exploiting the role of the convective pbl for local land-atmosphere coupling studies joseph a....

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Exploiting the role of the Convective PBL for Local Land-Atmosphere Coupling Studies Joseph A. Santanello, Jr. ESSIC – University of Maryland & NASA/GSFC Hydrological Sciences Branch 21 September 2005

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  • Exploiting the role of the Convective PBL for Local Land-Atmosphere Coupling StudiesJoseph A. Santanello, Jr.

    ESSIC University of Maryland&NASA/GSFC Hydrological Sciences Branch

    21 September 2005

  • OutlineBackground: The CBL in LoCo

    Coupling Diagnostics

    Remote sensing of CBL properties

    Incorporating CBL observations into LoCo

  • LoCo MotivationOverarching goal: Accurately understand, model and predict the role of local land atmosphere coupling in the evolution of land-atmosphere fluxes and state variables, including clouds.

    Science Questions:

    Are the results of PILPS, GSWP, or data assimilation experiments affected by the lack of land-atmosphere coupling? Can we explain the physical mechanisms leading to the coupling strength differences found in GLACE or other coupled NWP/climate experiments?Are there observable diagnostics that quantify the role of local land-atmosphere coupling?

  • NASA Funding for LoCo Development NASA model and observation products for the study of land-atmosphere coupling and its impact on water and energy cycles C. D. Peters-Lidard, W-K. Tao, M. Bosilovich, M. Rodell, and W. Lau (NASA/GSFC), J. Santanello (UMDCP/ESSIC), J. Chern (UMBC/GEST)Objectives (2005-2010):Study factors controlling Land-Atmosphere Coupling (LAC) and the effect of this coupling on efforts to assimilate NASA observations into water and energy cycle prediction systems. Develop a suite of modeling and observational products to study the strength of local LAC, and provide these products to the developing GLASS Local Coupled Action (LoCo) project community and the NEWS science team. Community Deliverables (2007):Boundary and initial conditions for LoCo sites extracted from the Goddard fvGCM/MMF, used to drive a Single Column Model (SCM) coupled to a suite of land surface models.Source code for the coupled Land Information System (LIS), with the combined Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF)/Goddard Cumulus Ensemble (GCE) models.Data assimilation modules, which have been under development at NASA by Houser, Zhan, Reichle et al. (soil moisture), Rodell et al. (snow), Bosilovich et al. (skin temperature).

  • Exploiting CBL Diagnostics for LoCoPBL Height12 UTC20 UTCMixed Layer Free Atmosphere Residual Layer1714

  • CBL Budget Terms h12 UTC201714 EntrainmentSurface sensible heat fluxAdvectionAdvectionRFD

  • CBL Diagnostics

    Maximum CBL Height (h)responds directly to the flux of heat into the PBL

    Atmospheric Stability (g) dq/dz: Initial (morning) change in pot. temperature with height

    Soil Water Content (w) [or Evaporative Fraction (EF)]controls partitioning of surface fluxes

    Change in 2-meter potential temperature (Dq2m)sensitive to heat input and PBL height g h qi qf w EF

  • OutlineBackground: The CBL in LoCo

    Coupling diagnosticsObserved (ARM-SGP)Modeled (OSU-1D PBL)Feedbacks (equilibrium vs. extreme conditions)

    Remote sensing of CBL properties

    Incorporating CBL observations into LoCo

  • ARM-SGP Central Facility (Lamont, OK)

    Atmospheric dataRadiosondes: 6:30am, 9:30am, 12:30pm, 3:30pm Profiles of temperature, humidity, pressure, and wind

    Land surface dataEBBR flow towersSurface meteorological data5 soil moisture probes (0-5 cm) Average of 3 surrounding sites + Lamont (~100 km)

    132 days from JJA of 1997, 1999, and 2001

  • w (% vol) g (K m-1) Dq2m (K) Dq2m (g kg-1)h(m)h(m)h(m)h(m)StabilitySoil water content2m Pot. temp2m Sp. humidity ARM-SGP CBL DiagnosticsSantanello, J. A., M. A. Friedl, and W. P. Kustas 2005: An Empirical Investigation of Convective Planetary Boundary Layer Evolution and Its Relationship with the Land Surface. J. Applied Meteorol. 44, 917-932.

  • ARM-SGP CBL Diagnosticsw (% vol)

    g (K m-1)R2 = 0.85Predictions of CBL height from observations of soil moisture and initial stabilitySantanello, J. A., M. A. Friedl, and W. P. Kustas 2005: An Empirical Investigation of Convective Planetary Boundary Layer Evolution and Its Relationship with the Land Surface. J. Applied Meteorol. 44, 917-932.

