farkas swic 08 presentation3

7/30/2019 Farkas SWIC 08 Presentation3

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SUPPORTING THE RESEARCH ANDEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES ON

RENEWABLES

SWIC 2008

Solar and Wind International ConferenceJuly 28-30, 2008

ICPE-Agigea Test Site Facility, Romania

Prof. I. Farkas

E-mail: [email protected]

Department ofPhysics and

Process Control

INSTITUTE FORENVIRONMENTAL

SYSTEMS

FACULTY OFMECHANICALENGINEERING

SZENT ISTVNUNIVERSITY

Gdll, Pter K. u. 1. H-2103Hungary

Tel: +36 28 522055Fax: +36 28 410804

[email protected]://fft.szie.hu


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C O N T E N T S

Introduction

Intelligent energy for Europe

Energy activity of EU FP programme

Projects performed

US government support

International Solar Energy Society

Conclusions


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Global energy consumption

The global energy consumption of the world has increasedin a great extent in the last decades which continues for thenear future as well. I n the last 30 years the primari ly energydemand has roughly doubledreaching 10000 MTOE/year.

The recent yearly increase is around 4%.

In connection to this fact, it is sufficiently enough to reflectthe development of countries like China and India. The

yearly increase of energy demand in China is above 15%.

Even in case of a pessimistic projection rate theworldsrecent global energy demand could easi ly tr ipled by 2050.


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The major energy sectors

The major sectors of the energy use are electr ical power,transportation, heating, cooling, etc.

Relatively, the increase ofelectr icity demand is the highest.

Nowadays, the coal is the largest sector for electricitygeneration, and consequently i t is responsible for about 40%of all CO2emissions.


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World primary energy demand

World Energy Outlook, 2004, IEA


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World electricity production by fuel

IEA Renewables informations, 2005


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World oil production vs time

Balett, 2002


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Use of renewables

The renewables are getting more and more cost competi tive

and replacing the fossil resources.

Their recent share is only about 14% in the worlds totalprimary energy supply.

The biomass provides the highest rate of renewables which isabout 80%. Because of its inefficient conversion technology, itcould supply only 20% of its potentials.

The share of renewable resources for direct electricitygeneration is a bit higher (18%).

At the moment, the hydroelectric power provides almost90% of this value.


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Future share of renewables

According to the recently available measurable projectionsthe renewable energy resources may reach the 50%contr ibution by 2050. That could provide a reasonable energymix between the conventional and the clean energyresources.

The highest contr ibution ratesare to be expected for thefollowing technologies, as:

wind power photovoltaics ethanol turbines concentrated solar thermals


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Intelligent energy for Europe (2/6)

The objective of the IEE Programme is going to contribute to

secure, sustainable and competitively priced energy for Europe,by providing for actions:

to foster energy efficiency and the rational use of energy

resources to promote new and renewable energy sources and to

support energy diversification

to promote energy efficiency and the use of new andrenewable energy sources in transport


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The Programme has become the main Communityinstrument to tackle non-technological barriers to the spreadof efficient use of energy and greater use of new and

renewable energy sources.

From 2007, IEE has been included in the overallCompetitiveness and I nnovation Framework Programme(CIP)

in order to contribute to achieving the objectives of EUenergy policy and to implementing the L isbon Agenda.


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In 2008 some 45 mill ion Euro is availablesupporting theproject within IEE up to 75% of eligible costs.

It is mainly funded the capacity building, spreading ofknow-how, skills and methods, exchange of experience,

development of market, policy input, raising awareness,

education and training.


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The main conditionsof the applications are as follows:

3 partners from different eligible countries

3 years maximum funding period

average budget is between 05-2.5 million Euro, especiallyfor staff cost.

Hardware investments, demonstration and technical R&D projectsare not fundedwithin the IEE.


