evs in infrastructure systems perspective · 2018-02-14 · evs in infrastructure systems...
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Imag
ecreditsgohere
EVsininfrastructuresystemsperspectiveProf.Dr.MargotWeijnen,DelftUniversityofTechnology
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Consequencesofelectricmobility
• Newroutinesfordrivers• Impactoninfrastructure
Ø TransportØ Energy
• Complexadaptivesystem
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Historyoftheenergyinfrastructure
• 1882:FirstelectricityinfrastructurecomesupinNewYork• Singlecoalfiredgeneratorlightsup59homes• Soonsimilarsystemsinmajorcitiesaroundtheworld• Entireurbanareaslinkedwithamultiplicityofsimultaneouslyoperatinggenerators
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Historyoftheenergyinfrastructure
• Isolatedgridslinkedup• Systemextendedtoconnectpowerfacilitieswhichwere-:
Ø ProgressivelylargerØ Moreremote
• Today:Nationalandtrans-nationalpowersystems
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Currentscenarioofelectricityinfrastructure
• Fossilfuelsdominancebeingeroded• Renewableenergysources,mainly:
Ø HydropowerØ BiomassØ Wind&solar
• Decentralizedpowergeneration
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Energyinfrastructure constantlyevolving
• Historically,notdesigned asanintegratedsystem• Rather,evolvedintolarge-scaleintegratedsystem• Constantlyadaptingtochanging-:
Ø SocietalpreferencesØ UserneedsØ EconomicconditionsØ Technologicalinnovation
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Socio–technicalsystems
Physicaldimension Socialdimension&
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Energyinfrastructure constantlyevolving
• Verticallyintegratedcompanies
• Oftenpublicorprivatemonopolies
• Regulation tosafeguardpublicvalues
Generation
Transmission
Distribution
Supply
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Valuechaindisintegration
Verticalunbundling• Newplayersenterthescene
Competitionin:• Generation• Supply
Monopolisticsystemoperators:• TSO• DSO
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Needforinstitutionalchange
• Newtechnologieschangeelectricitysystembehavior– variabilityofrenewableenergysources
• Changingrolesofelectricityconsumers– prosumers,EV-boundservices
• EVscanendangerstabilityofgrid• Newpracticesandrulesneededà
institutions
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Adaptedfrom
:Williamson,O.E.(1998)."Transactio
nCo
stEconomics:How
ItW
orks,W
hereItIsHeaded."D
eEconom
ist,Vo
l.146(1):23-58.
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Adaptedfrom
:Williamson,O.E.(1998)."Transactio
nCo
stEconomics:How
ItW
orks,W
hereItIsHeaded."D
eEconom
ist,Vo
l.146(1):23-58.
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ComplexAdaptiveSocio-TechnicalSystems
• Co-evolution ofsocialandtechnicalsystems,inconstantinteraction• Institutions shapeinteractionsbetweensocialandtechnicalsystems• Pathdependencies• Emergentbehavior• Governmentroleà limitedyetcrucial
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ImpactofEVsonelectricityinfrastructure
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Possiblesolutions
• Gridcapacityexpansion(expensive)
• Controlledbatterycharging=Smartcharging
• Incentivetouser• Rewardedforflexibleload
pattern
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Roles&responsibilities
Energysupplier Networkoperator ??
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Actionsneeded……andfast
• Resolvewhobuildsandoperatescharginginfrastructure
• Demandflexibilityà realtimeinteractionwithend-users
• Smartgridsneeded
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Conclusions• Large-scaleadoptionofelectricmobilityaffectsthephysical
infrastructure:bothenergyandtransportinfrastructure• IntensiveICT-enabledinteractionbetweentransport&energy
infrastructure• Social(sub)systemoftheinfrastructureundergoesmajorchange• Newactorswithnewrolesandinterests• Resistancefromestablishedactors- needtoadapt• Governmentà bothestablishedactorandagentofchangeatsame
time
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Thankyouforyourattention !