final - kh legal and gender issue of marriage and divorce...

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2>4> karcMNaykñúgpÞHsEm,g

1

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for Children and Women).

2

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5> esckþIsniñdæan nigGnusasn_

1> esckI þepþ Im

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2

viTüasßanCatisßiti-RksYgEpnkar/ GegátcenøaHCMerOnRbCasa®sþkm<úCaqñaM 2004/manenAelIeKh

TMB½r http://nada.nis. gov.kh/ index.php/catalog/6 nig http://marriage-statistics.findthebest.com/l/1084/

Cambodia-2004-Women-Single.

3

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2> GaBah_BiBah_

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3

sUmemIl Rkmrdæb,evNIExμrqñaM 2007 maRta 978 ¬1¦ ¬k¦ manenAelIeKhTMB½r http://

cambodianbusinesscorner. wordpress.com/2013/01/05/civil-code-2007/ 4

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4

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BYkeKmanGayu 18 qñaM7

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knøgput8

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5

Rkmrdæb,evNI/ maRta 948. 6

dUcxagelI/ mRta 948 ¬GaBah_BiBah_GaceFVIeTA)anluHRtaEtmankaryl;RBmBIGñkEdlman

GMNacem)a b¤ GaNaBüa)alrbs;GnItiCn¦. 7

sUmemIlGtßbTEdlmancMNgeCIgfa GaBah_BiBah_GnItiCnCMuvijBiPBelak ³ RbeTskm<úCa

manenAelIeKhTMB½r http://www.girlsnotbrides.org/child-marriage/cambodia/. 8


sUmemIlr)aykarN_ Concluding Observations on the Combined Fourth and Fifth Periodic Reports of

Cambodia, CEDAW Comm., 56th Session, U.N. Doc. CEDAW/C/KHM/CO/4-5 at 9 (2013).

5

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10

sUmemIl Rkmrdæb,evNI/ maRta 988. 11

dUcxagelI/ maRta 989. 12

karbkRsayeFVIeLIgedayEp¥keTAelImaRta 955 énRkmrdæb,evNI nigGnuRkwtüelx 103

sþIBIGRtanukUldæan rbs;RksYgmhaépÞ manenAelIeKhTMB½r http://www.skpcambodia.com/Laws%20

&%20Regulations%20of%20the%20Kingdom%20of%20Cambodia/Nationality_Immergration_Civil%20Regist

ration/Sub-dree%20No103%20on%20Civil%20Registration-Eng.pdf .

6

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13

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7

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8

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dUcxagelI maRta 976 kfaxNÐ3. 17

Id. maRta 977.

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Id. maRta 970 ¬2¦. 19

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km<úCa23

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enHKYrEtmanEcgBIkarrMelaPesBsnßv³edayshB½T§24

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21

Katherine Brickell, Baurenksmey Prak nig Bunnak Poch sresrr)aykarN_eRsavRCavEdlman

cMNgeCIgfa Domestic Violence Law: The Gap between Legislation and Practice in Cambodia and

What Can Be Done About It ¬2014¦/ TMB½rTI18/ manenAelIeKhTMB½r http://www.katherine

brickell.com / katherinebrickell/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/DV-Law-Prelim-Report-2014.pdf. 22

Catherine Cecil et al., sresrr)aykarN_EdlmancMNgeCIgfa Violence Against Women- A

Baseline Survey ¬2005¦/ TMB½rTI57/ manenAelIeKhTMB½r http://www.unwomen-eseasia.org/

projects/Cedaw/docs/2006/Baseline%20VAW-2005engl.pdf 23

dUcxageliI. 24

sUmemIlr)aykarN_rbs; The Cambodian Committee of Women (Cambo) EdlmancMNgeCIgfa

Violence Against Women: How Cambodia Laws Discriminate Against Women ¬viciäka 2007¦/

13

rMelaPesBsnßv³edayshB½T§[Cab;Bn§naKarBI5 qñaMeTA 10 qñaM 25

. b:uEnþ m®nþICaeRcInenA

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bTrMelaPesBsnßv³minRtÚv)anpþnÞaeTas CaBiessKWkarrMelaPesBsnßv³edayshB½T§26

.

2>6> eTVBn§PaB nigkarcuHecallMenAsgVas

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GRtamrNPaBbursmankRmitx<s;kñúgsm½yExμrRkhm27

nigktþamYyeTotKWGMNacminesñIKña

rvagburs nignarI. kñúgkrNIeTVBn§PaBKWbþIerobkarCamYynarImñak;epSgeTót edaymin)an

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fμICamYynarImñak;epSgeTot edaymin)anerobkarCamYynag ehIyenAEtmancMNg

TMB½rTI9/ manenAelIeKhTMB½r www.licadho-cambodia.org/reports/files/112CAMBOWViolence

