FARM TRAINEE PROGRAMOto Doroghazi at Dave Linstad Farm, ND (USA) by CAEP

Program description

Completed Training Plan Skills Cards

• Host: Dave Linstad Farm, Adams, ND, United States.

• The goal of the training program is to increase the knowledge and skill level of the trainee in the field of crop production.

• Crops - Crop Introduction;• Crops - Crop Operation;• Crops - Crop Planting;• Crops - Crop Harvest;• Crops - Courses

Program description• Experience Highlights

• Crops - Crop Introduction • Equipment Safety• Introduction to Operation

• Crops - Crop Operations • Building Maintenance • Fertilizing• Grain Storage Facilities • Machinery Repair and Maintenance• Operation of Semi-trailer trucks• Tractor Operation

• Crops - Crop Planting • Land Preparation

• Crops - Crop Harvest • Crop Harvest• Fall Tillage• Loading Crops

• Crops - Courses

Additional experiences and knowledge

• Crops – Study program• Farm organization

• Agroecological conditions• Field scouting and monitoring• Farm crop production planning

• Harvest Logistics• Harvest logistic plan and projecting

• Precision Agriculture• Alabama state online course• Work with GPS• Big Iron Farm Show, Fargo (ND)

• NDSU Research Extension Service Clinics• Field crop trials• Annual Field day Carrington, Langdon, Park River (ND)

• Combine Clinic Michigan• Future harvest, Michigan (ND)

Equipment safety

• “Everybody knows how to drive a tractor, but you need to know how to operate with it!”• Equipment safety;• Safe operation;• Recognize the problem fast and

solve it;• Do quality work, not just quantity.

Figure 01. Rock in the soil.

Figure 02. Tractor instrumental panel.

Equipment maintenance

• Before starting an equipment, make sure the machinery is ready to start.• Check the fuel, oil and cooling water

level;• Check the machinery (belts, chains,

tires, bearings, header);• Clean the machinery, and grease it.

Figure 03. Compressor and fuel tank.

Figure 04. Combine maintenance.

Introduction to operations

• It is essential to be properly introduced to the machinery and how to operate it:• Know their power;• Know their ability;• Know their purpose;• Quality of their job.

Figure 05. JD 8870 with harrow.

Figure 07. JD 9500 with airseeder.

Figure 06. Alice Chalmers 8090 with rock-picker.

Ecological conditions in Adams• Soil

• The parent material in North Dakota is the result of the glacial age, the large particles are still visible on the top of soil.

Figure 08. Soil texture with small rocks.

Figure 09. Soil texture with big rocks.

Ecological conditions in Adams

• Climate is typical of a continental climate with cold winters and hot summers. Each of the four seasons has its own distinct characteristics.

• The vegetation period is short with late spring frosts and early autumn frosts.

Figure 10. Average temperature (oF) and precipitation (inches) by months in Adams ND (USA)

Land preparation

• Before the spring field preparation• Important to reduce the

possibility of equipment damage (rock picking, groud leveling)

Figure 12. Rock picker.Figure 11. Big rock picker.

Figure 10. Loader tractor.

Farming technology – Crop nutrient managemnet (fertilization)• Crop nutrient management

• Winter fertilization;• Top dressing;• Preplant fertilization.

• The selfpropeld fertilizers • Adventage

• Mobility;• Productivity;• Precizity.

• Disadventage• Cost

• They are well prepared for site specific nutrient management (Precision Agriculture)

Figure 14. Self-propelled fertilizer spreader.

Figure 13.

Farming technology – Crop protection (spraying)

• In season spraying• Weeds;• Diseases;• Pests.

• The high clearance sprayers are good in any crop protection,• Advantage

• High clearance (corn, sunflower)• Productivity

• Disadvantage• Price

• Water trailer• 4500 gallon water capacity• Pesticide mixture tank Figure 16. Self-propelled crop sprayer.

Figure 15. Water and mixture tank.

Farming technology - Automatic machine guidance (GPS, VRT, ASC)

• The farm with GPS technology• Higher productivity• Lower costs of operations• More precize • Higher quality

• Variable Rate Technology• Automatic Section Controll• Site Specific Crop Management• Yield Maps• Field Nutrient Maps

Figure 17. GPS guidance (GreenStar II).

Figure 18. GPS guidance (OmniStar).

• Advantage:• Faster• Cheaper

• Disadvantage:• Soil conditions (wet ground)

Figure 20. Semi truck.

Figure 19. Semi (dumper) trucks.

