exiciting world of geology v 8 1 1_ego

7/27/2019 Exiciting World of Geology v 8 1 1_EGO

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WEL OMETO

T

HE

EX ITING

WORLD

OF

GEOLOGY


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WHAT DO YOU WANT OUT OF LIFE?


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DO YOU LOVE SCIENCE?

Then you can become a Geoscientist

Mathematics

PhysicsChemistry

Biology

English

Do you enjoy travelling?

Do you think outside the box?

Do you care about your environment?


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HAVE YOU EVER WONDERED.

Where do diamonds/jewelry come from?

How do islands form?

Where does all the drinking water, mineral resources and

energy come from?

Where did all the dinosaurs go?

What causes all these earthquakes and tsunamis?

How did mountains get so big?

Why do South America and Africa look like pieces of a puzzle?


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Strictly speaking, the word GEOLOGYdescribes all studies of the Earth

GEOLOGYhas come to mean the study of ROCKS

It is the study of the composition, structure, processes, history

and resources of the earth

WHAT IS GEOLOGY?


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The following disciplines belong to the field of Geoscience or Earth

Science: Geology

Geophysics

Geomorphology

Geodesy

Geography

Astronomy etc

Some related engineering fields include: Mining Engineering,

Metallurgy, Petroleum Engineering, Drilling Engineering, etc.

EARTH SCIENCES


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BRANCHES IN GEOLOGY

Petroleum geologist

Geophysicist

Mineralogist

Hydrogeologist

Seismologist

Mining geologist

Volcanologist

Environmental geologist

Engineering geologist

Sedimentologist

Paleontologist

Petrologist ALL YOU NEED IS A LOVE FOR THE SCIENCES!


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Petroleum Geologist

Engineering Geologist

Mining Geologist

HydroGeologist

Environmental Geologist

What they do

Explore for and find Oil and Gas; work with Reservoir

Engineers to produce it safely and efficiently

Site critical facilities like Bridges, Nuclear Power Plants, Dams,

etc., work with Civil Engineers to make sure the structures aresafe from earthquakes, landslides, volcanos and other

potential disasters

Explore for, locate and produce groundwater. Site fresh water

wells, analyze groundwater for contaminants

Explore for and find mineral deposits such as coal, sulfur,

bauxite (for aluminum), iron ore, diamonds and other precious

and semi-precious minerals, gold, silver, etc. Work with Mining

Engineers to produce deposits safely and efficiently

Investigate environmental conditions to meet government

regulations for environmental protection. Work with

Companies to ensure compliance

SOME GEOLOGY JOBS IN NIGERIA


9/21Environmental Impacted AreaCleaned up Area: Environmental Geologist involved in

clean up process

OIL SPILL

BEFORE AFTER

AIR POLLUTION

BEFORE AFTER

Beijing city: Smoked filled due to

vehicular and industrial emissionsBeijing city: After the air has been

cleaned up

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGIST
http://www.spillcontrolcentre.co.uk/bloghttp://www.spillcontrolcentre.co.uk/bloghttp://www.spillcontrolcentre.co.uk/blog


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Site Investigation-Cone Penetration Test todetermine soil load bearing capacity

Site Investigation for critical facilities:

Dam and Levies

Provide integrity test for: Road construction

Buildings

ENGINEERING GEOLOGIST


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Provide Water for:

Drinking

Domestic Use

Irrigation

Hydro-Geologist rigging up a flow meter

(used to measure flow rate)

Site investigation for groundwater using electrical

resistivity for geophysical monitoring

HYDROGEOLOGIST


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Minerals being explored in Nigeria

CoalEnugu statePower generationRail transport

Tin, Tantalum, ColumbitePlateau & Nassarawa

stateprecious stones/jewelry

Iron ore & CopperItakpe, Kogi Statesteel industry

GoldNorthern Nigeriajewelry BitumenLagos, Ogun, Ondo & Edotaring of roads

UraniumC.River, Adamawa, Taraba, Plateau, Bauchi

& Kano statesnuclear energy

MINING GEOLOGIST


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13

The business of the Upstream Oil and Gas industry is to locate the basins in the world where all thesefactors exist, explore for, and develop these accumulations with minimal environmental impact.

Generating hydrocarbons is like baking a cake. You

need the right ingredients (source, reservoir, seal,

trap) and the right oven (timing and temperature) for

it to generate and accumulate

GEOSCIENCE IMPACT ON OIL & GAS INDUSTRY


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PETROLEUM GEOLOGIST

Use rocks on the surface to predict similar rockbehaviours in the sub-surface

Petroleum Geologists with the aid of seismic (and other methods) canunderstand the subsurface better

Petroleum Geologist work to predict occurrence and

size of oil and gas accumulation in the sub-surface

Nigeria is one of the worlds leading producer of

crude oil

- Seen mainly in the Niger-Delta region

Oil and gas occur in several Africa Countries

- Angola, Libya, Uganda, Ghana, Tanzania

Based on their work, rigs are used to drillfor oil in predicted target locations


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Exploration

Production

Transportation

Refining

Marketing

OIL & GAS INDUSTRY


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Where does oil come from?

Not Dinosaurs

Too Big

Too Few

Plankton / Algae / Microbes / Plants

EXPLORATION


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Industry Historical Background

Industry is over 100 yrs old

First wellDrake Well drilled in April 1859

ExxonMobil has been in Nigeria for over 96 yrs

Exploration started in 1930s in Nigeria (Mobil joined in 1955)

First commercial discovery - 1956, Oloibiri Field, Rivers State

FINDING AND PRODUCING CRUDE OIL


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DID YOU KNOW?


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Glassis made by melting

a special sort of sand

consisting of mineral

quartz or silica with sodaash and lime

Aluminum is used to

make drinks and food

cansalong with steel

Salt can be found in

rocks that formed a

long time ago by the

evaporation of

ancient lakes

Cutleryis made

from metals,

usually Aluminum

or steel

Technology like TVs, mobile

phones and radios are

made from lots of different

metals and minerals like

Silica, Lead and Mercury

Metalssuch as Copper

and Lead are used a lot

in buildings, mostly in

pipes for water and gas

Homescan be built out of

lots of different types of

rocks such as

sandstone, granite or

bricks made from clay

Ceramics from Clay

GEOLOGY AT HOME


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Noble Purpose:A passion to pursue meaningful

work that benefits society

Skills:A persons talents or abilities

Interests:A persons preferred activities or

hobbies

Noble PurposeSkills

Interests

CAREER

A SENSE OF PURPOSE


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The path to a successful career can be rough or smooth

PREPARATION IS THE KEY

exiciting world of geology v 8 1 1_ego

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