WomenReport2007_ENG.pdf . 25

sUmemIlc,ab;sþIBIkarTb;sáat;GMeBIhigSakñúgRKÜsar nigkic©karBarCnrgeRKaH ¬2005¦/ maRta7/

manenAelIeKhTMB½r www.wcwonline.org/pdf/lawcompilation/Cambodia_dv_victims2005.pdf

nigRkmRBhμTNÐkm<úCa ¬2009¦/ maRta 239/ manenAelIeKhTMB½r www.unodc.org/res/cld/

document/ khm/criminal_code_of_the_kingdom_of_cambodia_html/Cambodia_Criminal-Code-of-

the-Kingdomof-Cambodia-30-Nov-2009-Eng.pdf . 26

Emma Fulu et al. sresrr)aykarN_mYyEdlmancMNgeCIgfa Why Do Some Men Use Violence

Against Women and How Can We Prevent It? Quantitative Findings from the United Nations Multi-

country Study on Men and Violence in Asia and the Pacific ¬2013¦/ manenAelIeKhTMB½r

http://unwomen- asiapacific.org/docs/WhyDoSomeMenUseViolenceAgainst Women_P4P_

Report.pdf. 27

Patrick Heuveline nig Bunnak Poch sresrGtßbTmYyEdlmancMNgeCIgfa Do Marriages

Forget Their Past? Marital Stability in Past-Khmer Rouge Cambodia, 43:I DEMOGRAPHY 99 ¬kumÖ³

2006¦/ manenAelIeKhTMB½r www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3930764/ .

14

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28

karhamXat;min[maneTVBn§PaBkñúgmaRta 949 énRkmrdæb,evNI nigRtÚvdak;TNÐkmμBin½yCa

TwkR)ak;dl; 2 lanerol eyageTAtammaRta 353 énRkmRBhμTNÐkm<úCa. 29

Rkmrdæb,evNI maRta 978 ¬1¦ ¬k¦. eTVBn§PaBGaccat;Tuk)anCakarRbRBwtþGMeBIpit. 30

viTüasßanCatisßiti/ CMerOnRbCaCnkm<úCaqña M2008/ manenAelIeKhTMB½r www.nis.gov.kh/nis/

census2008/Census.pdf. 31

Katherine Brickell, sresrr)aykarN_mYyEdlmancMNgeCIgfa ‘Plates in a Basket Will Rattle’:

Marital Dissolution and Home ‘Unmaking’ in Contemporary Cambodia, 51 GEOFORUM 265, 265

¬2013¦. 32

maRtaTI1énc,ab;sþIBIkarTb;sáat;GMeBIhigSakñúgRKÜsar nigkic©karBarCnrgeRKaH.

15

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PaKry33

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33

Charles Hirschman nig Bussarawan Teerawichitchainan niBn§GtßbTmYyEdlmancMNgeCIgfa

Cultural and Socioeconomic Influences on Disvorce During Modernization: Southeast Asia, 1940s to

1960s, 29:2 POPULATION & DEV.REV.215 ¬mifuna 2003¦. 34

UNDP, Pathways to Justice ¬2005¦/ TMB½rTI 115. 35

Remarks at Legal Aid of Cambodia Workshop, Access to Divorce for Women in Cambodia ¬mina

17 2010¦ (on file with author) 36

sUmemIl UNDP kMNt;cMNaMelx 34/ TMB½rTI 79.

16

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sUmemIlmaRta 978 ¬1¦énRkmrdæb,evNI. 38


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17

esaFnGaharkic©rbs;shB½T§ karRKb;RKg EfrkSakUn siT§ieTAsYrsuxTukçkUn nigkarpÁt;pÁg;kUn

EdlcMNucTaMgGs;nwgbkRsayenAEpñkbnþbnÞab;eTot.

enARbeTskm<úCa manEttulakarfñak;extþEtb:ueNÑaH dUecñHRbCaCnenAtamCnbTRtÚv

eFVIdMeNIrq¶aymunmkdl;TIrYmextþ. dUc)anBiPSakarxageRkam dMeNIrkarCMnMuCRmHerOg

kþIElglHEtgEttRmÚv[PaKITaMgsgxageTAtulakarBIreTAbIdg ehIyenHKWCabnÞúkd¾Bi)ak

edaHRsaysRmab;RKÜsarRkIRk. kgVHxaténsiTi§TTYl)ankarElglHnwgbkRsaybEnßm

eTotenAEpñk 4>2 xageRkam.

3>3 karEbgEckRTBüsm,ti þ

Rkmrdæb,evNIkMNt;BIkarEbgEckRTBüsm,tiþrYmkñúgkrNIElglH. maRta 980

EcgfaRTBüsm,tiþrYmRtÚvEbgEck edayEp¥ktamkarRBmeRBógrbs;PaKITaMgsgxag. fVIebImin

)anEcgc,as;;las;k¾eday karRBmeRBógrbs;PaKITaMgsgxagGacsnμtfarab;bBa©ÚlTaMg

kic©snüaTaMgLayNaEdlshB½T§eFVIeLIgCamYyKñamuneBlerobGaBah_BiBah_. kñúgkrNIEdl

bþIRbBn§minGacRBmeRBógCamYyKña)an tulakarRtÚvEtGnuvtþtamRbB½n§EbgEckRTBüsm,tiþ

kMNt;edayc,ab;. eyageTAtammaRta972 nig 973 RTBüsm,tiþrYmRtÚvEbgEckBak;

kNþalmñak;. RbCaCnkm<úCaCaTUeTAdwgGMBIsiT§iTTYl)anRTBüsm,tþirYmBak;kNþalmñak; ehIy

karyl;dwgCasaFarN³RtÚv)anelIkeLIgCabEnßmenAqñaM2008 enAeBlbþImñak;EdlQb;

rs;enACamYyRbBn§)anGarpÞHrbs;BYkeKCaBIr nigykpÞHmYycMehogeTACamYyxøÜn40

.

