Fiqh us-SalatFiqh us-Salat

Sunan Acts within SalahSunan Acts within Salah

Halaqa Session #4Jun 14, 2007

Topics:Topics:

Review: Review: ShurutShurut, , ArkaanArkaan, , WaajibaatWaajibaat Importance of Importance of SunnahSunnah in Islam in Islam SunnahSunnah in Islamic Jurisprudence in Islamic Jurisprudence SunanSunan of Salah of Salah

ReviewReview

ShurutShurut of Salat of Salat1- Islam1- Islam2- Sanity2- Sanity3- Reaching age of Maturity3- Reaching age of Maturity4- Ritual Purity from Major and Minor Impurities4- Ritual Purity from Major and Minor Impurities5- Purity of Body, Clothes and Place5- Purity of Body, Clothes and Place6- Covering of the ‘Aurah6- Covering of the ‘Aurah7- Knowledge that time of prayer has begun7- Knowledge that time of prayer has begun8- Facing the Qiblah8- Facing the Qiblah9- Intention9- Intention

ArkaanArkaan in Salat in Salat1- Standing straight for prayer1- Standing straight for prayer2- Opening 2- Opening TakbirTakbir3- Reciting 3- Reciting Surah al-FatihahSurah al-Fatihah4- Bowing (4- Bowing (ruku’ruku’))5- Rising from bowing and standing straight5- Rising from bowing and standing straight6- Prostration (6- Prostration (sujoodsujood))7- Sitting between the two prostrations7- Sitting between the two prostrations8- The final 8- The final TashahhudTashahhud9- Sitting for the final 9- Sitting for the final TashahhudTashahhud10- Saying the salutation10- Saying the salutation11- Having tranquility during all of these acts11- Having tranquility during all of these acts12- Performing the above in the correct order12- Performing the above in the correct order

WaajibaatWaajibaat in Salat in Salat1- All other takbeers1- All other takbeers2- Saying 2- Saying Subhaana Rabbi al-’Adheem Subhaana Rabbi al-’Adheem during Ruku’during Ruku’3- Saying 3- Saying Sami-Allahu liman hamidahSami-Allahu liman hamidah when rising when rising from Ruku’ (for both imam and follower)from Ruku’ (for both imam and follower)4- Saying 4- Saying Rabbana wa-lakal hamdRabbana wa-lakal hamd after rising from after rising from Ruku’Ruku’5- Saying 5- Saying Subhaana Rabbi al-’Alaa Subhaana Rabbi al-’Alaa during Sujoodduring Sujood6-Saying 6-Saying Rabbigh firliRabbigh firli between two prostrations between two prostrations7- Saying the 7- Saying the firstfirst TashahhudTashahhud (in a 3 or 4-unit prayer) (in a 3 or 4-unit prayer)8- Sitting for the 8- Sitting for the firstfirst TashahhudTashahhud9- Salutations on the Prophet9- Salutations on the Prophet

SunnahSunnah in Islam in Islam

Importance of Importance of SunnahSunnah in Islam in Islam““And whatever the Messenger gives you, take it, And whatever the Messenger gives you, take it, and whatever he forbids you, abstain from it” (59:7)and whatever he forbids you, abstain from it” (59:7)

““Whoever obeys the Messenger verily obeys Allah” Whoever obeys the Messenger verily obeys Allah” (4:80)(4:80)

““Whenever Allah and His Messenger have decided Whenever Allah and His Messenger have decided a matter, it is not for a believing man or woman to a matter, it is not for a believing man or woman to follow another course of his or her own choice” follow another course of his or her own choice” (33:36)(33:36)

SunnahSunnah in Islamic Jurisprudence in Islamic JurisprudenceScholars of Scholars of Usul al-fiqhUsul al-fiqh--Scholars of Scholars of FiqhFiqh----Scholars of Scholars of HadithHadith----

SunnahSunnah is of three types… is of three types…1-prescription of duties as mentioned in the Qur’an1-prescription of duties as mentioned in the Qur’an

2-clarification of Qur’an and Will of Allah2-clarification of Qur’an and Will of Allah

