Evolution

Evidence for Evolution

Other Evidence for Evolution:

Adaptations – Camouflage, Mimicry

Fossils Anatomy Embryology Biochemistry – DNA Evidence

Example: Camouflage adaptations of mantids that live in different environments…

Structural adaptations have been observed in populations of birds, insects, and many other organisms.

Adaptations: Camouflage

Scorpion fish

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Adaptations: Mimicry

katydid moth caterpillar

Adaptations: Mimicry

monarch butterflyviceroy butterfly

Analyzing Fossil Evidence

Fossil: a trace of a long-dead organismBiological diversity: many different fossils

found showing different species or subspecies.

Episodic speciation: time when a large number of species appear

Mass extinction: brief periods in time where large numbers of species disappeared (Ex: dinosaurs)

Fossils

Elephant evolution Elephant evolution based on fossilsbased on fossils

The The fossil recordfossil record provides evidence provides evidence for the theory of evolution.for the theory of evolution.

Sedimentary Fossil Formation

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In your own words, explain how mimicry is different from camouflage.

Anatomy:Forearm bones in mammals

Homologous structures: similar in similar in function and function and organisms organisms dodo share common share common origin.origin.

Homologous structures

Anatomy:• Analogous structures: similar in function, but organisms do not share a common origin.

Example: Insect wings and bird wings.

Anatomy:

Vestigial structures: body parts that have lost their function over time and are now useless.

Examples: human appendix

Embryology: Vertebrate embryos are similar, pointing to common origin.

Developmental homology

EmbryologyEmbryology

Biochemistry

Biochemistry: Similarities in DNA sequence and thus amino acid sequence point to a common origin.The fewer the differences, the more closely

related two organisms are.Cladogram: Visual way to show how

closely related species are.

Pair Share

Refer to the illustration. The bones labeled A are known as

a) vestigial structures.b) sequential

structures.c) homologous

structures.d) fossil structures.

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Evidence for evolution includes all of the following except

a) some members of the same species show different traits.

b) similarities and differences in protein and DNA sequences between organisms.

c) the fossil record.

d) homologous structures

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The occurrence of the same blood protein in a group of species provides evidence that these species

a. evolved in the same habitat.

b. evolved in different habitats.

c. descended from a common ancestor.

d. descended from different ancestors.