First Grade Unit Three:Using Thomas Jefferson,

Lewis & Clark, Sacagawea, & Harriet Tubman to teach about

CHANGESarah Blascovich BrownTeacher on Assignment

Some things you’ll find in Unit ThreeSome things you’ll find in Unit Three

Unit Three’s Historical FiguresUnit Three’s Historical FiguresKey things students need to know:• Jefferson was a president.• Jefferson is credited with authoring the Declaration of Independence.• Jefferson sent Lewis & Clark west to explore the Louisiana Purchase.

Key things students need to know:• Lewis and Clark worked together to explore the Louisiana Purchase territories.• Lewis and Clark would probably not have been successful without the help of Sacagawea.• The trip was long and difficult, but the things they learned were very helpful, and Americans enjoyed knowing more about the newest parts of their country.

Unit Three’s Historical FiguresUnit Three’s Historical FiguresKey things students need to know:• Sacagawea had to do difficult things when she traveled through the Louisiana Purchase with Lewis and Clark.• Although they could not have succeeded without Sacagawea, very little is known about her.• Sacagawea was clearly very intelligent – she spoke many languages, knew a great deal about the land around her, and was able to guide Lewis and Clark even though she was young.

Key things students need to know:• Harriet Tubman worked to free others from slavery.• Because she lived in Maryland, she was able to help others more easily.• Harriet Tubman also spoke to large audiences to convince them that slavery was wrong.

Resources (Thomas Jefferson):Resources (Thomas Jefferson):• Monticello – his home in Virginia:

http://www.monticello.orghttp://explorer.monticello.org/index.html (virtual tour w/narration!)

• Official White House biography:http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/tj3.html

• Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence:http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/jefferson/jeffdec.html

• Declaration of Independence at the National Archives:http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/declaration.html

• Declaration regarding the Louisiana Purchase:http://www.archives.gov/education/exhibit/jefferson.html

Resources (Meriwether Lewis & William Clark):Resources (Meriwether Lewis & William Clark):

• Discovering Lewis & Clark (more than you ever wanted to know): http://www.lewis-clark.org/

• PBS’s site related to their television program:http://www.pbs.org/lewisandclark/

• National Geographic’s information:http://www.nationalgeographic.com/lewisandclark/

• Journals from the Expedition:http://lewisandclarkjournals.unl.edu/

• Games & activities from the National Park Service:http://www.nps.gov/archive/jeff/LewisClark2/Activities&Kids/ActivitiesAndKidsMain.htm

Resources (Sacagawea):Resources (Sacagawea):• Background information for the teacher from PBS:

http://www.pbs.org/lewisandclark/inside/saca.html

• From the National Park Service:http://www.nps.gov/archive/jeff/lewisclark2/corpsofdiscovery/theothers/civilians/Sacagawea.htm

• Excerpts from the journals relating to her (only written historical record):http://www.mathcs.bethel.edu/~gossett/DiscreteMathWithProof/sacajawea/quotes.html

• Interesting information for teachers:http://www.lemhi-shoshone.com/index.html

Resources (Harriet Tubman):Resources (Harriet Tubman):• National Archives stories:

http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/aa/activists/tubman

• Underground Railroad interactive activity from National Geographic:http://www.nationalgeographic.com/railroad/j1.html

• Memorial article from Auburn, NY newspaper:http://www.harriettubman.com/memoriam2.html

• Background biographical information from PBS:http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p1535.html

• Harriet Tubman timeline:http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html

Literacy Resources:Literacy Resources:Thomas Jefferson’s Feast, written by Frank Murphy. Discusses Jefferson’s inventions and “discoveries,” mostly in terms of food! Fun for students to see some of his “other” contributions to our country.

Thomas Jefferson’s Feast, written by Frank Murphy. Discusses Jefferson’s inventions and “discoveries,” mostly in terms of food! Fun for students to see some of his “other” contributions to our country.

Thomas Jefferson, written by Cheryl Harness. Handles may aspects of Jefferson’s life and legacy, with excellent photos and documents included.

Thomas Jefferson, written by Cheryl Harness. Handles may aspects of Jefferson’s life and legacy, with excellent photos and documents included.

Sacagawea, written by Lise Erdrich.Sacagawea, written by Lise Erdrich.

A Picture Book of Thomas Jefferson, written by David Adler.

A Picture Book of Thomas Jefferson, written by David Adler.

Literacy Resources:Literacy Resources:

A Picture Book of Lewis & Clark, by David A. Adler.

A Picture Book of Lewis & Clark, by David A. Adler.

How We Crossed the West: The Adventures of Lewis & Clark, by Rosalyn Schanzer. (National Geographic)

How We Crossed the West: The Adventures of Lewis & Clark, by Rosalyn Schanzer. (National Geographic)

Lewis and Clark: A Prairie Dog for the President, by Shirley Raye Redmond

Lewis and Clark: A Prairie Dog for the President, by Shirley Raye Redmond

Here is a link to a Lewis & Clark booklist compiled by a librarian: http://www.elmhurstpubliclibrary.org/kids/kidsbooklists/lewisandclarkbooklist.pdf.

Here is a link to a Lewis & Clark booklist compiled by a librarian: http://www.elmhurstpubliclibrary.org/kids/kidsbooklists/lewisandclarkbooklist.pdf.

Literacy Resources:Literacy Resources:

Moses: When Harriet Tubman Led Her People to Freedom, by Carole Boston Weatherford

Moses: When Harriet Tubman Led Her People to Freedom, by Carole Boston Weatherford

Escape North: The Story of Harriet Tubman, by Monica Kulling

Escape North: The Story of Harriet Tubman, by Monica Kulling

Minty: A Story of Young Harriet Tubman, by Alan Schroeder

Minty: A Story of Young Harriet Tubman, by Alan Schroeder

Harriet Tubman, by Will Mara. (Check the library – many media specialists order the Rookie Readers series.)

Harriet Tubman, by Will Mara. (Check the library – many media specialists order the Rookie Readers series.)

Teaching Unit Three:Individuals, Groups, & Institutions:

Contributions of Jefferson, Lewis & Clark, Sacagawea, TubmanImpact of these individuals’ choices & decisions on AmericaRelate back to students’ own choices & decisions

LocationReview ways that geography impacts students’ lifestyleDiscuss how Lewis, Clark, & Sacagawea’s journey impacted America

(use a map!)Discuss how where Jefferson & Tubman lived impacted their lives

and decisions

Teaching Unit Three:Scarcity

Review the concept of scarcityDiscuss classroom/school examples of scarcityIdentify what resources were scarce for each of the historical figuresDiscuss ways that the figures handled that scarcity

Time, Change, and ContinuityCompare lives of historical figures to students’ livesIdentify cultural characteristics that are the same and different as during

the lives of the historical figuresDiscuss how our country has changed from Thomas Jefferson’s time to today