Farming technology – Crop hauling (transport)

• Canola harvest in two phases• Productivity• Quality• Yield

Figure 22. Canola harvest (pick-up header).

Figure 21. Swatter.

Farming technology – Crop harvesting (Canola)

• The usage of graincarts have many benefits:• Increase the harvest

productivity;• Decrease the combines unload

time. Figure 23. Combines (pick-up headers).

Figure 25.Wheat harvest and graincart.

Figure 26. Air blower header.

Figure 24. Loading the trucks.

Farming technology – Crop harvesting (canola, wheat, soybeans)

• Grain storage at farm• Better price• Costs• Risk

Figure 28. Loading the storage bins (canola).

Figure 27. Loading the storage bins (wheat).

Farming technology – Grain storage (loading crops)

• Harrowing• Enables the good quality of the next operation

(chizelplowing)• Disking

Figure 29. Harrowing.

Figure 31. Disc.Figure 30.Harrow.

Farming technology – Fall tillage (harrowing, discing)

• Chizelplowing• Advantage:

• Big productivity• Reduced field operations (conversational and

minimum tillage)• Disadvantage:

• Does not turn and cover the crop remains.

Figure 32. Chizelplow

Figure 33. Chizelplow shovels

Farming technology – Fall tillage (chizelplowing)

• Depends on the• Tillage depth• Shovels• Crop remains

• Crop variety• Product mass• Combine spreader

• Speed• Soil moisture• Chizelplow settings

Figure 34. Wheat fall tillage (chizelplow).

Farming technology – Fall tillage (quality - wheat)

• Depends on the• Tillage depth• Shovels• Crop remains

• Crop variety• Product mass• Combine spreader

• Speed• Soil moisture• Chizelplow settings

Figure 35. Wheat fall tillage (chizelplow).

Farming technology – Fall tillage (quality - wheat)

• Depends on the• Tillage depth• Shovels• Crop remains

• Crop variety• Product mass• Combine spreader

• Speed• Soil moisture• Chizelplow settings

Figure 36. Soybean fall tillage (chizelplow).

Farming technology – Fall tillage (quality - soybeans)

Field monitoring and scouting

• To insure the highest yield possible and the best quality of the crop. You need to scout your fields constantly• Check them for diseases• Check them for weeds• Check them for pests• Check their growth and development stage• Check the soil moisture• Check the crop general look

Figure 37. Crop scouting.

Crop scouting

• Early fall frost• Damage on the soybean plants

Figure 38. Frost damage on soybeans.

Crop scouting

• Weeds• Wheat development• Wheat tillering• Canolla

• Effect of salts on the canola gorwth• Wheat

• Effect of salts on wheaat growth

Figure 39. Salt effect on wheat plant growth.

• Wheat field scouting:• Weed scouting• Plant growth scouting

Figure 42. Wheat field.

Figure 40. Weed.

Figure 41. Wheat plant growth.

Figure 43. Wheat plant growth.

Crop scouting

• Canola field scouting• Plant growth• Salinity

Figure 44. Salt effect on canola plant growth

Crop scouting

• Field scouting• Developmental stages

Figure 54. Canola field.

Figure 56. Wheat field.

Figure 53. Canola trials.

Figure 55. Wheat trials.

Crop scouting

Crop scouting

• Salts on the top of soil• Effect on the wheat growth• Effect on the canola growth

Field Trials

• Always check:• Current trends in agriculture

for your and wider area:• Variety trials;• Pesticide applications;• Technology improvements.

Figure 46. Soybean trials

Figure 48. Herbicide trialsFigure 47. Soybean trials

Figure 45. Spring wheat trials

Annual Field Day Carrington, Langdon, Park River ND

• Always check:• Current trends in agriculture

for your and wider area:• Variety trials;• Pesticide applications;• Technology improvements. Figure 49. Wheat trials

Figure 50. Drons

Figure 52. Agricultural dronsFigure 51. Water drainage

Big Iron Farm Show (Fargo, ND)

• Always check:• Current trends in agriculture

for your and wider area:• Variety trials;• Pesticide applications;• Technology improvements. Figure 57. Ranger.

Figure 58.Flex combine header.

Figure 60. Tractor.Figure 59. Airseader.

Michigan Combine Clinic• Always check:

• Current trends in agriculture for your and wider area:• Variety trials;• Pesticide applications;• Technology improvements.

Figure 61. GPS harvest simulation

Figure 62. Combines and graincarts

The program certification