excavation, barriers and timbering mr. syamsul hendra bin mahmud department of quantity surveying...
TRANSCRIPT
EXCAVATION, BARRIERS AND TIMBERING
Mr. Syamsul Hendra Bin MahmudDepartment of Quantity SurveyingFaculty of the Built Environment
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
SBEQ 1112 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY I
EXCAVATION WORKS• Excavation works can be define as the art or
process of excavating or digging.• Excavation works can be divided into three
types which are shallow, medium or deep excavation depends on their work elements.
• Average depth– Shallow (up to 1.50m deep)– Medium (between 1.50m – 3.00m deep)– Deep (over 3.00m deep)
EXCAVATION WORKS• Excavation works can be executed either– By manual– By mechanical plant and equipment
EXCAVATION WORKS• Examples of excavation works– Excavate for topsoil– Trench excavation– Excavation for pad footing– Excavation for raft foundation
BARRIERS• Examples for barriers on excavation works– Tripods with continuous tubular rail– Continuous rail fixed to poling boards– Close boarding– Hazards cone with metal stakes
BARRIERS• Examples for barriers on excavation works
GAMBAR BARRIERS DARI BUKU CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY
(BIRU)
TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION
• Timbering involved works for temporary supports to the sides of excavations.
• Also known as planking and strutting.• The side of excavations will need support to:– Protect the operatives while working in the
excavation.– Keep the excavation open as a retaining wall to
the sides of the trench.– Retain the surrounding soils
TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION
• Sides of excavation requires different amount of timbering.
• It depends upon several factors:– The nature of the soil to be upheld– The depth of the excavation– Vibration and load from nearby traffic or other
causes– Position of water tables– Climate conditions– Length the excavation to remain open
TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION
• Examples of timbering in hard soils
EDIT GAMBAR
TAK PERLU
TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION
• Examples of timbering in firm soils
EDIT GAMBAR
TAK PERLU
TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION
• Examples of timbering in dry loose soils
EDIT GAMBAR
TAK PERLU
TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION
• Examples of timbering in loose wet soils
EDIT GAMBAR
TAK PERLU
TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION
• Adjustable metal struts
EDIT GAMBAR
TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION
• Examples
LUKIS SEMULA
TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION
• Examples
LUKIS SEMULA
TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION
• REFERENCES– Chudley, R. and Greeno, R. (2007) Construction
Technology, 4th Edition, Pearson Education Limited, England.
– Chudley, R. and Greeno, R. (2006) Building Construction Handbook, 6th Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, England.