  • Observed and Modeled CBL DiagnosticsARM-SGP (previous slide)OSU SimulationsA coupled SCM (OSU; Mahrt and Pan 1984) can be used to simulate these relationships 100 simulations covering full range of observed soil moisture and stability w (% vol)

    Predictions of CBL Height from OSU simulations agree well with observed (R2 = 0.83)

  • Simulated CBL Diagnostics vs. LAI g (K m-1) g (K m-1)w (m3 m-3)w (m3 m-3)Leaf Area Index = 0.5Leaf Area Index = 6.0 h (m) h (m)

    How does vegetation cover affect the principle controls on CBL height?We can identify similar relationships for soils.

  • Feedbacks: Fluxes vs. Soil MoistureThe main influence of CBL coupling is seen through changes in the atmospheric demand for ET.A) For moist soils, a negative feedback on ET occurs due to CBL coupling.

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    093.531

    093.3222

    093.011

    092.6094

    092.1072

    091.5149

    090.0673

    089.441

    088.772

    088.1017

    087.3851

    086.6555

    085.9088

    085.1682

    084.4287

    083.689

    082.9451

    082.1926

    081.4414

    080.7102

    079.9926

    079.2804

    078.5729

    077.8749

    077.1998

    076.5295

    075.7633

    074.9414

    074.1375

    073.3367

    072.5762

    071.8471

    071.1426

    070.4029

    069.5393

    068.7207

    067.8605

    067.0664

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    ARM-SGP

    OSU

    Soil Water Content

    Snesible Heat Flux

    Sheet1

    0-3.98124

    0-3.69909

    0-3.42171

    0-3.13992

    0-2.87021

    0-2.61068

    0-2.36254

    0-2.11928

    0-1.883694

    0-1.653305

    0-1.428539

    0-1.210443

    0-1

    0-0.791318

    0-0.59246

    0-0.397575

    0-0.202647

    0-0.011224

    00.17624

    00.35861

    00.53662

    00.71004

    00.88049

    01.04759

    01.21122

    01.38291

    01.55504

    01.72614

    01.88646

    01.91627

    01.92805

    01.94108

    01.95704

    01.97339

    01.99217

    02.01235

    02.03505

    02.05842

    02.08178

    02.10708

    02.13587

    02.1725

    02.20687

    02.25033

    02.30215

    02.33837

    02.36029

    02.38042

    02.40096

    02.41906

    02.43787

    02.45432

    02.47193

    02.48824

    02.50443

    02.50773

    02.48454

    02.46294

    02.42272

    02.42438

    02.42761

    02.42713

    02.41493

    02.40261

    02.39427

    02.39386

    02.4039

    02.41489

    02.51236

    02.53403

    02.55478

    02.57996

    02.60239

    02.62567

    02.64698

    02.67207

    02.6969

    02.72266

    02.7484

    02.77205

    02.801

    02.82615

    02.85058

    02.8752

    02.89923

    02.92231

    02.946

    02.96993

    02.99905

    03.03302

    03.07151

    03.1249

    03.17221

    03.22093

    03.26859

    03.31201

    03.37626

    03.4408

    03.51902

    03.58606

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    ARM-SGP

    OSU

    Soil Water Content

    2m Specific Humidity Change

    Sheet2

    02272.79

    02225.61

    02186.79

    02154.41

    02125.75

    02095.15

    02060.66

    02021.44

    01987.34

    01959.36

    01936.16

    01914.71

    01889.57

    01861.13

    01831.43

    01801.5

    01775.04

    01752.19

    01732.55

    01715.03

    01697.35

    01679.24

    01660.91

    01642.29

    01622.19

    01586.58

    01551.34

    01519.63

    01490.96

    01482.15

    01474.17

    01466.37

    01457.78

    01448.94

    01439.18

    01429.2

    01418.97

    01409.07

    01398.95

    01389.52

    01379.47

    01367.24

    01356.34

    01344.68

    01331.44

    01317.92

    01306.44

    01295.52

    01284.24

    01273.05

    01263

    01254.4

    01246.42

    01239.84

    01234.06

    01230.17

    01228.94

    01227.35

    01228.19

    01223.51

    01219.16

    01215.28

    01211.94

    01207.59

    01199.21

    01188.97

    01177.62

    01163.79

    01138.27

    01123.05

    01107.05

    01092.46

    01076.73

    01060.93

    01045.34

    01028.56

