• Name: Sahar Abdallah

• Email:Sahar_Abdallah@live.com

• Course: Construction & Finishes

• Teacher: Gregory Mohsen

• Project

False

ceiling

Gypsum

board

Is a plate made of light materials carried out at a specific level under concrete roofs for decorative purposes inside rooms or balcony or for purpose cover extensions phenomenon in some places like health extenders, electrical and extensions air conditioning and others. The ceilings are made in different forms and sizes of several materials such as wood, plaster, plastic, cardboard, aluminum and metal...

As well as installation methods differs according on several factors and including the quality of materials and dimensions felling false ceiling. The installation of false ceiling must meet the conditions contained in drawings in terms of measurements of the level of installation and other decorative aspects.

This type encapsulates ceiling by spraying, and the material of the composition or structure relies on a combination of granulated cement or plaster, encapsulates ceiling by a tool called trowels and characterizes this ceiling to resist fire and can be composed of mineral fibers mixed with special materials sprayed directly to attach it selves to the ceiling of any type metal or cement. This type of cement meets especially the twisted ceiling.

This type sticks directly on the ceiling of the room, which is a solid mix of gypsum layer so that it attaches to a basic room ceiling and gives us a flat and smooth layer.

This type depends on the combination of wooden or metal mesh that can be the adhesive of room ceiling. This type of ceilings ensures mechanical surfaces like electrical extensions, empty places of fixed lighting and the remaining spaces between false ceiling and the ceiling of the room and can be changed depending on the needs of room to be the roof ceiling wigs and this space has many functions including fire protection and lighting effects and conditioning.Ceiling forms can differ, according to its classification but the grid of its main form is the same and this grid can be either hidden, half-hidden or visible and its final face consists of moving parts that can be replaced when needed and we can use a wooden grid instead of a steel one, and the final face can be fixed on it by nails and screws. It consists of:

1. Metal bridge2. Railway (affixed aluminum strips or tiles)3. Hidden links

1. Esthetic in first place: to give the place a sort of comfort, beauty and cover the extensions of the bottom of the bishop

2. To reduce the heights3. Fire resistant, used in sensitive areas4. To reduce noise and sound absorption5. Used to cover the supply of electrical extensions,

ventilation pipes, air conditioning and heating suspended from ceilings and water pipes if installed to the ceiling, where its maintenance is easy if installed well.

These false ceilings have special design on that forms a part of the decoration and it is mainly composed either of large wooden boards or slices of massif wood. Mounted on a wooden structure. Wooden ceilings are used for cosmetic purposes or internal balcony to cover distortions gypsum.

Are often composed of long hollow units, interfere with each other when installation, where they are installed by nails on the wooden structure and types mounted on a metal structure

They are like plastic roofs composed of long blades fixed on its own metal structure. There are types of roofs composed of aluminum boxes measuring 60*60 cm.

Is a false ceiling made in the form of boxes 60*60 cm and are widely used in office and public buildings due to the ease of its removal and installation for maintenance. These tiles are made from different materials Cartoons, gypsum or cork or aluminum and other ...And these boxes fixed on a metal structure or can be suspended in corner and hanged by the ceiling with metal hedges. It has adjustable length and the metal structure can be visible or hidden.

Is often used in the interior and cosmetic purposes and this type could include cornices and decorative walls and other elements.1. Ceilings consisting of panels

bred at the site2. Ceilings consisting of

prefabricated panels.

This type is used in the form of sheets of cartoonish gypsum and in the places that needs to have a sound insulator or heat insulation. And this type of ceilings has an important role to hide electrical wiring and central air-conditioning installations. You can also use this type of ceilings to avoid a renewal of an old roof, where an effort required for restoration and a longer period of time than installation of a false ceiling which gives a guaranteed result in a short period of time. It is easy to install and does not require a lot of equipment to be implemented.

