Felecia Barrett

Jessica Pierre

Carl Robertson

Professor D’Agostino

BLS 150

Hostos Community College

Fall 2011

Case Control Study On Adolescent Pregnancy

Introduction

United States has the highest adolescent pregnancy rate.1/3 of adolescents get pregnant before age 20.750,000 adolescents get pregnant annually8 in 10 pregnancies are unintended.81% are unmarried.Jessica Pierre

Introduction

Adolescent pregnancy is relevant to our community because it is an epidemic and affects society as a whole.Adolescents are sought upon in communities as too young to make certain decisions.When these situations arise it takes twice the work to make the best of it.Requires extra work from all members of the community and although it may not directly impact each person in that community but has a long term effect on society.

Felecia Barrett

WHAT IS ADOLESCENT PREGANANCY?Adolescent is a juvenile between the onset of puberty and maturity.Pregnancy is the state of being pregnant, the period that a female carries a developing fetus from conception to birth.Adolescent pregnancy is when a girl between the ages of 13- 19 become pregnant.Felecia Barrett

MECHANISM OF ADOLESCENT PREGNANCYPuberty beginning at an early ageLow self esteemLimited educationLow community incomeSexual pressure from peersSingle parent familiesLack of parental supervisionProduct of a teenage pregnancyHaving an older spouseEngages in alcohol and drug abuseSchool dropoutCarl Robertson

Symptoms

Missed PeriodBreast enlargement and breast tendernessFatigueNausea/ Vomiting/Excess SalivaFrequent UrinationLight-headedness or actual faintingAbdominal distentionJessica Pierre

Treatment

Prenatal CareAdequate nutritionSex EducationPreventive EducationParenting Education

Felecia B

Felecia Barrett

Risk FACTOR 1: Economic DisadvantageMECHANISM:Single Parent HouseholdHousehold IncomeLack of communication between child and parent(s)Unavailability of contraceptives due to social and economic reasonsProstitutionCarl

Risk Factor 2: Sex Education MECHANISM:Limited educationLack of community coordinated programs for youthAbstinence only programs have no significant effect on reducing pregnancySex education programs significantly reduce adolescent pregnancyJessica

RISK FACTOR 3: Single/Teen Parent

MECHANISM:Children raised in broken homes are more likely to continue the patternAlthough not socially accepted can be looked upon in certain homes as a normThese parents usually don’t have enough time to interact with teens and prevent pregnancyFelecia Barrett

Felecia B

Adolescent Pregnancy Rate

ADOLESCENT Pregnancy

Literature Review: TEEN/Single ParentsRisk Factors of Teenage , Maria Sieuttou

Recent studies show that culture plays a major role.Main factors contributing to the incidence of teenage pregnancy are socioeconomic and related to cultural backgrounds.

Felecia B

Literature Review: SEX EDUCATION

Abstinence-Only and Comprehensive Sex Education and the Initiation of Sexual Activity and Teen Pregnancy (Kholer, Pamela K., et al.)Examined the correlation between abstinence only programs and pregnancy.Examined the correlation between sex education programs and pregnancy.Conclusion: Abstinence only programs did not reduce the risk of pregnancy but sex education programs did reduce the risk.

Literature Review: Economic disadvantageVital Signs: Teen Pregnancy (Pazol K. et al.)Pregnancy remains high among blacks and HispanicsTeenage pregnancy has declined with other races

HypothesisEconomic disadvantage, sex education, and single/teen parent homes are risk factors for adolescent pregnancyMechanisms Summarized:Unavailability of contraceptives and low household incomes increase risk of pregnancy.Sex education programs decrease the risk of pregnancy.Children raised in broken homes increase the risk of pregnancy.

Bibliography

Sawhill, Isabel and Thomas, Adam. “An ounce of prevention: Policy prescriptions to reduce the prevalence of fragile familiesPamela, Kohler K. Lisa Manhart E. et al. “Abstinence-Only programs and Comprehensive sex education and the Initiation of sexual activity and Teen Pregnancy.” Journal of Adolescent Health (2008) 344-351Brent C. Miller and Brad Benson “Family Relationships and Adolescent Pregnancy Risk: A research synthesis.” Academic Press (2001)Eugenbein DS, Felice ME “JenkinsRR Medline Plus.”Pazol K, Warner, L PH.D caloghon “Vital Signs: Teenage Pregancy” Department of Health and Human resources (2009)Siettou, Maria “Risk Factors of Teenage pregnancy”