    01010.9

    0989.71

    0970.12

    0951.79

    0935.69

    0916.97

    0893.21

    0869.71

    0848.84

    0830.31

    0812.76

    0793.67

    0771.45

    0750.26

    0733.72

    0723.14

    0710.49

    0696.64

    0683.96

    0671.03

    0656.46

    0642.68

    0629.93

    0616.4

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    ARM-SGP

    OSU

    Soil Water Content

    PBL Height

    Sheet3

    136.250

    136.1790

    131.8030

    127.4310

    123.9010

    120.3540

    117.0420

    118.2940

    115.1960

    112.0830

    109.3210

    106.8650

    104.3690

    102.0170

    99.890

    97.6840

    95.6460

    93.6920

    91.8690

    90.1880

    88.6720

    87.2430

    85.9520

    84.6890

    83.5110

    79.8490

    78.0710

    76.5830

    75.3530

    74.9930

    74.6770

    74.3770

    74.0460

    73.7370

    73.4060

    73.0770

    72.7520

    70.2630

    69.90

    69.5650

    69.1980

    68.7210

    68.3130

    67.8720

    67.39520

    66.93230

    66.5690

    66.22750

    65.88780

    65.56980

    65.27790

    65.03510

    64.78980

    64.58440

    64.4070

    64.31730

    64.33020

    64.32820

    64.41920

    64.31120

    64.20970

    64.14380

    64.0980

    60.73280

    60.5830

    60.39660

    60.17180

    59.91110

    59.32870

    59.0450

    58.7260

    58.44930

    58.14290

    57.84550

    57.55720

    57.25980

    56.96430

    55.6170

    55.28490

    54.97840

    54.71960

    54.45880

    53.72340

    53.37260

    53.05710

    52.78510

    52.55020

    52.42350

    52.08070

    51.74660

    51.47450

    51.25930

    51.05280

    49.57990

    49.34340

    49.10010

    48.82770

    48.58130

    48.34450

    48.12360

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    OSU

    ARM-SGP

    Soil Water Content

    Entrainment Flux

    017.1779

    033.2437

    048.3487

    062.5265

    075.881

    088.8722

    0101.4964

    0113.394

    0124.614

    0135.178

    0145.134

    0154.539

    0164.23

    0173.308

    0181.714

    0189.473

    0196.846

    0203.818

    0210.382

    0216.566

    0222.401

    0227.941

    0233.174

    0238.152

    0242.801

    0247.95

    0252.921

    0257.405

    0260.618

    0260.668

    0260.498

    0260.312

    0260.18

    0260.093

    0260.009

    0259.967

    0259.976

    0259.988

    0260.045

    0260.13

    0260.201

    0260.241

    0260.333

    0260.667

    0261.189

    0261.495

    0261.545

    0261.564

    0261.52

    0261.411

    0261.234

    0260.998

    0260.664

    0260.179

    0259.334

    0257.437

    0254.159

    0251.376

    0247.209

    0245.403

    0243.392

    0241.03

    0238.268

    0235.611

    0233.34

    0231.501

    0230.09

    0229.021

    0232.182

    0231.23

    0230.397

    0229.628

    0228.989

    0228.423

    0227.922

    0227.477

    0227.074

    0226.717

    0226.4

    0226.134

    0225.896

    0225.674

    0225.466

    0225.285

    0225.13

    0224.984

    0224.846

    0224.737

    0224.904

    0225.268

    0225.611

    0225.948

    0226.268

    0226.558

    0226.839

    0227.237

    0227.998

    0228.727

    0229.408

    0230.044

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    ARM-SGP

    OSU

    Soil Water Content

    Latent Heat Flux

    SHFSWC

    150.5670.0580418

    167.4110.0580646

    242.9040.0615587

    224.2230.0624673

    254.3530.0626599

    185.0870.0640021

    213.3550.065083

    231.0690.0664275

    232.1170.0666278

    230.020.067692

    231.0590.0688192

    212.0920.0692756

    233.4910.0697977

    239.0010.0709663

    239.60.0710925

    261.0660.0722032

    218.3870.0725623

    230.3280.0739337

    171.940.0756501

    199.0270.0827706

    134.0130.0842397

    173.8880.0886585

    138.4390.0906884

    129.7480.0919788

    108.6960.0949391

    127.0720.0958197

    152.1080.0963258

    124.60.0967912

    480.0969573

    51.80.0970105

    110.0280.0980917

