Final Review

Final ReviewFall 2011MetricsHow many mm are in a meter?1000 mm

How many cm are in a meter?100 cm

How many Liters are in 123 ml0.123 l

GraphingLook over the graph.what do you see (trends)?Questions

What happens to the speed as breaking distance increases?What kind of graph is this?

Layers of the EarthWhat are the states of matter?

Answer these questionsWhich layer is the thinnest?crustWhich layer is liquid?Outer coreWhich layer is a solid Iron core?Inner CoreWhich layer is the densest?Inner Core

MappingLook over this mapAnswer the following questionsWhat is the contour interval?50 feetWhat is the difference between points A and D?Which an easier route to travel? A to B or A to C!A to BThe larger space between the lines represents a flatter surface?

World Map Study this mapQuestionsWhich lines represent latitude? 0 90 N or SWhich lines represent longitude?Which lines will intersectWhere is the prime meridian, equator?

Topographic mapsStudy the mapWhat do the following mean?Concentric circles of contour linesMountain peakWidely spaced contour linesGentle slopeV-shaped contour linesRiverConcentric circles of hatched linesdepressionClosely spaced contour linesSteep slope

MineralsWhich are characteristicsHow do these terms relate to minerals?SolidNaturally occurringInorganicDefinite chemical compositionCrystalline Structure

CleavageFractureHardnessLusterColor Streak

MineralsKey termsThings to knowPhysical propertiesColorStreakHardnessShapeLusterChemical propertiesChemical composition

Gems are mineralsQuartz is a common mineral found all overGold is mined naturallyRocks are not mineralsMohs scale of hardnessTypes of RocksWhat are the 3 types of RocksHow are they all connected-Rock CycleIgneousMetamorphicSedimentary

Rock CycleStudy this pictureQuestionsWhat kind of rocks come out of Volcanoes?...what causes the differences?Igneous Type of lavaWhat are the two types of lava?Mafic and Felsic

Igneous RocksExamplesWhere do they formPumiceObsidianBasaltGraniteScoriaRhyoliteGabbroInside the volcano is called what?IntrusiveOutside of the volcano is called?Extrusive

Sedimentary RocksExamplesTypes of Sedimentary RocksSandstoneShaleConglomerateCoalCoquinaGypsumDetrital/ClasticOrganic/BiochemicalChemical

Fossils Found in Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphic RocksExamplesTypes of metamorphic rocksMarbleSchistLimestoneSlateFoliatedHas layersNon-FoliatedNo layersPlate tectonicsWhat can happen at the following?What are these key terms?What are the different kinds of convergent boundaries?Oceanic ContinentalContinental ContinentalWhat is a divergent boundaries, and how do we know that they exist?Area in the oceans crust that spreading is occurring. We can measure magnetic reversals.

Subduction zoneConvection currentsPlatesContinental drift theory Alfred WegenerHarry Hess

Types of BoundariesHow do they moveDIVERGENT

CONVERGENT

TRANSFORM

Move apart (DIVorce)

Move together (CONnect/Couple)

Slide Past EachotherVolcanoesStudy this diagramQuestionsWhat direction is the plate moving?EastWhich volcano is the youngest, and why?HawaiiWhere would the most active volcano be in this diagram?Closest to the hot spot

Volcanoeswhat is underneath?What does each letter stand for?Matchwhich letter? LaccolithDikeLava FlowSillVolcano

Volcano typesWhat are the different types?QuestionsCompositeShieldCinder volcanoWhere are each type most commonly located?

What kind of eruptions are associated with each type?

What kind of debris comes out of each type?

What kind of Volcanoes are these famous onesName / typeMatchMid Atlantic RidgeMount PinotuboThe Hawaiian islandsDivergent boundariesSubduction zones Hot spotEarthquakesWhat do the points represent on the pictureQuestionsWhat kind of fault is this?NormalWhat kind of stress caused this kind of faultTensionWhat kind of boundary could you find this at?DivergentWhich Point is the EpicenterC

Earthquakes / Time Travel graphsStudy this graphQuestionsWhich wave came first?How does the information help you find the epicenter?

ProblemsAt what time did the P wave hit 2000 km away from the epicenter?How far did the wave travel in 5 minutes?

How do we measure Earthquakes?ScalesKey termsRichter scaleMagnitude of the seismic wavesHow do we measure Earthquakes..EquipmentSeismogram (recorded paper)Seismometer(instrument)How many circles do you need?Seismic wavesTsunamiFaultsMagnitudeEpicenterFocus

FaultsKey termsStress and Fault linesStressStrainElastic DeformationPlastic DeformationRupture/FailureWhat kind of stress results in Normal faults?TensionReverse faults?CompressionStrike slip?Shearing

FaultsWhat type of fault is these?

Weatheringwhat is it?mechanicalChemicalPot holesTree rootsIce wedgingDoesnt change the chemical composition

Oxidation of any item (Rust)Chemical change of compositionBest Conditions are Wet and Cool

GlaciersQuestionsWhat are the two types?How do they form?Where are they still?