kñúgkarEbgEckRTBüsm,tiþrYm ecARkmmanqnÞanusiTi§c,as;las;kñúgGnuvtþxusBIRbB½n§

kMNt;edayc,ab; eTAtamkarsMeNIrbs;shB½T§mçag ³

ebImankrNIBiess nigmankarTamTarrbs;PaKINamYykñúgcMeNam

shB½T§TaMgBIr tulakark¾GacEbgEckRTBüsm,tiþrYm edayBicarNaeTAelI

sßanPaBepSg² dUcCaTMhMénkarbric©aKrbs;PaKInImYy²cMeBaHlT§kmμén

40

sUmemIlGtßbTEdlmancMNgeCIgfa Cambodian Couple Saw House in Half in Divorce, kaEst

HUFFINGTON POST/ éf¶TI 10 Ex tula qñaM 2008/ manenAelIeKhTMB½r

www.huffingtonpost.com /2008/10/13/cambodian-couple-saw-hous_n_134098.html.

18

RTBüsm,tiþ karEfrkSa b¤ karbegáInRTBüGMLúgeBlGaBah_BiBah_kRmit

CIvPaBrs;enAenAkñúgGMLúgeBlmancMNgGaBah_BiBah_ Gayu sßanPaB pøÚvcitþ

nigpøÚvkay viC¢aCIv³ R)ak;cMNUl lT§PaBeFVIkargarrbs;PaKInImYy²nig

plRbeyaCn_ rbs;kUnCaGaT×41

.

edIm,ICakarKaMRTdl;®sþITUeTA maRtaenH)anbBa¢ak;bEnßmfa eKhkic©RtÚvcat;Tukfaman

témøesμInwgkargarEdleFVIeRkApÞH. témøénkargarempÞHk¾manEcgkñúgrdæFmμnuBaØénRBHraCa

NacRkkm<úCa42

. enH)anbgðajBIPaBesμIKña karviDÆ nigkaryl;dwgBIbBaðaey:nD½r BIeRBaH

®sþIExμr PaKeRcInminrk)anR)ak;cMNUleRcIndUcbþIrbs;xøÜnenaHeT edaysarEtbnÞúkkic©kargarpÞH

EdlCaTMenomTmøab;tRmÚv[RbBn§CaGñkTTYlr:ab;rg nigkgV³xatkarGb;rM nig»kas.

bBaðac,as;las;mYycMnYn EdlEtgEtekItmaneLIgkñúgkarEbgEckRTBüsm,tiþKWdI

nigsiT§ielIesaFnnivtþn_.

3>3>1 dI

dIKWCaRbPBFnFand¾mantémøsRmab;RbCaCnExμr CaBiessRKÜsarRkIRk nigenAtam

CnbT. 80 PaKryénRbCaCnExμrTaMgGs;RtÚv)anRbmaNfars;enACnbT43

nigRbEhlCa

36 PaKryéncMNUlesdækic©rbs;BYkeKmanRbPBmkBIksikmμ44

. kmμsiTi§dIFøIGaceFVIeTA)an

tamry³surieyadI. kñúgrbbExμrRkhm ÉksarsurieyadITaMgGs;RtÚv)anbMpøajecal dUecñH

kñúgGMLúgeBl 10 qñaMcugeRkayenH raCrdæaPi)al)anBüayamxitxMRbwgERbgcuHbBa¢Ikmμ

siT§idIFøIEdlmanlkçN³CaRbBn§eTIbEtbegáItfμI.

41


rdæFmμnuBaØénRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa ¬1993¦/ maRta 36. 43

CMerOnRbCaCn/ kMNt;cMNaMelx 30. 44

World Bank 2012 figures ecjpSayeday Trading Economics manenAelIeKhTMB½r

www.tradingeconomics.com/cambodia/agriculure-value-added-percent-of-gdp-wb.data.html .