This type is used in the form of sheets of cartoonish gypsum and in the places that needs to have a sound insulator or heat insulation. And this type of ceilings has an important role to hide electrical wiring and central air-conditioning installations. You can also use this type of ceilings to avoid a renewal of an old roof, where an effort required for restoration and a longer period of time than installation of a false ceiling which gives a guaranteed result in a short period of time. It is easy to install and does not require a lot of equipment to be implemented.

Covered by a cartoon layer available in ivory or white color so it can be ready for painting directly.And the other side of it in gray and a side blue sticker depending on the company.This used for all interior works and walls. Many bathrooms, rather than kitchens and areas where there is high humidity.

It is like the normal gypsum board. The difference is the side sticker that comes in red color.Preferably used for the walls. And can be used for bishop. There is little difference in price.

This is the best type. It is covered with a layer of cartoon and contains gypsum and has a good percentage of silicon and fiber glass. The cartoon layer can be green colored in both sides and also have green sticker.This type is used in bathrooms, kitchens and areas having humidity in it. It is preferably to use it in the entire house because of its specifications. Some people might ignore this to save money because these panels are slightly more expensive than regular plates and fire resistant ones.All of these panels have 9.5 mm thickness or 12.5 mm depending on the manufacturer. And also it can be 15 mm thickness or 18 mm but rare to find in market.

Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tmbk8Pfau0I

It is preferable to start gypsum works after we finish from the cement paper and before painting and flooring. And the gypsum stage is the most esthetic stage in for homes where you must carefully select the most appropriate shapes to match the room’s empty space. Gypsum works may be a cornice around the perimeter of the ceiling that contains slots for lighting. Gypsum works is a false ceiling covering every bishop, especially if there is central air-conditioning.And false ceilings help create gradients and tendencies and blanks with hidden illuminations. In addition, the false ceilings give the freedom to choose lighting areas. What is recommended?

1. Execution is assigned to an experienced, having a touch of esthetic design and implementation.

2. Direction to simplicity in gypsum as well as shapes and colors paints.

3. Non-use a lot of gypsum board for walls and shortened in the large areas of saloons only.

4. Avoid getting the gypsum wall down to the tiles, so in the future it is not affected by the water cleaning.

5. Avoid having gypsum board in passages in order not to have scratches.

6. Avoid making gypsum ceilings height less 270 cm.

Iron grids are the reason of most problems suffered by homeowners and are the cause of the fall of gypsum or cracks or unbalance.And it is the reason behind the difference in prices between a technician and another ... You may find great price differences between them.And the size and thickness remain the reason behind non-occurrence of cracks or falls.The iron grid consists:1. C Channel:

(C Channel) is one of the most important pieces of iron used in the structure. It can bear the pressure and weight of the gypsum board. Therefore it must be good and the thickness not less than 6 for normal ceilings and 8 for decorative ceilings ... As to be linked to rad with a distance of 70 cm maximum.

2. OMEGA: (gross tee) The piece that gypsum board can be fixed on. And it is installed on the(C channel) by the clips with a space between widget and the other 60 cm. As the gypsum set by special screws, the Omega must be in excellent quality and have the size of 5.5 or 6. In order to screw wriggling due to heavy weight or get bent. And if (C channel) is fixed in lengthways, omega must be fixed in crosswise in order to get the basic structure. And Omega must be on all parts of gypsum board to not have cracks in the future. And here also it differs between a technician and another... Some Omega does not fixes all edges which leads to cracks in the future.

3. Wall angle: It is “L” shaped and fixed on the wall. It also has other uses in fixing graphics decoration. Where we use screws + NAPO plastic 6 mm and then install Omega on it by small special bolts...

Video wall: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qlQIHbs6Wzw&feature=relatedVideo celling: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4GIFoQQsGrs&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJQlQdQ4q8s&feature=related

We paint the basic layer with Bremer aqueous… Then treated with putty again if found defects or holes.And it is preferred to make a basic layer, then coating two layers of plastic paint.

We use Tibet cloth in putty... Where it is glued on all joints in order to cohere with each other and facilitate the adhesion of putty after that.Putty is used to make the surface on one level and to not show ripples after finishing, and this step is very important because of its obvious effect of softness and esthetic form.If we use this method, the plaster ceiling will be shown as one level and free of spikes, after finishing.

