field fortification

7/30/2019 Field Fortification

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1Let Us Try

OBC-BB-01-26

Directorate of Common Leader Training

Fort Leonard Wood, MO 65473

FIELD FORTIFCATIONS


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PELELIEU


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LEARNING OBJECTIVE

ACTION: DESCRIBE THE VARIOUS FIELD

FORTIFICATIONS AND THEIR PURPOSE

CONDITION: GIVEN CLASSROOM INSTRUCTION AND

THE FOLLOWING REFERENCES:

FM 5-103 SURVIVABILITY

FM 5-34 ENGINEER FIELD DATA

STANDARDS: ACHIEVE A MINIMUM OF 70% ON THE

COMMON TACTICS EXAMINATION.

SAFETY: NO MAJOR CONSIDERATIONS.

ENVIRONMENTAL: NONE.

RISK ASSESSMENT: LOW.


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AGENDA

THE THREAT

SURVIVABILITY DOCTRINE

FIELD FORTIFICATIONSINFANTRY

MECHANIZED/ ARMOR

COMBAT SUPPORT/SERVICE SUPPORT PROTECTIVE OBSTACLES

PLANNING


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THE THREAT

DIRECT FIRE WEAPONS

INDIRECT FIRE WEAPONS

WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION(WMD)

ENGINEER ROLE

ASSIST IN MAJOR SURVIVABILITY TASKSBEYOND UNIT CAPABILITIES


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DIRECT FIRE WEAPONS

BMP-3

T-90

AT-5

BALL AND TRACERAP/API

HIGH EXPLOSIVE


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INDIRECT FIRE WEAPONS

SP FA

MLRSMIG 21

BLASTFRAGMENTATION

SPECIAL MUNITIONS

MTR


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WEAPONS OF MASS

DESTRUCTION

BLASTTHERMAL RADIATION

NUCLEAR RADIATION

EMP

BIOLOGICAL

CHEMICAL


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SURVIVABILITY

OPERATIONS THE DEVELOPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION

OF PROTECTIVE POSITIONS SUCH AS EARTH

BERMS, DUG-IN POSITIONS, OVERHEAD

PROTECTION, AND COUNTER-SURVEILLANCE

MEANS TO REDUCE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF

ENEMY WEAPONS SYSTEMS

FM 101-5-1


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1. MANEUVER UNITS HAVE PRIMARYRESPONSIBILITY TO DEVELOP, POSITION AND

BEGIN BUILDING THEIR OWN POSITIONS.

2. THE ENGINEERS ULTIMATE ROLE INSURVIVABILITY IS SET BY THE MANEUVER

COMMANDER CONTROLLING ENGINEER

RESOURCES.

3. BASED ON THESE RESOURCES, ENGINEER

SUPPORT WILL SUPPLEMENT UNITS AS

DETERMINED BY THE SUPPORTED COMMANDERS

PRIORITIES.


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5. SURVIVABILITY MEASURES BEGIN WITH USING

ALL AVAILABLE CONCEALMENT AND NATURAL

COVER, FOLLOWED BY DIGGING AND

CONSTRUCTING FIGHTING AND PROTECTIVEPOSITIONS. AS TIME AND THE TACTICAL SITUATION

PERMIT, THESE POSITIONS ARE IMPROVED.

4. ENGINEER SUPPORT WILL CONCENTRATE ONMISSIONS REQUIRING UNIQUE ENGINEER SKILLS

OR EQUIPMENT.


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D7G DOZER

DOZING, GRADING AND DITCHING

NO CHEMICAL /B IOLOGICAL PROTECTION

HIGHJER WORK OUTPUT THAN ACE

HEAVY UNITS


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M9 Armored Combat EarthmoverTWO SPEED WINCH

DOZING, GRADING AND DITCHING

SMOKE SCREEN CAPAB ILITIES

CHEMICAL /BIOLOGICAL PROTECTION

ROAD SPEED: 30MPH

AIR TRANSPORTABLE


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Small Emplacement Excavator (SEE)

