(The Fiqh Of Worship) 'Ibaadat-ul-Fiqh

(Lecture by sister Eman on Tuesday, March 20, 2012)

Bismillaahir-Rahmaanir-Raheem

Recap >>>

Last week we spoke about the two types of Tahaarah (Purification):

ا��دث ر�� • Raf'al Hadath (Ritual Purity)

• �� Izaalath-un-Najaasah (Removal of إزا� ا��

dirt/Elimination of filth)

ا��دث ر�� - Needs to be purified from 2 types of hadath:

ا���ر �دث • Hadath al-Asghar ( Minor ritual impurity)- For eg:

Passing urine, defecation and passing wind/gas. It is removed or

purified by making wudhu.

ا���ر �دث • Hadath al-Akbar (Major ritual impurity)-

For eg: Sexual intercourse, menstruation & post-natal bleeding. It

is removed/ purified by making ghusl.

�� :Removal of dirt from 3 things - إزا� ا��

From the body (Al-Badan)

From the clothes (Al-Libaas)

From the place (Al-Makaan)

So Raf'al-hadath and Izaalathun-Najaasah are the two types of

Tahaarah (puirification) done in order to pray and do other acts of

worship.

New Topic >>>

For both types of Tahraarah- Raf'al hadath and izaalath-un-najaasah,

in order to make wudhu or ghusul and in order to remove the dirt

from the body, clothes and place, we need water/ا����ه (Al Miyaah).

That's why the next chapter is al-miyaah (water). In Fiqh, there are

different classification of water.

Chapter 2 –ا����ه Al Miyaah/ Water

Water/ ا����ه -> 2types:

ا�ط�ور ا���ء .1 Al Maa' at-Tahoor(Purest water)

ا�� س ا���ء .2 Al Maa' an-Najas (Impure /dirty water)

:Al Maa' at-Tahoor (Purest water) ا���ء ا�ط�ور .1

The water which is in its original form and pure by itself.

Look at the wordور (Al Maa' at-Tahoor) ا���ءطور (Tahoor) in ط

which is related to At-Tahaarah.

(That which cleans/purifies)را�طور --> ط�ھر(Clean/Pure) + �ط

When we say something is ط�ھر Taahir, it means clean/pure, but we

can't make wudhu with it.

�طر Mutahhir means something which we can use to clean.

That's why both together we call it ا�طور At-Tahoor

را�طو At-Tuhoor means ر و ط�ھر�ط Taahirun wa mutahhirun –

Pure and that which purifies.

So ور Al maa'un tahoor means water which is pure by itself ا���ءط

and at the same time, it can purify something.

There are things which are pure ط�ھر , but you can't make wudhu or

ghusl with it. For eg: Tea, coffee etc. Though these things are Taahir/

pure but they can't be used for purification.

This is because though it's Taahir but it's not Mutahhir and so it

doesn't purify.

That's why we use Al Maa' at-Tahoor to purify because At-Tahoor has

2 things- Taahir and Mutahhir and these 2 together gives Maa' at-

Tahoor (Purest Water).

ا�ط�ور ا���ء Al Maa' at-Tahoor is the water obtained from the

nature in its original form.

Examples of ا���ء ا�ط�ور (Al Maa' at-Tahoor):

• Sea water ا����ر ��ء

• River water ا����ر ��ء

• Rain water ا��ط�ر ��ء

• Well water ا���ر ��ء

• Spring water ون ��ء��ا�

Al Maa' at-Tahoor is purified by itself and it will purify other things.

The 'Ulamaa' says you can use this water for purification/Tahaarah

because there are evidences from the Qur'an and Sunnah. Especially

there is evidence that the sea water is Maa'un Tahoor (purest water)

and you can purify with it. (Check for evidences in the fiqh book, page

9)

These are the examples of Maa'un Tahoor. Now we will look at ���

(Hukmuhu) / Ruling.

��� (Hukmuhu)/Ruling about Al Maa' at-Tahoor:

1. Can you use Al Maa' at-Tahoor for Tahaarah (Purification) ie;

to make wudhu/ghusl and for the removal of dirt?

Ruling: Yes, we can use Al Maa' at-Tahoor for Tahaarah, [ie; for

Raf'al hadath as well as Izaalathun-najaasah] to make wudhu or

ghusl and for the removal of dirt.

2. Can you use the water that has changed due to the mixing or

adding of any pure (Taahir) substances like tea/coffee powders,

spices, juices, stock etc, for purification/Tahaarah [ie; for

making wudhu/ghusl and for the removal of dirt]?