3-rulings on matters not found in Qur’an3-rulings on matters not found in Qur’an

Sunan Sunan of Salatof Salat

SunanSunan of Salat of Salat1- Raising hand for the first 1- Raising hand for the first takbirtakbir--hands raised to the shoulders, fingertips parallel to hands raised to the shoulders, fingertips parallel to the ears, palms openthe ears, palms open-other times where hands should be raised:-other times where hands should be raised:--before going into ruku’--before going into ruku’--after coming up from ruku’--after coming up from ruku’--after rising from first sitting (in a 3/4-unit prayer)--after rising from first sitting (in a 3/4-unit prayer)-Hanafi: raise hands only at the first -Hanafi: raise hands only at the first takbirtakbir

SunanSunan of Salat of Salat2- Placement of hands during standing2- Placement of hands during standing--right hand over left wrist and forearm, or right right hand over left wrist and forearm, or right hand grasping left wrist and forearmhand grasping left wrist and forearm--hands can be placed on the chest, above the naval, hands can be placed on the chest, above the naval, or below the navalor below the naval

3- Position of feet during prayer3- Position of feet during prayer-straight, pointing towards the qibla-straight, pointing towards the qibla

SunanSunan of Salat of Salat4- Sight4- Sight--look towards his/her place of prostration with eyes look towards his/her place of prostration with eyes openopenpermitted to close eyes if it increases permitted to close eyes if it increases concentration, or if one is distracted by keeping concentration, or if one is distracted by keeping eyes open (ibn Qayyim)eyes open (ibn Qayyim)-not permitted to raise eyesight towards the -not permitted to raise eyesight towards the sky/abovesky/above

SunanSunan of Salat of Salat5- Opening Supplication5- Opening Supplication

6- Saying 6- Saying ‘aoudhu billah…’‘aoudhu billah…’-should only be recited in first rakah before…-should only be recited in first rakah before…

7- Saying ‘7- Saying ‘bismillah…’bismillah…’

[rukn: Surah al-Faatihah][rukn: Surah al-Faatihah]8- pausing after each ayah in Surah al-Faatihah8- pausing after each ayah in Surah al-Faatihah

SunanSunan of Salat of Salat9- Reciting 9- Reciting Surah al-FaatihahSurah al-Faatihah in congregation in congregation-remain silent when imam is reciting out loud-remain silent when imam is reciting out loud-recite in the pause between al-fatiha and surah-recite in the pause between al-fatiha and surah-if imam does not pause, then recite al-fatiha in the -if imam does not pause, then recite al-fatiha in the heart while concentrating on the surahheart while concentrating on the surah-recite al-fatihah in 3-recite al-fatihah in 3rdrd and 4 and 4thth units of prayer units of prayer individuallyindividually

SunanSunan of Salat of Salat10- Saying 10- Saying AmeenAmeen out loud/silently out loud/silently

11- Quranic recitation after al-Faatihah11- Quranic recitation after al-Faatihah

12- Making the recitation beautiful, but not 12- Making the recitation beautiful, but not innovating tones or trying to sing Qur’an (Muslim)innovating tones or trying to sing Qur’an (Muslim)

13- Recitation in first rak’ah longer than recitation 13- Recitation in first rak’ah longer than recitation in second rak’an (Bukhari, Muslim)in second rak’an (Bukhari, Muslim)

SunanSunan of Salat of SalatRuku (Bowing)Ruku (Bowing)

14- Qualities of Ruku14- Qualities of Ruku-The Prophet, when he bowed, would be straight, -The Prophet, when he bowed, would be straight, his head neither up nor down (with respect to the his head neither up nor down (with respect to the hips), and he would place his hands on his knees as hips), and he would place his hands on his knees as if he was holding them" (Nasa'i)if he was holding them" (Nasa'i)

SunanSunan of Salat of Salat15- Dhikr in Ruku15- Dhikr in Ruku-Say Say Subhana rabbi al-’adheemSubhana rabbi al-’adheem at least once (this is at least once (this is obligatory)obligatory)-Sunnah to say it three timesSunnah to say it three times-Read any dhikr if you want, as long as it is not Read any dhikr if you want, as long as it is not Qur’anQur’an

16- Rising from Ruku16- Rising from Ruku-[-[Sami-Allahu liman hamidahSami-Allahu liman hamidah] - obligatory] - obligatory-[-[Rabbana wa-lakal hamdRabbana wa-lakal hamd] - obligatory] - obligatory

SunanSunan of Salat of Salat17- Going into Sajdah17- Going into Sajdah-Knees before hands, or hands before knees?Knees before hands, or hands before knees?

