final powerpoint presentation
TRANSCRIPT
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PERFORMANCE OF
CONSTITUENCY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS. A SURVEY OF
VIHIGA COUNTY.
Presenter: Kamau Edward M.
Supervisors: Dr. Elizabeth N. Makokha Prof. Gregory S. Namusonge.
1.1 Background
• CDF was created in 2003 ;CDF Act of 2003
• Reviewed as CDF Act of 2013- has been used to advance MPs political agenda
• Newton (2015), projects are temporary structures whose specific aim is delivering
an identifiable end-product.
• PMTT are used in projects to plan and control scope of work involved for project
success(Andongndou et al., 2009).
1.1 Background cont.
• Current set up of county and national governments-No institutional framework for
use of project tools and techniques
• Constituencies limited capacity in project identification, planning, monitoring and
evaluation - many incomplete CDF projects.
• World Bank (2000) showed that the CDF can be laterally defined as a vehicle used
for monetary transfers and misappropriation-compromise quality of projects
sustainability
1.2 Problem statement
• Persistent questions of whether the CDF has met its objective, - this remains an
imperative research topic
• Lack of a legal monitoring and evaluation framework-monitoring and evaluation
have not fully been managed by the CDF committees in the constituencies and thus
most of the projects end up being terminated at early stages of implementation
• Budgetary misappropriations especially during procurement are a cause of stalling
of CDF projects in most constituencies(IGI Kenya, 2010)
1.2 Problem statement cont…
•Persistent cases of cost & time overruns and terminated projects before completion in
many constituencies .
•Inadequate analysis and engagement of stakeholders as well as failure to properly
utilize project tools and techniques for effective monitoring and evaluation.
•A lacking project identification criteria & legal M&E framework.
•The study will investigate the factors that affect the performance of CDF projects in
Vihiga county, Kenya.
1.3 OBJECTIVES
• 1.3.1 General objective
This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the performance of constituency
development funded projects which will be a complete survey of Vihiga County.
1.3.2 Specific objectives
1. To determine the effect of budget on performance of CDF projects in Vihiga
county.
2. To evaluate the effect of strategic planning on performance of CDF projects in
Vihiga County.
3. To examine the effect of stakeholder analysis and engagement on performance of
CDF projects in Vihiga County.
4. To evaluate the effect of project management tools on performance of CDF
projects in Vihiga County.
1.4 Research questions
1. What is the effect of the budget on the performance of CDF projects in Vihiga
County?
2. What is the effect of strategic planning on the performance of CDF projects in
Vihiga County?
3. What is the effect of stakeholder analysis and engagement on the performance of
CDF projects in Vihiga County?
4. What is the effect of project management tools on the performance of CDF
projects in Vihiga County?
1.5 Research hypotheses
The study will be guided by the following hypotheses:
• Ho1: Budget does not have a significant effect on project performance.
• Ho2: Strategic planning does not have a significant effect on project performance.
• Ho3: Stakeholder analysis and engagement does not have a significant effect on
project performance.
• Ho4: Project management tools do not have a significant effect on project
performance.
The Programs theory
• The function of program theory is to ascertain the theoretical approachability of the
program (Lipsey, 2000)
• The program theory is a blue print answering the questions: why, how, and under
what conditions the program effects occur (Sedani & Sechrest, 1999)
• It enhances prediction of the final or phase by phase outcomes of the program and
finally specify the necessary conditions which will assist in delivering the intended
result of a program (Sedani & Sechrest, 1999)
The Programs theory cont….
• The programs theory resembles the logical framework approach - its model uses
three components to describe the program: the project activities or inputs, the
intended outcomes, and the mechanisms in which outcomes are achieved.