19

GgÁkareRkAraCrdæaPi)al nigGgÁkarGnþrCatimYycMnYnsgát;F¶n;eTAelIsarsMxan;én

kmμsiTi§dIFøIrYmrbs;bþIRbBn§ edIm,ICaRbeyaCn_kñúgkic©karBarsiTi§rbs;®sþI45

. eTaHbICakic©karBar

siTi§RsþIGacnwgRtÚv)anGnuvtþk¾eday shkmμsiT§ielIdIFøIminTak;Tgnwgkic©karBarenaHeT Rbsin

ebIEp¥keTAelIeKalTsSn³c,ab;. dUcEdl)anBiPakSaxagelI RTBüsm,tþirYmrab;bBa©Úlral;dIFøI

EdlshB½T§TTYl)anenAkñúgGMLúgeBlGaBah_BiBah_ elIkElgEtdIFøI EdlshB½T§TTYl)an

edayRbTankmμ snþtikmμ b¤ TijedayeRbIR)as;RTBüsm,tiþedayELk46

. mankarPan;

RcLMGMBIerOgdIFøIedayyl;fa enAeBldIcuHbBa¢IedayeQμaHshB½T§EtmYy shB½T§mYyeTot

BMumankmμsiTi§eTAelIdIFøIenHeT b:uEnþkaryl;EbbenHminRtwmRtÚvenaHeT RbsinebIdIFøIenHGac

kMNt;CaRTBüsm,tþirYm. shB½T§mçageTotKWCashkmμsiTi§Rsbc,ab;; tamry³RbB½n§RTBü

sm,tiþrYmkMNt;edayc,ab;.

]TahrN_ bþIRbBn§mYyKU)anykR)ak;snSMrYmKñakñúgGMLúgGaBah_BiBah_ TijdI

mYybøg; EtbþIKWCakmμsiTi§krelIdIenHmñak;Ég.

eTaHbIy:agenHkþI RbBn§enAEtCashkmμsiTi§krrYméndIFøIenHEdr tamry³RbB½n§RTBü

sm,tiþrYmkMNt;edayc,ab;.

b:uEnþ manerOgGVIekIteLIgRbsinebIsßanPaBenHRbBa©asvij? ]TahrN_ bþIRbBn§

mandImYybøg; ehIyRbBn§TTYl)andIenHedaysnþtikmμ EtkmμsiTi§KWCaeQμaHrbs;bþIRbBn§

TaMgBIr. RsbeTAtamRbB½n§RTBüsm,tiþrYmkMNt;edayc,ab; dImYybøg;enHKYrcuHbBa¢Ieday

eQμaHRbBn§Etmñak;Kt;. k¾b:uEnþ \LÚvenH PaKITaMgsgxag)anGnuvtþxusBIRbB½n§kMNt;eday

c,ab;. sMNYrecaTsYrfaetIbþIKYrEtcat;TukCam©as;énGclnRTBüenHEdrb¤eT? RbsinebICa

G‘IcwgEmn etIRbBn§GacTamTarkarTTYllaPedayvismFm’rbs;bþI)anEdreT?47

etIbþIGacEføg

45

]TahrN_ karGnuvtþenH)anbBa¢ak;enAkñúgkarRKb;RKgdI nigkarcuHbBa¢Irbs;FnaKarBiPBelak (Land

Management and Registration of the World Bank) manenAelIeKhTMB½r web.worldbank.org/

WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/CAMBODIAEXTN/O,,contentMD

K:21434075~menuPK:293874~page PK:2865066~piPK:2865079~theSitePK:293856,00.html.

46

Rkmrdæb,evNI maRta 972 nig maRta 973. 47

dUcxagelI/ maRta 736.

20

fakar cuHbBa¢IrYmenAsurieyadIKWCakaryl;RBmGnuvtþn_xusBIRbB½n§RTBüsm,tiþrYmkMNt;eday

c,ab;48

? KμancemøIyc,as;las;sRmab;eqøIytbnwgsMNYrecaTsYrTaMgGs;enHeT.

CaeKalkarN_ kmμsiTi§dITTYl)ankñúgGMLúgeBlGaBah_BiBah_nwgRtÚv)anRKb;RKgeday

shB½T§TaMgBIr elIkElgEteKTTYl)andIenHedayRbTankmμ snþtikmμ b¤ shB½T§mçagTij

edayRTBüsm,tiþpÞal;sm,tiþpÞal;xøÜn. bnÞab;BIkarElglHRsbc,ab; bþIRbBn§GacseRmc

citþ)anfanrNaKWCakmμsiT§ikréndIenaH. kñúgkrNIEdlBYkeKminGaceFVIkarseRmccitþ)an

tulakarGacecjmunedaHRsaytamsMNUmBrrbs;bþIRbBn§. tulakarGacbgÁab;[bþIRbBn§lk;dI

nigEckR)ak;cMeNjCamYyKña b¤ RbKl;dIeTA[shB½T§mçag kMNt;edaykatBVkic©bg;Bak;

kNþaléntémøRTBüsm,tiþrYmeTA[shB½T§mYyeTot. BMudUecñaHeT dIenaHGacBMuEck ehIyman

kmμsiTi§krBIrnak;. esckþIvinic½äyrbs;tulakarGaceRbI edIm,IEkERbkarcuHbBa¢IkmμsiT§ienA

surieyadI.