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Energy activity of EU FP programme (6/6)

The practical figuresof the FP7-ENERGY-2008-TREN-1 callare as follows:

the total budget is 147 million Euros

specific feature of the call is cooperation final deadline of the application is October 8, 2008.

The FP7-ENERGY work programme will be updated onannual basis, the next call is expected in 2009.


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Within the FP7-ENERGY-2008-TREN-1 call the activityarea of Energy the renewable electricity generationhas gotmain emphasis.

It covers research, development and demonstration ofintegrated technologies for electricity production fromrenewables.

It should suit to regional conditions where sufficienteconomic and technical potentialsare available.


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The final target of such research should yield to increasethe overall conversion efficiencyand the cost eff iciency, aswell.

Within the project strong emphasiswill be given on thephotovoltaics, wind and biomass.

Additionally, it supports also geothermal, solar thermalpower, i.e. concentrating solar power (CSP), ocean(wave,tidal power) and hydropower.


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In the Photovoltaics sub-area of the project call the overallexpected impact is the cost of grid-connected PV electricityin Europe to be lowered to range of 0.10-0.25/kWh by 2020.

The research and development should lead to reduced also

the mater ial consumption.

It is also expected the enhancing strategic internationalcooperationin the field ofconcentr ation photovoltaicsand to

use the multiple benefit of photovoltaics.Production of educational and training mater ialis also the

important part of the entire project call.


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The main expectationsconcerning to the project call are asfollows:

improve energy efficiency

accelerate the penetration of renewable energy sources

decarbonizes the power generation and the transport

reduce greenhouse emissions

diversifying Europes energy mix

enhance the competitiveness of European industry

including a better involvement of SMEs


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The practical figuresof the FP7-ENERGY-2008-TREN-1 callare as follows:

the total budget is 147 million Euros

specific feature of the call is cooperation final deadline of the application is October 8, 2008.

The FP7-ENERGY work programme will be updated onannual basis, the next call is expected in 2009.


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Projects performed

Training and education

Photovoltaic applications

Euro-Chinese Business L ink in the solar energy industr ies

(Sunrise)


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Sunrise (1/4)

Sunrise is a company match-making programmeopen toSmall and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in thephotovoltaic and solar thermal energy sectorfrom Germany,Greece, Hungary and China.

The objective is to contribute to the development of long-term business co-operation between companiesin the industryand across regions.

During a main event held in Shanghai in China inNovember 2008, a maximum of40 selected European and 60selected Chinese companies wil l meetfor face-to-face businessmeetings.


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Sunrise (2/4)

The project is co-f inanced by the EU.

Interested companies are encouraged to registeras early aspossible to ensure participation in the programme since there

is a limit on the number of participants.

Following registration, companies will be requested toupload their company profile on the projects facility

(B2BSunrise.net), which will contain important projectinformation as well as the profiles of other participatingcompanies.


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Sunrise (3/4)

I nternational co-operation in the solar energy sectorremainslimited, despite the obvious need for SMEs in the sector tofind new export, business and investment opportunitiesoutsidetheir own region.

Companies are often constrained by limited marketinformation, differences in business culture and language orsimply because they do not have the resources to research,contact and meet their respective counterparts.

The Euro-China Business Link will help to overcome thesereal or perceived barriers and will provide assistance in theform of targeted information, meeting services, tools for B2B

communication, travel incentives and other advisory services.

S i (4/4)


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Sunrise (4/4)

Benefitsfor participating companies:

Face-to-face meetings with 60 selected Chinese companiesactive in the solar energy industries.

English-Chinese translation service

Travel incentive per participating company

Market background information

Preparatory seminar in each of the project countries

Project website (B2BSunrise.net) offering to communicatedirectly with other participating companies

Access to the global online marketplace(http://www.b2brenenergy.com)

Visit international trade exhibition in Shanghai


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US governments support the renewables (1/7)

During the Washington International Renewable Energy

Conference 2008 President Bush has summarized all the recentcommitments of US government concerning to the renewableenergy resources.

