EVS Operational Rules 1

Enhanced Vision Systems

Terry Neale & Alex Hartland UK CAA

oint Aviation Authorities

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Introduction

• What is EVS

• Background

• Evaluation

• Rule change proposal

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What Is a Enhanced Vision System?

• Proposed JAA Definition• Enhanced Vision System (EVS). An

aeroplane system which uses sensing technology to provide a real time image of the outside world, displayed to the pilot on either a HUD or head- down display. It includes all sensors, computers, power supplies, display systems, indicators and controls.

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• Live conformal image displayed on the Head Up Display (HUD) combiner

The System

• Nose-mounted infrared camera

• Image-processing software algorithms

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•Enhanced Vision Systems certified on Enhanced Vision Systems certified on Bombardier and Gulfstream aircraftBombardier and Gulfstream aircraft

•Work at advanced stage for Dassault aircraftWork at advanced stage for Dassault aircraft

•Programmes in place for larger aircraftProgrammes in place for larger aircraft

•Published FAA airworthiness and operational Published FAA airworthiness and operational regulationsregulations

•On the work programme of the ICAO Operations On the work programme of the ICAO Operations PanelPanel

•Need for rule material!Need for rule material!

Background

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Flight Evaluations

• FAA Proof of Concept (Gulfstream aircraft)• FAA Certification projects

(Gulfstream/Bombardier)• Transport Canada Certification (Bombardier)• JAA Certification projects

(Gulfstream/Bombardier)• JAA JOEB Evaluations

(Gulfstream/Bombardier)• JAA AWOSG Demonstrations (5 members)

(Gulfstream)

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Weather Conditions Evaluated by JAA

• Low cloud

• Advection Fog (RVR 300-1000 metres)

• Radiation Fog (RVR 300-1000 metres)

• Night VMC approaches in mountainous terrain

• Snow Showers

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EVS Operational Rules 9

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Conclusions for Infra Red Based EVS

• No significant benefit in RVRs less than 300 metres and solid cloud

• Benefit can be very variable depending on type of fog on the day

• Good benefit in night VMC operations particularly in hazardous terrain

• Benefits in taxi operations at night and in low visibilities

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Rationale for Rule Development

• Fit within current JAA operational regulations• Harmonised as much as possible with FAA• Give a benefit appropriate to the equipment

performance• Cater for the variability of EVS performance• Anticipate the risks associated with new

technologies prior to wide scale operational experience

• Acknowledge the overall benefit in all operating phases of fitting this equipment.

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The Proposed Rule

(1)A pilot using an enhanced vision systems certificated for the purpose of this paragraph may:

(i) Continue an approach below DA(H) or MDA(H) to 100 feet above the threshold elevation of the runway provided that he has at least one of the following visual references displayed on the enhanced vision system:

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The Proposed Rule

(A) Elements of the approach lighting; or

(B) The runway threshold, identified by at least one of the following: the beginning of the runway landing surface, the threshold lights, the threshold identification lights; and

(C) The touchdown zone, identified by at least one of the following: the runway touchdown zone landing surface, the touchdown zone lights, the touchdown zone markings or the runway lights.

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The Proposed Rule

• (ii) Reduce the calculated RVR for the approach from the value in column 1 of table 9 below to the value in column 2:

• 1.430(a)(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (a)(1) above, in-flight calculation of minima for use at unplanned alternate aerodromes and/or or for EVS approaches may be carried out in for EVS approaches may be carried out in accordance with a method acceptable to the accordance with a method acceptable to the AuthorityAuthority.

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RVR Credit Table (extracts)

RVR/CMV Normally required

RVR/CMV used for EVS approach

550 350

600 400

1000 650

1500 1000

2000 1300

2500 1700

3000 2000

4000 2600

4500 3000

5000 3300

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The Proposed Rule

(2) Paragraph (h)(1) above may only be used for ILS, MLS, GLS, and PAR approaches with a DA(H) no lower than 200 feet or an approach flown using certified vertical flight path guidance to a MDA(H) or DA(H) no lower than 250 feet.

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The Proposed Rule

(3) A pilot may not continue an approach below 100 feet above runway threshold elevation for the intended runway, unless at least one of the visual references specified below is distinctly visible and identifiable to the pilot without reliance on the enhanced visual system:

(A) The lights or markings of the threshold; or

(B) The lights or markings of the touchdown zone.

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ACJ – Need for Qualifying Equipment

• Qualifying EVS equipment

 • 3.1 An enhanced vision system certificated for the

purpose of Appendix 1 to JAR-OPS 1.403(h) will typically have:

 • (i) A head up display system (capable of displaying,

airspeed, vertical speed, aircraft attitude, heading, altitude, command guidance as appropriate for the approach to be flown, path deviation indications, flight path vector, flight path angle reference cue and the EVS imagery),

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ACJ

• (ii) A radio altimeter system,• (iii) For two pilot operation, a head-down view

of the EVS image, or other means of displaying the EVS-derived information easily to the pilot monitoring the progress of the approach,

 • 3.2 For operations in RVRs below 550m two-

pilot operation will be required.

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Summary

• EVS is here and will only get better• Other regulators have responded to the

requirement for a rule change• Demand from industry and manufacturers is

high• A lot of work has already been done• Draft rule change has been published• Certification and Ops coordination needed!

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Any questions?

Terry NealeUK CAA – GV JOEB Chairman