18- Qualities of Sajdah18- Qualities of Sajdah-fingers together and facing qibla (Bukhari)-fingers together and facing qibla (Bukhari)-nose, forehead, palms, knees, and toes touching the -nose, forehead, palms, knees, and toes touching the groundground-palm parallel to shoulders and thumbs parallel to ears-palm parallel to shoulders and thumbs parallel to ears-elbows spread away from body and not touching the -elbows spread away from body and not touching the floor (Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi)floor (Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi)

SunanSunan of Salat of Salat19- Dhikr in Sujood19- Dhikr in Sujood-Say Say Subhana rabbi al-’alaSubhana rabbi al-’ala at least once (this is at least once (this is obligatory)obligatory)-Sunnah to say it three timesSunnah to say it three times-Read any dhikr if you want, as long as it is not Read any dhikr if you want, as long as it is not Qur’anQur’an

SunanSunan of Salat of Salat20- Sitting between prostrations20- Sitting between prostrations-sit on left foot with right foot -sit on left foot with right foot uprightupright with toes with toes pointing towards the pointing towards the qiblahqiblah-fingers slightly separated and should not go beyond -fingers slightly separated and should not go beyond the kneesthe knees-The Prophet would lay out his left foot and keep his -The Prophet would lay out his left foot and keep his right foot upright (Bukhari, Muslim)right foot upright (Bukhari, Muslim)-say -say RabbighfirliRabbighfirli at least once (sunnah three times) at least once (sunnah three times)

SunanSunan of Salat of Salat21- Rising from Sujood into standing position21- Rising from Sujood into standing position-Knees before hand, or hands before knees?-Knees before hand, or hands before knees?

22- Second unit of prayer same like first with 22- Second unit of prayer same like first with following exceptions:following exceptions:-no ‘Opening Supplication’-no ‘Opening Supplication’-preferable -preferable notnot to recite ‘ to recite ‘aodhubillah…’aodhubillah…’ before Surah before Surah al-Faatihahal-Faatihah

SunanSunan of Salat of SalatThe Sitting and The Sitting and TashahhudTashahhud-important note!-important note!

23- Raising and pointing the index finger23- Raising and pointing the index fingerHanafi: raise it when saying ‘Hanafi: raise it when saying ‘La ilaaha’La ilaaha’ and drop it and drop it when saying ‘when saying ‘ilallah’ilallah’Shafi’i: raise index finger upon saying ‘Shafi’i: raise index finger upon saying ‘ilallahilallah’’Hanbali: raise index whenever you get to ‘Allah’Hanbali: raise index whenever you get to ‘Allah’Maliki: raises his finger without moving it and Maliki: raises his finger without moving it and continues pointing it until he makes taslimcontinues pointing it until he makes taslim

SunanSunan of Salat of Salat24- Prayers on Prophet24- Prayers on Prophet-to be mentioned after -to be mentioned after lastlast Tashahhud of prayer Tashahhud of prayer-most common du’a: -most common du’a:

25- Du’a before salutation (25- Du’a before salutation (tasleem)tasleem)-’O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the torment of the -’O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the torment of the Hell-fire and the grave, from the trials of life and Hell-fire and the grave, from the trials of life and death, and from the trials of the false Messiah’ death, and from the trials of the false Messiah’ (Muslim)(Muslim)

SunanSunan of Salat of Salat26- Final salutation (26- Final salutation (tasleem)tasleem)-first tasleem: pillar-first tasleem: pillar-second tasleem: sunnah-second tasleem: sunnah-most common opinion:-most common opinion:

27- Individual dhikr after prayer27- Individual dhikr after prayer-Seek forgiveness 3 times and then say ‘O Allah you -Seek forgiveness 3 times and then say ‘O Allah you are peace and from you is peace. You are filled with are peace and from you is peace. You are filled with good, O Sublime and Honorable One’ (Muslim, good, O Sublime and Honorable One’ (Muslim, Bukhari)Bukhari)

SourcesSources1- 1- Fiqh us-SunnahFiqh us-Sunnah: Sayyid Sabiq: Sayyid Sabiq2- 2- Prayer of the Prophet Prayer of the Prophet by al-Albaniby al-Albani3- www.IslamToday.com: Sheikh Salman al-Oudah3- www.IslamToday.com: Sheikh Salman al-Oudah4- 4- Principles of Islamic JurisprudencePrinciples of Islamic Jurisprudence: Muhammad : Muhammad Hashim KamaliHashim Kamali