    117.6440.0998599

    119.6630.101224

    99.09990.10221

    84.77450.102447

    40.7090.105903

    107.6980.106187

    113.3820.106256

    122.50.107056

    152.8540.107727

    72.84780.108359

    59.40.108857

    88.920.110134

    66.360.111521

    216.1360.112

    64.65780.112076

    45.3130.114669

    88.22120.116424

    87.30320.1186

    96.00250.119286

    65.36510.121923

    121.0040.122212

    95.79090.123138

    152.7050.124017

    123.0340.126022

    81.11480.127669

    79.52250.129895

    132.0610.132528

    112.9220.134656

    90.51260.136473

    51.3230.138866

    45.73940.143576

    118.3470.149681

    76.36580.152443

    117.1460.152685

    52.13730.154813

    119.0220.156337

    95.72940.160875

    56.74720.163478

    97.40560.168278

    49.44180.175431

    136.9910.176291

    89.94130.18217

    78.76140.183815

    75.08640.185913

    72.73890.188822

    116.6870.189429

    39.36170.198209

    1380.199137

    79.01610.202206

    49.78940.216398

    113.9680.216602

    146.5830.217268

    116.0030.21728

    122.7560.217883

    148.1460.217992

    66.17250.230625

    99.85380.231074

    53.39210.244768

    98.63570.245242

    26.09130.251214

    117.90.260676

    89.91440.261301

    88.67470.262314

    36.22910.268021

    18.33660.270471

    52.89620.271909

    39.87820.274854

    116.2880.276087

    78.52280.278002

    89.0240.278633

    86.10620.286745

    56.58750.287825

    130.8650.295259

    46.21670.299753

    64.56910.30039

    103.7540.301778

    74.61150.307639

    30.88020.309931

    66.9110.312874

    101.7140.314505

    71.25560.316605

    36.46940.318555

    92.58510.318811

    64.49540.319142

    86.4510.33185

    137.5420.335531

    50.54820.340623

    66.84440.343469

    42.26290.3447

    52.70430.345405

    105.4550.348449

    59.99190.348598

    104.6580.348983

    36.77820.352338

    80.37360.354535

    92.91030.358846

    20.97330.366012

    42.63640.380808

    54.47370.386603

    77.45570.387686

    71.29590.389197

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

    SHF

    45.313

    66.36

    59.4

    122.5

    124.6

    51.8

    48

    152.108

    116.288

    113.968

    50.5482

    30.8802

    18.3366

    49.7894

    76.3658

    96.0025

    40.709

    88.2212

    84.7745

    52.7043

    71.2556

    64.5691

    20.9733

    46.2167

    39.8782

    98.6357

    116.003

    75.0864

    119.022

    90.5126

    152.705

    123.034

    39.3617

    146.583

    138

    136.991

    89.9413

    118.347

    112.922

    95.7909

    72.8478

    107.698

    92.9103

    137.542

    42.6364

    105.455

    86.451

    74.6115

    64.4954

    54.4737

    36.7782

    42.2629

    71.2959

    52.8962

    53.3921

    56.5875

    36.2291

    103.754

    78.7614

    92.5851

    66.911

    86.1062

    117.9

    59.9919

    80.3736

    89.9144

    77.4557

    104.658

    88.6747

    66.1725

    79.0161

    49.4418

    66.8444

    36.4694

    78.5228

    26.0913

    148.146

    72.7389

    56.7472

    45.7394

    79.5225

    65.3651

    64.6578

    119.663

    110.028

    108.696

    129.748

    173.888

    95.7294

    132.061

    199.027

    261.066

    239.001

    212.092

    232.117

    254.353

    242.904

    167.411

    150.567

    101.714

    130.865

    89.024

    99.8538

    52.1373

    51.323

    81.1148

    88.92

    116.687

    97.4056

    117.146

    121.004

    152.854

    99.0999

    87.3032

    113.382

    117.644

    127.072

    138.439

    134.013

    171.94

    230.328

    218.387

    239.6

    233.491

    231.059

    230.02

    231.069

    213.355

    185.087

    224.223

    122.756

    216.136

    Chart1

    45.313380.85

    66.36364.733

    59.4351.987

    122.5325.193

    124.6302.575

    51.8280.407

    48260.1

    152.108241.936

    116.288225.649

    113.968209.844

    50.5482196.016

    30.8802183.806

    18.3366172.799

    49.7894162.857

    76.3658153.853

