Evidence of Evolution

Fossils Provide

EvidenceAnimal fossils show a

pattern of development from early ancestors to

their modern descendants.

There are gaps in the fossil record.

Fossils are rare

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.wallsofthewild.com/pterodactyl.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.wallsofthewild.com/pter.htm&usg=__9caIuOdNvnUNeTtJd_BwijJIK5M=&h=479&w=800&sz=100&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=vSsuBQ-o-EFlxM:&tbnh=131&tbnw=219&ei=-6ahTYjRF6iU0QGo5JSEBQ&prev=/images%3Fq

%3Dpterodactyl%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26rlz%3D1G1GGLQ_ENUS398%26biw%3D1438%26bih%3D680%26tbm%3Disch&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=1109&vpy=148&dur=1895&hovh=174&hovw=290&tx=91&ty=85&oei=-6ahTYjRF6iU0QGo5JSEBQ&page=1&ndsp=19&ved=1t:429,r:5,s:0

FOSSIL:The preserved or

mineralized remains (bone, petrified tree,

tooth, or shell) or imprint of an organism

that lived long ago.

http://www.maropeng.co.za/images/uploads/fossil_lg.jpg

Three Major Points

• Earth is about 4.5 billion years old

• Organisms have inhabited the earth for most of its history

• All organisms living today evolved from earlier, simpler life-forms.

Crinoid fossil

Found in an 800 MILLION year old rock

from Indianahttp://

www.youtube.com/watch?

v=cZcomBnNKXg

Paleontologist

Scientist who studies fossils.

http://blogs.answersingenesis.org/museum/pictures/Dino-dig-8-30-06-0151.jpg

Paleontology

• Paleontologists can determine how old fossils are.

• They use radiometric dating to determine the half life.

• http://www.furryelephant.com/content/radioactivity/half-life-simulation/

Evolution of Whales

http://biologos.org/uploads/static-content/Figure_1.png

Biological Molecules Provide Evidence

Proteins

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins

Amino acid + amino acid + amino acid = PROTEIN

The more amino acids two species have in common, the more closely related they are.

Hemoglobin Comparisons with humans

SpeciesAmino Acid differences

Gorilla 1

Rhesus monkey 8

Mouse 27

Chicken 45

Frog 67

Lamprey 125

Biological Molecules Provide Evidence

Nucleic Acids

Scientists can determine the number of nucleotide differences among organisms to see how closely

related they are.

They make DNA comparisons.

Anatomy & Development Suggest

Common AncestryVestigial Structures

Homologous Structures

Development of Embryos

Vestigial structures:

Structures that are present in an organism but are

reduced in size and are no longer useful.

Examples: Wings of flightless birds, fingernails

on manatee fins, and goosebumps (not a

structure but a reaction).

Homologous structures

Structures that similar in form but different in

function.

Examples: Forelimbs of vertebrates

Development of Embryos

Guess the Embryo

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/evolution/guess-embryo.html