Ruling: The 'Ulamaa' said that there are two cases regarding this

water:

• If the water is mixed with things which are Taahir (Pure) like

juices, tea/coffee powders, stock or any other pure things, in a

very SMALL quantity (for eg: imagine few drops of juice in a

bucket of water) and it HASN'T AFFECTED OR CHANGED the

natural features of water, then you can use this water for

Tahaarah (ie; for making wudhu/ghusl or for the removal of

dirt).

• If the water is mixed with things which are Taahir (Pure) like

juices, tea/coffee powders , stock or other pure things in a

LARGE quantity and it has changed the water into a NEW

SUBSTANCE, for eg: tea, coffee, soup etc (water is changed into

new names), then you can't use this water for Tahaarah.

We can't find any religion other than Islam which gives the details

of purification and water. Actually the Fiqh makes us to appreciate

Islam more especially when we know the importance of Tahaarah

and the water. "Tahaarah" is the first chapter (first preference) in

the Fiqh-ul-'Ibaadat (The fiqh of Worship). Muslims are Taahir

(Pure) because in Islam, we need to be cleaner than anyone else as

we use tahoor/purest water all the time for purification.

Tahaarah is very important whether it is regarding yourselves or your

house or any other things. In everything you need to take care of

cleanliness because you should have SibghatAllah (which means you

should have the color/religion of Allah. This is referring to Deen - it

refers to the effect of Islam that you can see on a person ie; the way

he submit or how his life is influenced by the Deen).

Tahaarah/cleanliness is something beautiful of the SibghatAllah and

it is very important. Purification is the first thing to be done in order

to do the acts of worship.

:Al Maa' an-Najas (Impure /dirty water) ا���ء ا�� س (2

The water which change its color, taste and smell with the dirt in it.

It is the same whether the dirt/najas (for eg: urine, blood etc) is

mixed in small quantity or large quantity.

Even if the dirt/najas is mixed in a very small amount, the water is

still considered as impure water or dirty water.

Impure water (Al maa' an-Najas) -> Water that changes its (Al maa'

alladhee taghayyir):

1-Taste (tha'amhu)

2-Smell (reehuhu)

3-Colour (lounuhu)

The 'ulamaa' said: Sometimes if some dirt/najis is mixed in approx.

160 liters of water, then you can use it for purification (ie; to make

wudhu/ ghusl or purify filth). Other than this (approx.) 160 liters of

water, you can't use any lesser quantity of water mixed with dirt for

purification.

For example: If the dirt is mixed with water whether in small quantity

or large quantity and it changes its color, taste or odor, then you

can't use it for purification but if the dirt is mixed in approx.160 liters

of water and you can't find any change in its color, taste or smell,

then you can use it for purification.

Examples of س :Al Maa' an-Najis (Impure /dirty water) ا���ء ا��

وا����رات ا�� �ري ا���ء • - Sewage and drainage water

و� ���ر ��'وح دم $��ط ا�ذي ا���ء • – The water which is

mixed with flowing blood, so it changed its color (for eg: blood

flowing from a slaughtered animal getting mixed with water)

را*�( ���رت ��( �� �)طت • ا�ذي ا���ء – The water in

which something fell dead, so it changed its smell.(for eg: a

bird fell dead inside well water)

��� (Hukmuhu)/Ruling about س : Al Maa' an-Najas ا���ء ا��

Can we use Al Maa' an-Najas which are mentioned above, for

making wudhu or for other purifications?

Ruling: No, س ا���ء ا�� Al Maa' an-Najas / dirty water cannot be

used for making wudhu or any other purification.

So this is about al miyaah (water) for today.

Remember:

Al miyaa' (water) -> 2 types ->

1. Al maa' at-Tahoor-> This water can be used for Tahaarah, even if

it's mixed with little amount of Taahir (pure substances).

2. Al maa' an-Najas-> This water cannot be used for Tahaarah,

even if small quantity of dirt (najis) like urine or blood is mixed in it.

Sometimes if some dirt is mixed in approx. 160 liters of water and

you can't find any change in its color, taste or smell, then it is used

for purification.

-And Allah knows best

InshaaAllah we will receive the translations of the chapter 'water' (fiqh book pg 9) from

sister Eman soon.

Please let me know if there are any corrections to be made in this notes. My E-mail id:

falaq_ckd@yahoo.com

Jazakumullahu khairan

Wassalam..

Love.. Zabira Dawood