LIGHTWEIGHT, ALL WHEEL DRIVE

HIGH MOBILITY VEHICLE

INDIVIDUAL POSITION, CSW AND CPs

ROAD SPEED: 40MPH

LIMITED OFF ROAD CAPABILITIES

AIR TRANSPORTAB LE


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TYPES OF FIELD

FORTIFICATIONS


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FIELD FORTIFICATIONS

(DISMOUNTED) INFANTRY

TF REQUIREMENTS

INDIVIDUAL

RIFLEMAN LAW

CREW SERVED

DRAGON/JAVELIN

TOW

M60/50 CAL MG

MORTAR

COMMAND POST

INDIVIDUAL FIGHTING


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INDIVIDUAL FIGHTING

POSITIONS

HASTY POSITIONS

DELIBERATE POSITIONS


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HASTY INDIVIDUAL

FIGHTING POSITIONS

CRATER

SKIRMISHER

TRENCH

PRONE POSITION

Type of PositionEst. Construction Time

w/hand tools (hrs)

Nuclear

WeaponsHasty

Crater 0.2 Fair

Skirmisher's trench 0.5 Fair

Prone Position 1 Fair

Deliberate

1-soldier 3 Fair

1-soldier with1.5 ft

overhead cover8 Good

2-soldier 6 Fair

2-soldier with 1.5 ft

overhead cover11 Good

LAW position 3 Fair

REF:

FM 5-103 CH 4

24 or less

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Body Length


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DELIBERATE INDIVIDUAL

FIGHTING POSITIONS

ONE/TWO SOLDIER WITH OHC

AT-4 (BACKBLAST)

TWO SOLDIER POSITION

WITH OVERHEAD COVER

PHASE I

PHASE II

PHASE III


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TWO MAN FIGHTING

POSITION

ARMPIT DEPTH

6 FT2 FT

GRENADE SUMPS

12

3

12-18

PARAPET OR

NATURAL COVER


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CREW SERVED WEAPONS (CSW)

FIGHTING POSITIONS


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BACKBLASTTOW:

Danger-150 ft

Caution-250 ft

DRAGON:Danger-100 ft

Caution-170 ft

AT-4:Danger-50 ft

Caution-135 ft


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MORTAR


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MORTAR

Mortar Position

Type of Position Est. Construction Timew/hand tools (hrs)

NuclearWeapons

Dragon 4.0 Fair

Dismounted TOW 11.0 Fair

90 mm RCLR 6.0 Fair

Machine Gun 7.0 Fair

Mortar Position 14.0 Fair

Ref: FM 5-103 Ch 4

120 MM


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MORTAR81 MM

3FT

6-8 FT

3FT

HASTY POSITION

IMPROVED POSITION


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OVERHEAD COVER (OHC)

OVERHEAD BURST

CONTACT BURST

DELAY FUZE

Shielding min 1.5 ft soilShielding support

Cover Structure

Waterproofing

Camouflage

FM 5-103, PG 4-8


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OVERHEAD COVER

Cut

Stringers

Plywood

Soil/Sandbags/Rock

Waterproofing


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PRIMARY POSITIONS

ALTERNATE POSITIONS

SUPPLEMENTARY POSITIONS


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PRIMARY POSITIONS

Primary - This is the position that the maneuver

commander gives a platoon to defend and assigns a

sector of fire. Sectors should overlap and contribute to

the accomplishment of the companys task and purpose.


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ALTERNATE POSITIONS

Alternate - The maneuver commander may assign alternate

positions to platoons. These may be to the flank, rear orfront of the primary position, but will cover the same sector of

fire. Purpose may to be a fall back position or a position to

occupy prior to the fight to deceive the enemy.


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SUPPLEMENTARY POSITIONS

Supplementary - The maneuver commander may also

assign supplementary positions. This is a position to theflank or rear, that has a different sector of fire. It can be

assigned when the platoon must cover two different avenues

of approach.


