field survey report on earthquake tsunami disaster of indian ocean field survey report on earthquake...
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Field Survey Report on Earthquake Field Survey Report on Earthquake Tsunami Disaster of Indian OceanTsunami Disaster of Indian Ocean
~ Sri Lanka, Jan.4 - 6, 2005 ~
Dr. T.Tomita, PARI
Prof. Y.Kawata, DPRI, Kyoto Univ.
Prof. F.Imamura, Tohoku Univ.
Dr. T.Arikawa, PARI
Dr. T.Yasuda, DPRI, Kyoto Univ.
Locatgion of Epicenter and BathymetLocatgion of Epicenter and Bathymetry datary data
USGS: U.S. Geological SurveyHav: Harvard Univ.
Historical tsunami occurred in the Historical tsunami occurred in the Indian Ocean Indian Ocean ( Solov'iev and Go, 197
5 )DATE LAT LON M m
1797/ 2/10 0.0°N 99.0°E 8.0 3.0
1833/11/24 2.5°N 100.5°E 8.3 2.5
1843/ 1/ 5 1.5°N 98.0°E 7.3 2.0
1861/ 2/16 1.0°N 97.5°E 8.5 3.0
1907/ 1/ 4 1.5°N 97.0°E 7.5 2.0
2004/12/26 3.316°N 95.854°E 9.0 4.0
Survey LocationsSurvey Locations
Hikkaduwa
WeligamaKoggala
GalleDodanduwa
Ambalangoda
BeruwalaPaiyagala
Pana dulaMoratuwa
Colombo
South-West of Sri Lanka Island
Jan. 4Jan. 4
Jan. 5Jan. 5
Jan. 6Jan. 6
4.93.7-9.33.9-6.04.0
4.1-10.0
4.7
2.4-4.8 6.0
5.63.8-4.4
(2)
Galle BayGalle Bay
At first, the tide ebbed until buoy where the water depth is around 10-12m.Then, tsunami which height was 7m came into the bay.
Cottage owner testified:
BuoyGallePort
Galle PortGalle Port
3.33 2.24
190.0m
3.042.70
1.70
5.28m6.03m
The ship was launched on the quay.
2.61 2.53
68.0m
2.18
4.79mCompletely damaged
Road
Sand on Roof is left
Eastern coastEastern coast from from GaGalllele PPortort (1) (1)
Sand on the roof wasn’t flushed by tsunami
View 1
view 1
2.61
0.63
3.24m Few damage
Road
Eastern coastEastern coast from from GaGalllele PPortort (2) (2)View 2
View 2
Galle FortGalle Fort
Most area was survived.
Galle CentralGalle Central
1.63
32.0m
2.30
3.93m
River
0.9
1.44
24.0m
3.88m
1.62
3.002.26
3.80m
2.36
RoadBridge
3.90m
Dodanduwa (1)Dodanduwa (1)
View 1
View 1
420 fishing boats damaged in this residential area.
Dodanduwa (2)Dodanduwa (2)
previous slide
View 2
View 2
Guide rail was broken
sea
Two persons who rode on the motorcycle were washed away on the bridge by the tsunami.
Akurala (1)Akurala (1)Splashed dead leaf
RoadBeach
Railway
1.97m 1.69m
Washed train
64m
188m0.89m
9.15m
10.04m
228m
The train floated and was washed away.
Akurala (2)Akurala (2)
view 1
view 1
RoadBeach
1.4m
142m
4.38m
0.08m
Ambalangoda (1)Ambalangoda (1)
50m
3.22m
4.72m
Beach
Houses
Road
Ambalangoda (2)Ambalangoda (2)
View 2
Railway
sea
View 1View 1
View 3
View 3
View 2
Estuary
Hikkaduwa Fishery HarbourHikkaduwa Fishery Harbour
Wharf
No damage for the buildings
Tsunami trace on the 2nd floor
65 fishery boats were damaged in the port.
View 1
View 1
7m
4.73m
Beruwala Fishery HarbourBeruwala Fishery Harbour
No damaged facilities
1.0m1.58m
Wharf
6m
2.35m
Harbour entrance is narrow.
Pana duraPana dura
86m
24mRubble moundbreakwaters
Broken roof
Floor of shed is broken by the tsunami lift force.
Shed
Seawall was damaged.
3.34m
5.59m
Houses made by brick or block were collapsed.
Houses made by concrete were less damaged.
Survey results of Tsunami heightSurvey results of Tsunami height
5.0m
GOSL planning of restorationGOSL planning of restoration
0m 100m 300m 1000m
I II IIISea
I. No constructionsII. Only permit constructions (e.g. hotels)III. Construction allowed with the permission of UDA
GOSL also considers 3m elevation contour line.
Tsunami simulation by DRS, DPRITsunami simulation by DRS, DPRIGoverning Equation Linear Shallow Water Theory in Spherical Coordinate SystemSpatial Grid Size 30 arc secondTemporal Grid Size 1.8 sBathymetry Data ETOPO2Computational Domain SE(77°52'E, 10°24'S)-
NW(111°12'E, 22°56'N)Seismic Deformation Yamanaka(2004)Computed Time 6 hrs
Fault Parameter (Yamanaka, 2004)N E Strike Slip2.5° 95.25° 330° 90°L W560 km 150 km
Depth17.387 km
Dip8°
Dislocation13.9 m
Calculated Calculated Tsunami Tsunami waveformwaveform
1.0m
1.5mOutput points
Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!
I'd like to send my deepest condolences to all victims.