FDR and the Shadow of FDR and the Shadow of WarWar

TotalitarianismTotalitarianism

A political system in which the A political system in which the government exercises complete government exercises complete control over its citizencontrol over its citizen’’s livess lives

FascismFascism

Advocates a strong, centralized, Advocates a strong, centralized, nationalistic government headed nationalistic government headed by a dictatorby a dictator

NazismNazism

Based on extreme nationalism, Based on extreme nationalism, racism, and militaristic racism, and militaristic expansionism-that Adolf Hitler expansionism-that Adolf Hitler put into practice in Germanyput into practice in Germany

AppeasementAppeasement

Satisfying the demands of an Satisfying the demands of an aggressor nation in order to aggressor nation in order to avoid waravoid war

IsolationIsolation

By 1934 U.S. still trying maintain By 1934 U.S. still trying maintain isolationisolation

U.S. agrees to gradually give U.S. agrees to gradually give Philippines their independencePhilippines their independence

U.S. recognizes the Soviet Union U.S. recognizes the Soviet Union in hopes of opening trade and in hopes of opening trade and scaring Japan scaring Japan

Good Neighbor PolicyGood Neighbor Policy

U.S. scared of fascism and U.S. scared of fascism and socialism creeping into Latin socialism creeping into Latin AmericaAmerica

FDR renounced U.S. military action FDR renounced U.S. military action to control Latin American countriesto control Latin American countries

U.S. image improves image in L.A.U.S. image improves image in L.A.

Adolf HitlerAdolf Hitler

Took advantage Took advantage of resentment of of resentment of losing WWI and losing WWI and Treaty of Treaty of VersaillesVersailles

Calls the new Calls the new German empire German empire the Third Reichthe Third Reich

Joseph StalinJoseph Stalin

Communist Communist leader who leader who transformed transformed the Soviet the Soviet Union into an Union into an industrial giantindustrial giant

Benito MussoliniBenito Mussolini

Fascist leader Fascist leader who made Italy who made Italy a world a world economic powereconomic power

Munich PactMunich Pact

Hitler wants more territory and Hitler wants more territory and invades Czechoslovakia invades Czechoslovakia

Great Britain and France allows Great Britain and France allows Hitler to retain part of Hitler to retain part of CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia

Hitler promises not to take Hitler promises not to take anymore landanymore land

Munich PactMunich Pact

Hailed as an example of avoiding Hailed as an example of avoiding war and creating peacewar and creating peace

Really an example of Really an example of appeasementappeasement

EthiopiaEthiopia

Mussolini invades Ethiopia in 1935Mussolini invades Ethiopia in 1935 League of Nations imposes League of Nations imposes

economic sanctions, but were economic sanctions, but were ignoredignored

Germany supports ItalyGermany supports Italy League of Nations proves League of Nations proves

powerlesspowerless

Nye CommitteeNye Committee

Formed to investigate whether or Formed to investigate whether or not major corporations pushed not major corporations pushed America into WWI in order to raise America into WWI in order to raise profitsprofits

Found not to be true but the press Found not to be true but the press took it and ran with the storytook it and ran with the story

Furthered American isolationFurthered American isolation

Neutrality ActsNeutrality Acts

1935-37 laws enacted to prevent 1935-37 laws enacted to prevent U.S. arms sales and loans to U.S. arms sales and loans to nations at warnations at war

Spanish Civil WarSpanish Civil War

Francisco Franco led a rebellion Francisco Franco led a rebellion against the U.S. backed against the U.S. backed governmentgovernment

Aided by Nazi Germany Spain fell Aided by Nazi Germany Spain fell to fascism while America stood to fascism while America stood by and watchedby and watched

Quarantine SpeechQuarantine Speech

1937, after Japan invaded China 1937, after Japan invaded China Roosevelt condemns aggressor Roosevelt condemns aggressor

nationsnations Calls for nations to isolate Calls for nations to isolate

aggressive nations in order to aggressive nations in order to protect democracyprotect democracy

Non-Aggression PactNon-Aggression Pact

Signed between Hitler and StalinSigned between Hitler and Stalin Stated that Germany and Soviet Stated that Germany and Soviet

Union would not attack each Union would not attack each otherother

Hitler violates pact in 1941 when Hitler violates pact in 1941 when Germany invades the Soviet Germany invades the Soviet UnionUnion

PolandPoland

1939, Germany violates Munich 1939, Germany violates Munich Pact and invades PolandPact and invades Poland

World War II has now begunWorld War II has now begun

In the BeginningIn the Beginning

Germany uses Germany uses blitzkriegblitzkrieg, lightning , lightning war, against European foeswar, against European foes

France falls in 1940 and Germany France falls in 1940 and Germany looks unstoppablelooks unstoppable

Battle of BritainBattle of Britain

Hitler decides to try and invade Great Hitler decides to try and invade Great BritainBritain

Germans use continuous bombings of Germans use continuous bombings of London for 57days London for 57days

British were able to fight off Germany British were able to fight off Germany and be safe from invasionand be safe from invasion

Roosevelt Breaks TraditionRoosevelt Breaks Tradition

1940, FDR breaks tradition after his 1940, FDR breaks tradition after his second term as president to run for a second term as president to run for a third term as President of the U.S.third term as President of the U.S.

Lend-Lease ActLend-Lease Act

1941, law that allowed the U.S. to 1941, law that allowed the U.S. to ship arms and other supplies, without ship arms and other supplies, without immediate payment, to nations immediate payment, to nations fighting the Axis Powersfighting the Axis Powers

The Atlantic CharterThe Atlantic Charter

1941, a declaration of principles in 1941, a declaration of principles in which the U.S. and Great Britain set which the U.S. and Great Britain set forth their goals opposing the Axis forth their goals opposing the Axis PowersPowers

RooseveltRoosevelt’’s Four Freedomss Four Freedoms

Freedom from fearFreedom from fear Freedom from want Freedom from want Freedom of religionFreedom of religion Freedom of speechFreedom of speech

Became the guideline for US foreign Became the guideline for US foreign policypolicy

December 7, 1941 Japan attacks the December 7, 1941 Japan attacks the U.S. Navy base at Pearl HarborU.S. Navy base at Pearl Harbor