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ITE PC v4.0

Chapter 1 1

Planning and Cabling

Networks

Network Fundamentals Chapter 10

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Choosing the Appropriate LAN Device Given a network requirement, determine the optimum

number of sub networks in the larger internetwork.

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Choosing the Appropriate LAN Device

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Device Selection Factors

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Factors to Consider in Choosing a Switch

The cost of a switch is determined by its capacity andfeatures.

The apparent cost savings of using a single switch maybe offset by the expense from the longer cable lengths

required to connect every device on the LAN to oneswitch.

Another cost consideration is how much to invest inredundancy.

Redundancy allows the physical network to continue itsoperation even if one device fails.

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Factors Determining LAN Switch Selection

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Factors to Consider in Router Selection

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LAN Cabling Areas

.

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LAN Cabling AreasAreas are limited to a maximum distance of 100 meters

per channel.

UTP patch cords used to connect devices to the walljacks have a maximum length of 10 meters.

The telecommunications room is where connections tointermediary devices take place and sometimes housesnetwork servers.

The maximum length for a cable from a terminationpoint in the telecommunication room to the terminationat the work area outlet must not exceed 90 meters.

Backbones typically require high bandwidth media suchas fiber-optic cabling.

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Cable LengthAttenuation - reduction of the strength of a signal

as it moves down a media. The longer the media,the more attenuation will affect the signal.

Cabling distance is a significant factor in data

signal performance. Signal attenuation andexposure to possible interference increase withcable length.

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Ease of Installation

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RJ-45 T568A and T568B Termination

Tx: Pins 1 and 2; Rx: Pins 3 and 6

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Straight-through Cables Use straight-through cables for these connections:

Switch to a router Ethernet port, Computer to switch,Computer to hub

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Crossover UTP Cables

Use crossover cables for these connections: Switch/Hub toSwitch/Hub, Router to router Ethernet port connection, Computerto computer, Computer to a router Ethernet port

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Types of WAN Connections

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WAN Connections - Serial

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Serial DTE and DCE WAN Connections In our labs, when the local router is required to provide

the clock rate, a DCE cable will be used.

By assigning a clock rate to the router, a router adjuststhe speed of its communication operations, thereby

synchronizing with the devices connected to it.

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Lab Approach

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Determining the Number of Hosts To develop an addressing scheme for a network,

determine the total number of hosts. Consider everydevice that will require an IP address, now and in thefuture.

End devices require an IP address: Computers,Servers, Printers, IP phones, and IP cameras

Network devices requiring an IP address: Router LANand WAN (serial) interfaces

Network devices requiring an IP address formanagement : Switches and Wireless Access Points

Recall that the number of hosts on one network orsubnet: 2^n 2, n = number of host bits

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Reasons for Dividing a Network into Subnets

Manage Broadcast Traffic

Different Network Requirements

Security

Each subnet, as a physical network segment, requiresa router interface as the gateway for that subnet. Eachconnection between routers is a separate subnet.

Counting number of subnets: 2^n; n = number ofsubnet bits (stolen host bits)

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Designing the Address Standard forInternetwork

When allocating an IP address to a router interface thatis the gateway for a LAN, it is common practice to usethe first (lowest) or last (highest) address within thesubnet range.

When assigning addresses to devices that manageother devices, using a consistent pattern within asubnet makes these addresses easily recognizable.

Remember to document your IP addressing scheme on

paper.

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IP Address Allocation Methods Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM), - one assigns

the prefix and host bits to each network based on thenumber of hosts in that network.

Non-VLSM approach, where all subnets use the same

prefix length and the same number of host bits. Students are encouraged to comprehend the

Calculating Address Cases on this chapter.

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Device Interfaces

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Device Management Connection

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