Exploring Second/Foreign Language Reading

Dr. Teng-lung PengE-mail: perngdl@yuntech.edu.twhttp://mapleleaves.yah.tw

Different Approaches to Reading

Bottom-up Approach Top-down Approach Interactive Approach Reciprocal Teaching P: Prediction C: Clarification Q: Question S: Summary

Six Strategies when teaching ESL/EFL reading class

A: Activate prior/background knowledge

C: Cultivate vocabulary T: Teach for comprehension I: Increase reading rate V: Verify reading strategies E: Evaluate progress

Activate Prior/Background Knowledge

SQ3R survey question read recite review

Cultivate Vocabulary

Etymology prefix word root (base form of the verb) suffix e.g., im medi ate ly astro naut pesti cide

Teach for Comprehension Applying basic reading comprehension

skills such as skimming, scanning, previewing, and reviewing text

Using context to construct meaning Applying self-monitoring and self-corrective

strategies to build and expand a knowledge base

Planning how and when to use cognitive strategies and applying them appropriately to a learning task

Evaluating one’s own success in a completed task

Teach for Comprehension –con’tdSome transition words To add information and reasons: in addition To show cause and effect: as a result To explain, give reasons: actually To compare: by comparison To contrast: however To summarize: in summary To show order: first, second,… To show chronological order: next, then

Increase Reading Rate

Scanning: lexical accessing 600 wpm Skimming: semantic encoding 450 wpm Looking for “key phrase” Six symbols: 六個符號學英文 , 斷句法

Increase Reading Rate – con’td The 介片 (of the…) A +Adj.+N.(S.)+ 形子 (who/which) An P.P. + V. Ving

Verify Reading Strategies

What is the strategy? Why should the strategy be learned? How can the strategy be used? When should the strategy be used? Where should the reader look? How can you evaluate the use of the

strategy?

Verify Reading Strategy – con’td Cognitive Reading Strategies Metacognitive Reading Strategies Compensating Reading Strategies

Evaluate Progress Reading log Reading rate Comprehension Reading rate record Techniques When I don’t understand a word/a phrase/a

sentence use context clues/read back/read

ahead/look it up/ask someone/skip it and read on

Build Motivation

Intrinsic motivation Extrinsic motivation Integrative motivation Instrumental motivation

Select Appropriate Reading Materials

Five factors that influence selecting appropriate reading materials

Time Progression Student groups and cooperative

learning Variety Students’ needs, interests, and

abilities

Reading for General Purposes

Building Vocabulary Base e.g., etymology ( 字源學 ) Doing Extensive Reading Practicing Reading Strategies

Reading for Specific Purposes Top-down approach Building Vocabulary Base Intensive Reading/Specific Reading Reading Strategies (tri-part structure) e.g., Intro., Body Para., Conclusion e.g., Topic sentence Supporting sentences Concluding sentence

Reference:

Anderson, N. J. (2004). Exploring second language reading: Issues and strategies. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press

Ending

Thanks for listening.

E-mail: perngdl@yuntech.edu.tw http://mapleleaves.yah.tw