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SPECIAL FORTIFICATIONS

BUNKER SRONGPOINT

MAGINOT LINE

TUNNEL COMPLEX


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TUNNEL COMPLEX

TUNNEL COMPLEX

LIBYAN TARUNAH

CHEMICAL WARFARE


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SPECIAL DESIGN

Perimeter Fighting Position

STATIC COMPLEX

BASE CLUSTER

360 DEGREES CAPABILITIES


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SPECIAL DESIGNS

Plywood Watch

TowerSTATIC COMPLEX

BASE CAMPS

MAXIMIZE OBSERVATION


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SPECIAL DESIGNS

CONEX Bunker

PROTECTION SHELTER

COMMAND POST

AID STATION

COMMUNICATIONS


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METAL

PIPEARCH

SHELTER

PROTECTION SHELTER

PERSONNEL

SUPPLIES

EASY CONSTRUCTION

HESCO BASTION


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HESCO BASTION

CONCERTAINER DEFENSE

WALL

FOLDED LIGHTWEIGHT UNITS

UP TO 100 FEET (EA)

3 PERSONNEL

MECHANIZED/ARMOR


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MECHANIZED/ARMOR

FIGHTING POSITIONS

HASTY (APC AND CBT SP)DELIBERATE

HULL DEFILADE (HDP)

TURRET DEFILADE (TDP)

HASTY

Max use of natural terrain

Frontal parapet

Not recommended for M1/M2/TOW


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DELIBERATE

POSITIONS

(HDP/TDP)



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CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE

1. Construct Hull Defilade Position (Engineer)

2. Construct concealed access ramp or route (natural terrain)

3. Construct hide location (natural terrain)

4. Construct Turret Defilade Position (Engineer)

FM 5-103, PG 4-14


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DELIBERATE

VEHICLE

FIGHTING

POSITION

Hull Defilade Turret Defilade

Hide Location

Access Ramps


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MODIFIED TDP

MINE TAPE

CHEM LITES

COMBAT SUPPORT/SERVICE


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COMBAT SUPPORT/SERVICE

SUPPORT

Deep-cut

PositionParapet position

for FA/ADA

VEHICLE

PROTECTIVE POSITIONS


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PROTECTIVE OBSTACLES


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XXX

XXX

XXX

TYPES

WIRE OBSTACLES

PROTECTIVE MINEFIELDS

POINT MINEFIELDS

DUMMY POSITIONS

BANDS

HY WEAPON (301-500M)

LIGHT WPN (31-300 M)

PERIMETER (0-30M)

INTERNAL


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EXPOSURE TO FIRES

VULNERABILITY TO

DISCOVERY

CAPABILITY TO MOVE

TO AVOID DETECTION

SUITABLE COVER

DISTANCE FROM THE

FLOT

CONTRIBUTION TO MSN

PLANNING PRIORITIES

FM 5-103, PG 2-6


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COMMANDERS GUIDANCE

ALWAYS TAKES PRECEDENCE

,

STRONG POINT FM101-5-1


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STRONG POINT

A POSITION REQUIRING EXTENSIVE

ENGINEER EFFORT FOR OBSTACLES ANDSURVIVABILITY POSITIONS AND POSITIONED

TO CONTROL OR BLOCK AN AVENUE OF

APPROACH. NORMALLY, COMMAND AND

CONTROL, AID STATIONS AND CRITICAL

SUPPLY STOCKPILES WILL BE DUG IN WITH

OVERHEAD PROTECTION. TRENCHES AND

OTHER PROTECTIVE CONSTRUCTION WILLBE DONE TO PROTECT SOLDIERS AND

WEAPONS FROM DAMAGE DURING ASSAULT

FROM MOUNTED AND DISMOUNTED FORCES

FM101 5 1


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SUMMARY

THE THREATSURVIVABILITY DOCTRINE

FIELD FORTIFICATIONS

INFANTRY

MECHANIZED/ ARMOR

COMBAT SUPORT/SERVICE

SUPPORT


PLANNING

DCLTWILLIAM R YOUNG


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DCLT

Ft. Leonard Wood, MO 65473

Work Phone: (573) 563-5577

WILLIAM R. YOUNG

CPT, EN

INSTRUCTOR


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VEHICLE

FIGHTING

POSITIONS

NTC TRAINING

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