• The program theory clarifies the point of view of the program, on which an
evaluation of the program's quality can be based (Bickman & Peterson, 1990)
• Thus, a clear program theory allows policymakers & project managers to
implement similar relevant programs and thus ensuring success (Bickman, 1987)
Lewin's change management theory
• The model analyses human behavior vs. change and patterns of resistance to
change-projects are meant to impact change and all projects are subject to
resistance (stakeholders , politicians, community opinion & policy makers)
• The model identifies forces that oppose change often called ‘static forces’ and
those promoting change always referred to as ‘driving forces’
• It encompasses 3 phases: Unfreezing, Transition and Refreezing (Bozak, 2003).
Lewin's change management theory cont….
• Unfreezing- openly & honestly identifying & communicating ideas to all
stakeholders , create lists of forces that will affect the project. (Bozak, 2003)
• Transition / moving phase- actual change planning and implementation of the
project, project leader MUST oversee/monitor this project through all phases.
•Refreezing Stage-The final stage of Lewin’s theory, freezing or refreezing the changed
practice occurs, leads to a time of stability and evaluation (Bozak, 2003)
Conceptual framework Independent Variables Dependent Variables
Strategic planning Existence of strategic plan Adherence to the strategic plan
Stakeholders’ analysis & engagement Identification and analysis report Engagement plan Participatory role
Project management toolsExistence of PMTT
Knowledge on their useMonitoring & evaluation practice
Importance of PMTT
Performance of ConstituencyDevelopment Funded projects in Vihiga County
Budget Formulation, adequacy of funds, Adherence , budget controls , Auditing.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
• Descriptive survey design will be used. It enables capturing all pertinent aspects of
a situation while employing a unit study and investigation. (Best et al, 2003)
• Namusonge (2010)-This method is best suited for gathering descriptive information
where the researcher investigates people or attitudes concerning one or more
variables through direct query.
• Target population – A sample of 125 respondents from the 5 constituencies in
Vihiga county.(Sabatia, Vihiga, Luanda, Emuhaya and Hamisi)
Sampling frameClustering Of
population EMUHAYAVIHIGA
LUANDASABATIA HAMISI TOTAL
Stratified Sampling Of Population
16 CDFC
members
16 CDFC
members
16 CDFC
members
16 CDFC
members
16 CDFC
members
Random
Sampling Of
Projects
5 Projects
5 Projects
5 Projects
5 Projects
5 Projects
Simple
Random
Sampling Of
Respondents
5 Respondent
s Per Project
5 Respondents Per Project
5 Respondents Per Project
5 Respondents Per Project
5 Respondents Per Project
Total Sample 25 25 25 25 25 125
DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENT
• The research instrument is a questionnaire. The questionnaire is ideal for the
descriptive survey, as it enables quick collection of similar data across a relatively
dispersed population.
• Using a predesigned closed end questionnaire ensure that information seek is
relevant to the objectives of the research, is standard and focus the research on
collecting the information rather than thinking about what information to collect.
DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION
• Analysis of the data will be done using spss 17 software.
• Descriptive statistics will be used (means, standard deviations, frequencies and
percentages) as well as inferential statistics.
• Multiple regressions model/analysis will be used to determine the relationship
between independent and dependent variable.
REGRESSION ANALYSIS MODEL
• The model enables the researcher to predict value of the outcome binary variable given values of the explanatory variables.
(p) = βo + β1Χ1+ β2Χ2+ β3Χ3+ β4Χ4+………..εo; Where:p = the probability of project success/performance
(1-p) = The probability of project not performing/failingβ0 = Constant: if we let p=y, therefore
β1 = measures the change in y with respect to x1, ceteris paribus
β2 = measures the change in y with respect to x2, ceteris paribus
β3 = measures the change in y with respect to x3, ceteris paribus
β4= measures the change in y with respect to x4, ceteris paribus
Regression Analysis Model cont…….
• (p) = βo + β1Χ1+ β2Χ2+ β3Χ3+ β3Χ4+………..εo x1 = the budget
x2 = strategic planning
x3 = stakeholder analysis and engagement
x4 = project management tools
εo = Error term assumed to be a constant
• The model will be used will be used to determine the relationship between the
independent and dependent variable.
END Thank you all