3>2>2 siTi §elIesaFnnivtþn_

Rkmrdæb,evNImin)anEcgc,as;las;eTfa etIsiT§ielIesaFnnivtþn_KWCaEpñkmYyénRTBü

sm,tiþrYmEdrb¤eT. siT§ielIesaFnnivtþn_Gacrab;bBa©ÚlsiTi§rbs;Gñkrdækar b¤ nieyaCitÉeTot

dUcCa karTamTarmUlniFiEdlbRmúgTuknaeBlGnaKtBInieyaCk. siT§ielIesaFnnivtþn_ekIt

eLIgkñúgGMLúgGaBah_BiBah_KYrEtcat;TukfaCaRTBüsm,tiþrYm nigEbkEckesμIKña. Etrebob

énkarEbgEckenHy:agem:cminTan;c,as;las;enAeLIy. GnuelameTAtambTbBa¢aesaFn

nivtþn_manEtnieyaCiteTEdlGacTamTarcMnYnmUlniFiesaFnnivtþn_)an. shB½T§TMngCaGac

TamTarsiT§irbs;xøÜn)an luHRtaEtshB½T§mçageTotCanieyakCitTTYl)ansiT§ielImUlniFiesaFn

nivtþn_. bBaðaenHmansarsMxan;cMeBaHRbBn§ BIeRBaHbþIGacmansiT§elImUlniFiesaFnnivtþn_

ehIyRbBn§minskþismTTYlRTBüsm,tiþticCagbþIbnÞab;BIElglHKña edaysarEtR)ak;cMNUl

Tabrbs;RbBn§ nigTMenomTmøab;RbéBNI EdltRmÚv[®sIþRtÚvEteFVIkic©karpÞH.

3>4 Gaharkic©

48

dUcxagelI/ maRta 969.

21

Rkmrdæb,evNIqñaM2007 min)anpþl;mUldæanKtiyutþisRmab;bTbBaØtiþGaharkic©dl;

shB½T§eRkayeBlEdlElglHKñadac;RsLHenaHeT. EtRkmrdæb,evNImanEcgGMBIkatBVkic©

pþl;Gaharkic©eTAdl;jatiEdlrs;enACamYyKña jatielahitExSpÞal; nigbgb¥ÚnbegáIt49

.

mUlehtuénkarxkxanmin)anEcgGMBIcMNucKWminTan;c,as;las;enAeLIIy. c,ab;sþIBIkarGnuvtþ

Rkmrdæb,evNI)anedaHRsaybBaðaenH eday)anEcgfamaRta76 nigmaRta77 énc,ab;sþIBI

GaBah_BiBah_ nigRKÜsar Tak;TinnwgGaharkic©enAEtmansuBlPaB50

. EpñkmYyénmaRta 76

Ecgfa {kñúgkrNIElglHKña PaKIEdlKμankMhus ehIyxVHxat GacesñIsMuGaharkic©BIPaKI

mçageTot)an.}

Tak;TinnwgbBaðavismPaBey:nD½renAkm<úCa vaCaerOgKYr[esaksþaymYyEdl

shB½T§GacTamTarGaharkic©BIshB½T§mçageTot)an luHRtaEtxøÜnBMumankMhus. bBaðaKWsißtenA

Rtg;cMNucfa RbBn§EdlrYcputBIGaBah_BiBah_higSa GacRtÚv)ancat;TukfaCakMhusrbs;BYkeK

]TahrN_ 75 PaKryénRbCaCnExμrTaMgGs;yl;faRbBn§minKYrR)ab;GñkdéTGMBIGMeBIhigSa

kñúgRKÜsarrbs;xøÜneT edIm,IkMumankarEbk)ak;kñúgRKÜsar51

.

eTaHbICatulakarpþl;siT§iTTYl)anGaharkic©eTAdl;shB½T§k¾eday karGnuvtþmankar

Bi)ak edaysarEtPaBGn;exSayénnItirdæenARbeTskm<úCa. kñúgkrNIRTBüsm,tiþ rYmCadIFøI

shB½T§KYrEtesñIsMutulakarEckrMElkdIFøI EdlCaRTBüsm,tiþrYmenHeRcInCaBak;kNþalCMnYs

[Gaharkic©EdlRtÚvpþl;[eTAshB½T§mçageTot. dUcEdl)anBiPakSaBIxagedImmaRta 980

kfaxNÐ 2 énRkmrdæb,evNIGnuBaØat[shB½T§NamçageFIVkarTamTareTAtulakar[pþl;cMENk

énRTBüsm,tiþrYmeRcInCagBak;kNþal edayEp¥kelIR)ak;cMNUl nigsmtßPaBrkcMNUlrbs;

shB½T§TaMgBIr. ]TahrN_ eyageTAtameKalkarN_énmaRtaenH RbBn§GacTamTarCa

49


c,ab;sIþBIkarGnuvtþRkmrdæb,evNI ¬2011¦/ maRta 78 manenAelIeKhTMB½r

www.cambodiainvestment.gov.kh/content/uploads/2012/03/Law-on-Implementation-of-

CC_Eng_FINAL_110531.pdf. 51

The Gap Between Legislation and Practice in Cambodia, kMNt;cMNaMelx 21/ TMB½rTI40.