The main statementscan be summerised as follows:

America has got to change its habitsas it got to get off oil. This

is the reason why dependency on oi lpresents a real challengeto the economy.

Since 2000 the federal government spent more than $12 bil l ionto research, developand promote alternative energy sources.


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The two most vulnerable areas to economic disruption happens

to be automobile useand electr ic power.

It is planned to reduce gasoline consumptionby 20 percent overthe next 10 years.

Main options:

biodiesel

ethanol

hybrid vehicles

hydrogen technology


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Biodiesel use:

Biodieselis the most promising of these fuels.

Biodiesel refineries produce fuel from soybeans, and vegetable

oils, and recycled cooking grease, from waste materials.

Itself the biodisel was up 80 percent f rom 2006.

Today there are more than650 biodiesel fuel ing stations

inAmerica.


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US governments support the renewables (4/7)Ethanol use:

In the 2000 a strog campaign started to support ethanol usewhich has been has quadrupled in 2007.

The majority of that ethanol is coming from corn.

In 2005 the United States became the world's leading ethanolproducer providing nearly half of the worldwide ethanolproduction.

The high price of corn is beginning to affect the pri ce of food.For that reason the Department of Energy had dedicatednearly $1 billion to develop technologies that can make

cellulosic ethanolcost competitive.


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Hybrid vehicles use:

It is providing tax incentivesto buy these fuel-efficient vehicles.

Today there are nearly a mil l ion.

It is also investing in plug-in hybr idsmotivting city peopledriving not on gasoline but on electricity.

The short-term goal is to have vehicles that are capable ofdriving about 60 kms on electricity.


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Hydrogen technology:

There is a strong support of hydrogen.

It has been spent about $1.2 billion in research anddevelopmentto bring vehicles running on hydrogen to themarket.

The waste productof a hydrogen-powered vehicle is pure and

clean water.


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In 2007 solar installationsgrew by more than 32 percentin the US.

The construction projects wil l be supported by $18.5 bil l ionin loanguarantees provided by the government.

It includes $18 billion for the nukes and $10 bil l ion for renewableenergy expansionsin the United States

It is important to be an international clean technology fundfromthe wealthy nations to help poorer nations clean up theirenvironments.

US will commit $2 bil l ionto the fund.


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Priorities in the field of solar energyas a

Conclusion

Solar thermal in general has lower priority

Production of electricity from solar thermal is preferred

Photovoltaic has a high priority


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Solar energy equipment for research, education anddemonstration purposes.Department of Physics and Process Control,Szent Istvn University, Gdll, Hungary, 1996.

Modular solar dryer.Department of Physics and Process Control,Szent Istvn University, Gdll, Hungary, 1996.

Transparent insulation wall.Department of Physics and Process Control,

Szent Istvn University, Gdll, Hungary, 1996.

References (1/3)


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Solar heated swimming pool.Swimming pool,Szent Istvn University, Gdll, Hungary, 2000.

Roof integrated solar domestic hot water system,Gdll, 2000.

Solar heated greenhouse.Research Station,Department of Horticultural Technology,Szent Istvn University, Gdll, Hungary, 2001.

References (2/3)


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10 kWp capacity grid-connected photovoltaic system.Student Dormitory, Building C,Szent Istvn University, Gdll, Hungary, 2005.

Portable PV kit.Department of Physics and Process Control,

Szent Istvn University, Gdll, Hungary, 2006.

References (3/3)


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Transparent insulation (TI) wall


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Solar dryer


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Solar heated swimming pool

R f i t t d l d ti h t


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Roof integrated solar domestic hotwater system

S l h t d h


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Solar heated greenhouse

10 kWp capacity grid connected PV sytem


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10 kWp capacity grid-connected PV sytem


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Portable PV kit


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Picture of the solar power plant


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Thank you

for your kind

attention!

farkas swic 08 presentation3

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