evaluation of the nhtsa thor finite element model
TRANSCRIPT
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Evaluation of the NHTSA THOR finite element model Matthew B. Panzer, PhD
Sebastian Giudice, BS Jeff Crandall, PhD
NHTSA THOR Public Meeting January 20th, 2015 Washington, DC
NHTSA THOR Model Overview
2
Safety design
Parametric analysis
Crash reconstruction
Restraint optimization
Crashworthiness evaluation
Academic researchers
Restraint manufacturers
Vehicle manufacturers
Government researchers
Computational methods are cheaper and faster than full testing
No licensing costs, available to everyone
Application
Advantages
User Groups
NHTSA THOR Model Overview
• Current model features • Mod-Kit/Metric design build • SD3 shoulder and arm • Full instrumentation • Interactive occupant positioning tree • Certification suite • Modular design with controlled IDs
• Head • Neck • Thorax • Arm • Pelvis • Leg • Shoe
3
Instrumentation
• Instrumentation outputs • Locations and orientations consistent with physical dummy • 4 accelerometers
• Output in NODOUT files (local)
• 21 load cells • Output in ELOUT files (local)
• 5 potentiometers • Output in NODOUT files (local)
• 6 IR-TRACCs • Output in NODOUT files (local) • IR-TRACC output already in transformed state
4
Head Impact Evaluation
5
Simulation parameters: • Impactor mass: 23.4 kg • Impactor velocity: 2.0 m/s
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
x 10-3
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Time (s)
X-F
orce
(N) C
FC60
0
THOR Head Impact Evaluation (Probe Force)
DO9799THOR FE
Face Impact Evaluation (Bar)
6
Simulation parameters: • Impactor mass: 32 kg • Impactor velocity: 3.6 m/s
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.01 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018 0.020
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000THOR Face-Bar Evaluation (Probe Force)
Time (s)
X-F
orce
(N) C
FC18
0
DO9799THOR FE
Face Impact Evaluation (Disk)
7
Simulation parameters: • Impactor mass: 13 kg • Impactor velocity: 6.7 m/s
0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.009 0.01-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
Time (s)
X-F
orce
(N) C
FC18
0
THOR Face-Disk Evaluation (Probe Force)
DO9799THOR FE
Neck Evaluation (Flexion)
8
Simulation parameters: • Dynamic pendulum test • Test velocity: 3.8 m/s
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2
-1200
-1000
-800
-600
-400
-200
0
Time (s)
Forc
e (N
) CFC
1000
Neck Rear Cable Force During Flexion
DO9799 Fz
THOR FE Fy
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
Time (s)
Rot
atio
nal D
ispl
acem
ent (
deg)
CFC
180
OC Joint Rotational Displacement During Flexion
DO9799 θy
THOR FE θy
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2
-1000
-500
0
500
1000
Time (s)
Forc
e (N
) CFC
60
Upper Neck Load Cell Force During Flexion
DO9799 Fz
THOR FE Faxial
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
Time (S)
Mom
ent (
N-m
) CFC
60
Upper Neck Load Cell S-Moment During Flexion
DO9799 My
THOR FE Ms
Neck Evaluation (Extension)
9
Simulation parameters: • Dynamic pendulum test • Test velocity: 3.7 m/s
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2
-2000
-1500
-1000
-500
0
Time (s)
Forc
e (N
) CFC
1000
Front Cable Force During Extension
DO9799 Fz
THOR FE Fy
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2-10
-5
0
5
10
15
Time (s)
Rot
atio
nal D
ispl
acem
ent (
deg)
CFC
180
OC Joint Rotational Displacement During Extension
DO9799 θy
THOR FE θy
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2
-2500
-2000
-1500
-1000
-500
0
500
1000
Time (s)
Forc
e (N
) CFC
60
Upper Neck Load Cell Force During Extension
DO9799 Fz
THOR FE Faxial
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
Time (S)
Mom
ent (
N-m
) CFC
60
Upper Neck Load Cell S-Moment During Extension
DO9799 My
THOR FE Ms
Neck Evaluation (Lateral)
10
Simulation parameters: • Dynamic pendulum test • Test velocity: 2.9 m/s
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Time (s)
Forc
e (N
) CFC
60
Upper Neck Load Cell Force During Lateral Flexion
DO9799 Fz
THOR FE Faxial
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
Time (S)
Mom
ent (
N-m
) CFC
60
Upper Neck Load Cell T-Moment During Lateral Flexion
DO9799 Mx
THOR FE Mt
Thorax Impact Evaluation (Upper)