22

kmμsiT§ikrénRTBüsm,tiþrYm edIm,I[manfvikaRKb;RKan; nigmincaM)ac;BwgBak;elIGaharkic©pþl;

edaybþI.

3>5 GMNacem)a siT§ ieTAsYrsuxTukçkUn nigGaharkic©pþl;[kUn

c,ab;Ecgfa kñúgkrNIElglHKña bþIRbBn§GacseRmcfaPaKImçagNaGacTTYl)ansiTi§

GMNacem)a. RbsinebIKUPaKIminGacÉkPaBKña)an tulakarGaceFVIkarseRmc52

. GMNac

em)arYmbnÞab;BIElglHKña minTan;maneLIyenAkm<úCa RKaEdrRbeTsRbtibtiþRbB½n§c,ab;

sIuvildéTeTotman. cMNucenHmansarsMxan;Nas;cMeBaHPaKIbursCa«Buk EdlPaKeRcIn

minEmnCaGñkEfrkSakUn. kñúgkrNId¾kRmenH smaCiksPakm<úCahak;bIdUcCaKaMRT®sþICamþay.

edIm,Ibn§Úrbnßydl;bBaðaenH c,ab;tRmÚv[GñkEdlmanGMNacem)aRtÚvraykarN_CaRbcaM b¤

BiPakSaCamYy«Buk b¤ mþay EdlBMumanGMNacem)a GMBIcMNucEdlTak;TgnwgkUndUcCa

karGb;rM karpøas;bþÚrTIsMNak; viC¢aCIv³ b¤ GaCIvkmμ skmμPaBBüa)al EdlTak;Tg

dl;GayuCIvitrbs;kUn karcat;EcgRTBüsm,tþisMxan;rbs;kUn nigcMNucsMxan;²epSgeTot53

.

c,ab;k¾pþl;siT§ieTAsYrsuxTukçkUn nigGaharkic©kUneTAdl;«Buk b¤ mþay EdlBMuman

GMNacem)a. CaeKalkarN_ tulakarRsbtamrebobcUlCYbR)aRs½yTak;Tg nigesah‘uy

caM)ac;EdlRtÚvTTYlbnÞúkedIm,IRKb;RKgEfrkSakUn)ankMNt;eday«Bukmþay. y:agNamij

tulakarmansiT§iesrIPaBkñúgkarpøas;bþÚrrebóberóbcMenH54

. qnÞanusiTi§rbs;tulakarGac

eRbIR)as;)an ebItulakarTTYlsÁal;facaM)ac;edIm,IplRbeyaCn_rbs;kUn.

3>6 karcat;EcgrkSakarBar

dMeNIrkarnItivIFIElglHRtÚvkarry³eBlyUredIm,IbBa©b; CaFmμta RtÚvcMNayeBlBI

6Ex dl; 1qñaM55

. edIm,IKaMBarsiT§irbs;shB½T§TaMgsgxagkñúgGMLúgeBlElglHtulakar

52




dMeNIrkarnItIviFIElglHCaTUeTAcMNayeBlyUrCagenHeTA RbsinebImankarEbkEckRTBüsm,tiþ.

23

GaceFVIkarcat;EcgrkSakarBartamBaküsMuBIKUPaKITaMgBIr b¤ edayqnÞanusiTi§rbs;xøÜn)an. kar

cat;EcgrkSakarBarmandUcCa karbMEbklMenA GMNacem)a karRKb;RKgEfrkSaRTBüsm,tiþ

GaharkatBVkic©rbs;shB½T§ karcMNaykñúgRKÜsar esah‘uysRmab;karsikSarbs;kUn

CaGaT×56

. maRtaenHEcgy:agCak;lak; ehIyecARkmGaceFVIkarseRmccitþelIsiT§ieRbIR)as;

eKhdæanedayKUPaKImçag sRmab;eTAsYrsuxTukçkUnCaRbcaM rYmTaMgkarbg;R)ak;Gaharkic©rbs;

kUnRbcaMExeTAshB½T§EdlTTYl)anGMNacem)a. fVIebIc,ab;;min)anEcgc,as;las;BIbBaðaenH

karcat;EcgrkSakarBarGacmansuBlPaB)an enAeBlEdltulakareFVIkarseRmccugeRkay

elIbBaðamYycMnYn CaBiesselIsalRkmElglHKña.

4> GaBah_BiBah_ nigkarElglHEdlKμansuBlPaBtampø Úvc,ab; ;

4>1 GaBah_BiBah_EdlKμansuBltampø Úvc,ab; ;

enAkm<úCa bþIRbBn§CaeRcInKUmin)ancuHsMbuRtGaBah_BiBah_enAkariyal½yGaRtanukUldæan

BIeRBaHBYkeKyl;fanItiviFIcuHbBa¢IGaBah_BiBah_manlkçN³lM)ak. bþIRbBn§PaKeRcInqøgkat;

EtdMNak;kalTImYyénnItiviFIcuHGaBah_BiBah_ KWkardak;BaküsMuc,ab;;GaBah_BiBah_ nigpSayCa

saFarN³Etb:ueNÑaH edaymin)anxVl;xVaycuHsMbuRtGaBah_BiBah_enAsalasgáat;enaHeT57

.