    96.0025145.687

    40.709137.671

    88.2212130.013

    84.7745123.249

    52.7043117.579

    71.2556112.742

    64.5691108.371

    39.8782107.298

    98.6357107.145

    116.003106.953

    75.0864106.403

    119.022105.628

    90.5126104.8368

    152.705104.042

    123.034103.251

    39.3617102.4537

    146.583101.6624

    138100.8842

    136.991100.1038

    89.941399.0992

    118.34797.854

    112.92296.6114

    95.790995.4385

    107.69894.2558

    92.910393.0891

    137.54291.9668

    42.636490.8341

    105.45589.4846

    86.45188.2991

    74.611587.242

    64.495486.2778

    54.473785.4626

    36.778284.7556

    42.262984.0841

    71.295983.449

    52.896282.8498

    53.392182.2749

    103.75481.7536

    78.761481.2992

    66.91180.9892

    86.106281.0414

    117.980.8806

    59.991981.228

    89.914481.2574

    77.455781.326

    104.65881.5402

    88.674781.4696

    66.172581.2617

    79.016181.0784

    49.441880.7886

    66.844480.4292

    36.469479.9947

    78.522879.4731

    26.091378.2438

    148.14677.7446

    72.738977.2269

    56.747276.6879

    45.739476.129

    79.522575.5654

    65.365175.0005

    64.657874.4282

    119.66373.8486

    110.02873.2564

    173.88872.6024

    95.729471.8781

    132.06171.1672

    199.02770.458

    261.06669.7232

    239.00168.9851

    212.09268.2471

    254.35367.2495

    242.90466.2893

    167.41165.2688

    150.56764.2874

    130.86563.3533

    89.02462.4739

    52.137361.6438

    51.32360.861

    81.114860.1064

    88.9259.3994

    97.405658.7295

    121.00458.0983

    152.85457.5009

    99.099956.9262

    87.303256.3995

    113.382

    117.644

    127.072

    138.439

    171.94

    218.387

    239.6

    233.491

    231.059

    230.02

    231.069

    213.355

    185.087

    224.223

    216.136

    ARM-SGP

    OSU

    w (% volumetric)

    Hs (W m-2)

    Sheet1

    SHF139.0762949.36348.5440.2142312.379SW1SHF364.8050. 3309.60 505.560 42.2755 314.95

    236.849147.4492929.6338.24440.0759312.2620.033380.853.3364.7330. 3308.58 505.085 42.2699 314.90362.1522362.1522319.5223319.5223

    229.292155.7332910.57328.53239.9433312.150.037364.7333.7351.98713.62923279.13488.66342.0761313.93345.6858345.6858307.1747307.1747

    221.673164.1942887.88318.57939.8031312.0360.04351.9874325.19342.70083199.44458.54241.6673313.589333.336333.336297.914297.914

    213.94172.1842862.69309.18939.6658311.9260.044325.1934.4302.57568.60913141.59428.40541.3082313.28316.8696316.8696285.5664285.5664

    206.639179.652836.79300.47939.5371311.8230.048302.5754.8280.40792.65933086.04399.80740.9459312.979300.4032300.4032273.2188273.2188

    199.827186.5842809.77292.21839.4143311.7260.051280.4075.1260.1114.953018.27378.07540.6114312.703288.0534288.0534263.9581263.9581

    193.538193.212785.29284.44439.2974311.6340.055260.15.5241.936134.972961.95354.28640.3002312.449271.587271.587251.6105251.6105

    187.523199.5132763.69276.9639.1804311.5430.058241.9365.8225.649152.9512921.05333.21640.0171312.211259.2372259.2372242.3498242.3498

    181.816205.5072744.72269.82439.0675311.4550.062225.6496.2209.844170.5112874.59312.92939.7307311.977242.7708242.7708230.0022230.0022

    176.384211.1852728.3263.0938.9595311.3690.065209.8446.5196.016185.9322821.38295.22139.4665311.767230.421230.421220.7415220.7415

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    218.387

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    213.355

    185.087

    224.223

    216.136

    Regression

    ARM-SGP

    OSU

    Soil Water Content (m3/m3)

    Sensible Heat Flux (Wm-2)

    Sheet2

    0

    0

    0

    0

    0

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  • Atmosphere-Limited Feedbackw qml

    b

    Hs

    Hi

    h

    Qmlqml

    b

    Saturated Soil Begins EvaporatingPBL growth maintains evaporative rate..

  • Feedbacks: Fluxes vs. Soil MoistureB) For dry soils, a positive feedback on ET and drought occursAre offline LSMs and data assimilation affected?

    Chart5

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