Improve the Status Quo...............................................247Eugenio L. Facci, University of Central Florida; Capt. Robert Sumwalt, SCANA Corp.; and Meredith A. Bell, The Boeing Co.

The Application of Human Factors Principles to Upset Recovery Training ..............................277Capt. Janeen A. Kochan and James E. Priest, Calspan; and Mike Moskal, Calspan–UB Research Center

Safety Culture: Three Rounds and Counting................................................................................295Donald Menard, IBM Flight Operations; and Can Sur and Dustin Wilcox, Purdue University

National Business Aviation Association

Staff ..................................................................................................................................................303

Board of Directors ...........................................................................................................................304

Flight Safety Foundation

2005 CASS Agenda Development Committee ..............................................................................305

Corporate Advisory Committee .....................................................................................................305

International Advisory Committee ................................................................................................306

European Advisory Committee .....................................................................................................308

Icarus Committee ............................................................................................................................309

Board of Governors ........................................................................................................................310

Honorary Advisory Board ..............................................................................................................311

Members ..........................................................................................................................................313