RbCaCnExμrPaKeRcIn CaBiessenAtamCnbT BMudwgGMBIGtßRbeyaCn_énkarcuHsMbuRt

GaBah_BiBah_ EtEbCapþl;témøeRcIneTAelIkarerobkartamRBHBuT§sasna. sRmab;RbCaCn

Exμr karerobkartamRbéBNIbegáIt)anCacMNgGaBah_BiBah_ minEmnkarcuHbBa¢IGRta

nukUldæanenaHeT. bEnßmBIelIkarxVHxatkaryl;dwgEpñkc,ab;;GMBIsarsMxan;énkarcuHsMbuRt

GaBah_BiBah_KWbBaðatémø. fVIebItémøcuHbBa¢ICapøÚvkarenARkúmRbwkSasgáat;éføbMputKW 400

erol ¬ticCag 0/10 duløarshrdæGaemrik¦ mankarraykarN_fa bþIRbBn§mYycMnYn)anbg;

dl;eTA 40/000 erol ¬RbEhl 10 duløarshrdæGaemrik¦58

.

56


sUmemIl UNDP/ kMNt;cMNaMelx 34/ TMB½rTI 80. 58

kMNt;cMNaMBIvKÁsikçasalasþIGMBIsiT§iTTYl)ankarElglHrbs;®sþI erobcMedayCMnYyEpñkc,ab;km<úCa

enARbeTskm<úCa ¬mina 17 2010¦ (on file with author).

24

karxkxanmin)ancuHsMbuRtGaBah_BiBah_bNþal[bþIRbBn§CaeRcInKUmin)anerobGaBah_

BiBah_Rsbtamc,ab;;. minmansißtisIþGMBIcMnYn {GaBah_BiBah_EdlKμansuBlPaBtampøÚvc,ab;;}

enaHeT. eTaHbICamankareCOCak;fabþIRbBn§PaKeRcIn)ancuHsMbuRtGaBah_BiBah_ehIyk¾eday59

bþIRbBn§mYycMnYnminTan;)aneFVIenAeLIy. emFavImYycMnYnniyayfa 20 PaKryénGtifiCn

rbs;BYkeKenAtamCnbT)ancuHsMbuRtGaBah_BiBah_.

karGakxanenHmanplb:HBal;dl;siTi§rbs;®sþI CaBiess®sþICaRbBn§EdlkMBug

BüayamElglH. siTi§rbs;®sþIelIRTBüsm,tiþrYm nigGaharkatBVkic©minGacFana)an

BIeRBaHBYkeKminRtÚv)ancat;TukfaerobGaBah_BiBah_Rsbc,ab;; dUecñH BYkeKminTTYl)ansiTi§Ca

kmμsiTi§krelIRTBüsm,tiþrbs;bþ IEdlminRsbtampø Úvc,ab; ;Edr. elIsBIIenHeTAeTot siT§i

GMNacem)ak¾)at;bg; BIeRBaHbþIminEmnCa«BukRsbc,ab;;rbs;kUnBYkeKeT. ]TahrN_mYycMnYn

nwgelIkeLIg edIm,IbgðajBIPaBF¶n;F¶rénbBaðaenH.

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ehIyBYkeKmankUnBIrnak;.

59

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CMnYyEpñkc,ab;.

25

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TTYlsÁal;61

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edayc,ab;;62

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nigBüayamedaHRsayBIbBaðaenHkalBIqñaM 2013 ³

60


sUmemIlxagelI maRta 1001. 62

sUmemIl UNDP/ kMNt;cMNaMelx 34/ TMB½r 121 nig 181.

26

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63

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RbeTskm<úCa/ kMNt;cMNaMelx 9. 64

World Justice Project Rule of Law Index ¬2014¦/ TMB½rTI 80/ manenAelIeKhTMB½r

http://worldjusticeproject.org/rule -of-law-index. 65

sUmemIlRkmnItiviFIrdæb,evNIénRbeTskm<úCa/ KnßITI 2 ³ nItiviFIénkarCRmHkþIelIkTI 1

¬2006¦/ manenAelIeKhTMB½r http://cambodiabusinesscorner.wordpress.com/2013/01/05/civil-

code-2007/.

27

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eday67

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26569

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66

sUmemIlRkmrdæb,evNI/ maRta 982 ¬2¦/ nigmaRta984. 67

dUcxagelI/ maRta 987. 68

sUmemIl Cambo/ kMNt;cMNaMelx 24/ TMB½rTI 15.