Fire and sound ratings for building systems utilizing gypsum board are dependent on the core type and thickness of the gypsum board, its application in conjunction with the component parts, and the manner in which it is applied.

Tests for fire resistance and sound transmission, performed by independent laboratories, have resulted in specific ratings for walls/ partitions; floor/ceiling assemblies; shaft walls, stairwells and area separation walls; and columns. For maximum fire resistance and sound control, double layer construction is generally recommended since the additional mass further retards heat and noise penetration.

Gypsum board can be installed to both metal and wood framing using nails, screws or adhesives in combination with nails or screws. In many instances, the application will dictate which fastening method is appropriate.

Control joints may be necessary to prevent cracking in the gypsum board facing of drywall systems, especially in areas where structural elements such as slabs, columns or exterior walls can bear directly on non-load-bearing partitions. To relieve the stresses which occur as a result of movement induced by changes in moisture, temperature or both, control joints are required in both partitions and ceilings.

Gypsum board construction is popular for interior walls and ceilings because the materials are relatively cheap and easy to install, as long as the proper drywall tools are used. An individual or team who plans on hanging Gypsum board panels will need many standard construction tools, including pencils, straight edges, measuring tapes, utility knives, and sandpaper. Most jobs can be completed with common tools such as keyhole saws, hammers, and electric screwdrivers, though having specialized tools like drywall hammers and taping knives. With dedication and the proper drywall tools at hand, large projects can be completed with ease and efficiency.

Drywall sheets usually need to be trimmed to size before they can be hung. An installer should take careful measurements and calculate the shape and dimensions of each panel then draw cutting lines on the sheets with a pencil and straightedge. T-squares are useful for drawing long lines and maintaining appropriate angles when cutting pieces. Using a utility knife, an individual can follow the pencil line to cut partway through a sheet, and then bend the panel at the cut until it breaks away. Imperfect cuts can be straightened up using a metal file or a utility knife.

Nails or screws can be used to secure drywall panels to wall and ceiling frames. Some people use standard hammers or electric screwdrivers, though specialized drywall tools are recommended to ensure that nails or screws are inserted just far enough to not mar a panel (RAD, Fleshier copper, C-clips, His plow, ware clips). A Gypsum board hammer has a convex head that prevents puncturing a sheet when securing a nail into place. Screw guns designed for drywall can be adjusted to prevent screws from going all the way through a panel. Holes for lighting fixtures or electrical boxes can be cut using either a manual or power keyhole saw.Plastering installed panels requires additional drywall tools. Putty knives and sturdy taping knives are commonly used to apply and smooth a plaster mixture to walls. Nail holes, seams between panels, and imperfect edges can all be sufficiently covered during the plastering process. Since corners can be tricky to navigate with standard taping knives, an installer may want to invest in a set of corner knives, drywall tools that can delicately achieve the ideal finish.The final step in a drywall job is sanding down bumps and excess plaster, and applying a coat of texture if desired. Sanding can be done by hand or with electric tools equipped with specialized drywall sandpaper. A sanded wall that is still uneven or reveals gaps in the panels may need to undergo additional rounds of plastering and sanding until it is perfected. As a finishing touch, spray texture is commonly used on ceilings and walls to improve their aesthetics.

Hoe

knives

Measuring tapes

Pliers

Secure

Electronic Screwdriver

RADFleshier copper

C-clips

His plowware clips

Pencil

Bucket trowel

1. Hide defects of construction2. dispensed paste and paint and re-paint periodic3. Sections with internal material which ensures his insulator

thermal and phonic4. Lightweight but durable and resistant to abrasion and cracking

because they are made from the VPC.5. Multiple uses are available in attractive colors and capital is

similar to natural wood and colors fixed do not fade and is easy to clean, non-flammable and is not affected by acids and moisture.

6. Moisture resistance are radical solution because of the characteristics of VPC and are therefore ideal in places with high humidity and a solution to the problems of activity and mud cracks (paper).