Extension units

• 1 Medicine in the Ancient World and the Early Middle Ages

• • Ideas of cause and cure; the recording and transmission of knowledge in Ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome and in the Muslim world.

• • Public health provision in Ancient Rome and in England in the Middle Ages.

• • The role of key individuals: Hippocrates and Galen.

Ancient medicine

Causes – Egyptians – undigested food rotting in bowels stuck in channels

- All societies – gods+spirits.- Greeks – 4 humours- Romans – beginnings of the bad air/miasma

idea – swamps – army was getting sick near them. 4 humours

- Galen – brain controls body- Islamic medicine challenged ideas of how body

worked. 4 humours

Communications

• Egyptians – 1st documented society

• Greeks/Romans – big empire

• Hippocratic Collection (200 books)

• Greeks – observation – written records.

• Alexandria – library.

Cures etc

Egypt – natural remedies – eg honey

Pray to gods eg Imphotep

Hygiene – priests

Greece – observed, recorded. Diagnosis – what the problem is. Prognosis – what’s the likely outcome. Exercise. Asclepius.

- 4 humours – getting rid of the extra

Romans – similar.

Public health

- Why? Romans needed healthy army

- Clean water

- Medieval times – gets worse. 14th century London – banning throwing rubbish etc.

Revision sessions

Monday 7th – G316 – 3:30 – paper 1

Thursday 10th – G316 – 3:30 – paper 2

What sort of question will you get?

• Progress?

• Compare?

• Why?

• Intro – say what your argument is.

What can we learn from these sources about changing understanding of causes of

disease?Medieval flagellants Louis Pasteur

Pasteur

Why does he matter?

Germ theory 1861

Germs cause decay – therefore they must cause disease.

Koch – proves germs cause disease – anthrax

Competition to find germs+vaccines

Could be asked to look at –

Why they succeeded/impact of their success