69 S.L.Peters, et al., sresrGtßbTmYyEdlmancMNgeCIgfa Raad voor Rechtsbijstand: Monitor

Gesubsideerde Rechtsbijstand ¬2011¦/ manenAelIeKhTMB½r http://rvr.turnpages.nl/DS/public

/slot00008/pdf/compleet.pdf. 70

sUmemIl http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_country_in_the_world_has_most_lawyers_per_

capita. 71

Christoph Sperfeldt et al., sresrr)aykarN_mYyEdlmancMNgeCIgfa Legal Aid Services in

Cambodia: Report of a Survey Among Legal Aid Providers Cambodian Human Rights Action

28

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)anemFavIpþl;esvasaFarN³ ®sþImñak;enHRtÚvCYlemFavI nigbg;éføcMNayepSgeTotdUcCa

55/000 erol ¬RbEhl 13>75 duløarshrdæGaemrik¦ sRmab;R)ak;Rbdab;kþItulakar

5/000 erol ¬RbEhl 1>25 duløarshrdæGaemrik¦ sRmab;Bn§dak;BaküsMu nig

5/000 erol bEnßmsRmab;esckþIesñIsMueTAtulakarepSg². elIsBIenHeTotKWesah‘uy

eFVIdMeNIreTAtulakartamkaesñIsMuBI 2 eTA 5 dg sRmab;krNIElglH.

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sgáat;Caburs ¬82 PaKry¦72

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.

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KYr[PJak;ep¥IleT Edl®sþIPaKeRcIncg;ElglHmineRCIserIseFVIkarElglHtamtulakar.

CaFmμta RkúmRbwkSaXMusgáat;KWCakEnøgTImYy nigk¾CakEnøgcugeRkaybMputsRmab;shB½T§

cg;eFVI)ankarElglH.

karElglHEdlKμansuBlPaBtampøÚvc,ab;;GacbNþa[manplvi)akF¶n;F¶r.

Committee (CHRAC) ¬viciäka 2010¦/ manenAelIeKhTMB½r http://cambodia.ohchr.org/WebDOCs/

DocProgrammes/CHRAC_Legal_aid_survey_Nov_2012_Eng.pdf. 72

mCÄmNÐlsiT§imnusSkm<úCa/ Joint Press Release on Results of the Commune/Sangkat Council

Elections 2012: Further Efforts Required to Achieve Quantitative and Qualitative Female

Representation in Politic in Cambodia ¬11 kkáda 2012¦manenAelIeKhTMB½r

http://iknowpolitcs.org/en/2012/07/joint-press-release -result-commune-council-election-2012-

further-effortss-required-achieve ¬TajykenAéf¶TI 14 Ex ]sPa qñaM 2014¦. 73

GgÁkareynD½r nigGPivDÄn_ edIm,Ikm<úCa (GAD/C), et al., CSO Report on Cambodian Gender

Issues ¬8 emsa 2009¦/ manenAelIeKhTMB½r http://lib.ohchr.org/HRBodies/UPR

/Documents/Session6/KH/JS4_KHM_UPR_S06_2009_ JointSubmission4.pdf¬TajykenAéf¶TI

14 Ex ]sPa qñaM 2014¦.

29

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ecalRbBn§. BYkeKmin)anTTYlsalRkmElglHBItulakarenaHeT. 20

qñaMeRkaymk bþI)anRtLb;mkvij bnÞab;BI)andwgfaRbBn§EdlxøÜn)ane)aHbg;

køayeTACaGñkCMnYjd¾eCaKC½ymñak; )anesñIsMukarElglH nigTamTarRTBü

sm,tiþBak;kNþalrbs;RbBn§.

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cMnYn74

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sgáat;.

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dIkaElglHBItulakar.

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karElglHenHKμansuBlPaBtampøÚvc,ab;; eRkaymk RbBn§erobkarCafμICamYy

miitþrYmfñak;cas;. BYkeKTaMgBIrnak;min)ancuHbBa¢IGaBah_BiBah_ nigmankUnbYn

nak;.

74

sUmemIlRkmrdæb,evNI/ maRta 980 ¬2¦.

30

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.

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KWkarecjdIkabMEbklMenAbþIRbBn§76

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Adjudication Guideline) karcuHbBa¢IdImanlkçN³CaRbB½n§TTYlsÁal;karElglHEdlKμan

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[mankarbgðaj dIkaElglHBItulakar77

.

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75

sUmemIl id. maRta 988. 76

sUmemIl UNDP, kMNt;cMNaMelx 34/ TMB½rTI 80. 77

sUmemIl Mehrak Mehrvar et al., niBn§GtßbTmYyEdlmancMNgfa Women’s Perspective: A Case

Study of Systematic Land Registration in Cambodia ¬kkáda 2008¦/ TMB½rTI 12/ manenAelIeKh

TMB½r www.kh.boell.org/downloads/CambodianWomensPerspectives_EN.pdf.

31

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GaBah_BiBah_TaMgGs;enAkm<úCa)ancuHbBa¢Ik¾eday RbB½n§tulakarenAkñúgRbeTsmYyenH

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muxgarrbs;RbB½n§ tulakarkm<úCaCYbkarlM)ak edaysarEtmanerOgkþIeRcIneBk xVHsmtßPaB

nigbBaðaBuk rlYy ehIysßankarN_enHGacnwgbnþeTAb:unμanTsSvtSr_xagmuxeTot.

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mYyenHKYrEtBinitüeLIgvij.

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32

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