11
Simulation parameters: • Impactor mass: 23.4 • Impactor velocity: 4.3 m/s
0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.080
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
Time (s)
X-F
orce
(N) C
FC18
0
THOR Upper Thorax Evaluation (Probe Force)
DO9799THOR FE
Thorax Impact Evaluation (Upper)
12
Simulation parameters: • Impactor mass: 23.4 • Impactor velocity: 6.7 m/s
Thorax Evaluation (Lower Oblique)
13
Simulation parameters: • Impactor mass: 23.4 kg • Impactor velocity: 6.7 m/s
0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.070
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
Time (s)
X-F
orce
(N) C
FC18
0
THOR Lower Left Oblique Thorax Evaluation (Probe Force)
DO9799THOR FE
Abdomen Impact Evaluation (Lower)
14
Simulation parameters: • Impactor mass: 32 kg • Impactor velocity: 6.1 m/s
0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.070
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
THOR Lower Abdomen Evaluation (Probe Force)
Time (s)
X-F
orce
(N) C
FC18
0
DO9799THOR FE
Abdomen Impact Evaluation (Upper)
15
Simulation parameters: • Impactor mass: 18 kg • Impactor velocity: 8.0 m/s
0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.070
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
Time (s)
X-F
orce
(N) C
FC18
0
THOR Upper Abdomen Evaluation (Probe Force)
DO9799THOR FE
Knee Impact Evaluation
16
Simulation parameters: • Impactor mass: 5.0 kg • Impactor velocity: 2.6 m/s
0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.009 0.01
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
Time (s)
X-F
orce
(N) C
FC60
0
THOR Left Femur Evaluation (Probe Force)
DO9799THOR FE
Heel Impact Evaluation
17
Simulation parameters: • Impactor mass: 5.0 kg • Impactor velocity: 4.0 m/s
0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.009 0.010
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Time (s)
X-F
orce
(N) C
FC60
0
THOR Left Leg Evaluation (Probe Force) - Heel Impact
THOR FE
Dynamic Dorsiflexion Evaluation
18
Simulation parameters: • Impactor mass: 5.0 kg • Impactor velocity: 5.0 m/s
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
x 10-3
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
Time (s)
X-F
orce
(N) C
FC60
0
THOR Left Leg Evaluation (Probe Force) - Dynamic Dorsiflexion
THOR FE
Gold Standard 1 Evaluation
19
0 50 100 150 200 250-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Time (ms)
Acc
eler
atio
n (G
's)
Sled Acceleration
S0157THOR FE
Simulation parameters: • Subject restrained by a standard three-point shoulder/lap belt • Lower extremity restrained by knee bolster and foot rest • THOR Metric dummy with SD3 shoulder test S0157 performed at the UVA (May, 2013)
Gold Standard 1 Evaluation
20
Gold Standard 1 Evaluation
21
0 50 100 150 200 250
0
200
400
Right Lap Belt Force
Forc
e (
N)
Time (ms)
0 50 100 150 200 2500
2000
4000
6000
Lower Shoulder Belt Force
Forc
e (
N)
Time (ms)
0 50 100 150 200 2500
2000400060008000
Upper Shoulder Belt Force
Forc
e (
N)
Time (ms)
S0157 Model
Belt force
Gold Standard 1 Evaluation
22
L2
L4
Pelvis S0157 Model
Head CG
T1
T8
Full body kinematic traces
Gold Standard 1 Evaluation
23
Head CG
L Shoulder
R Shoulder S0157 Model
Full body kinematic traces
Gold Standard 1 Evaluation
24
0 50 100 150 200 250-40
-20
0
20
40
60
Time (ms)
Acc
eler
atio
n C
FC10
00 (G
's) Head CG X-Acceleration
0 50 100 150 200 250-40
-20
0
20
40
60
Time (ms)
Acc
eler
atio
n C
FC10
00 (G
's) Head CG Y-Acceleration
0 50 100 150 200 250-40
-20
0
20
40
60
Time (ms)
Acc
eler
atio
n (G
's) C
FC10
00
Head CG Z-Acceleration
S0157 Model
Head CG
Gold Standard 1 Evaluation
25
0 50 100 150 200 250-3000
-2000
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
Time (ms)
Forc
e C
FC18
0 (N
)
Neck LOLC X-Axis Force
0 50 100 150 200 250
-50
0
50
100
Time (ms)
Mom
ent C
FC18
0 (N
m)
Neck LOLC Moment About the X-Axis
0 50 100 150 200 250-3000
-2000
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
Time (ms)
Forc
e C
FC18
0 (N
)
Neck LOLC Y-Axis Force
0 50 100 150 200 250
-50
0
50
100
Time (ms)M
omen
t CFC
180
(Nm
)
Neck LOLC Moment About the Y-Axis
0 50 100 150 200 250-3000
-2000
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
Time (ms)
Forc
e C
FC18
0 (N
)
Neck LOLC Z-Axis Force
0 50 100 150 200 250
-50
0
50
100
Time (ms)
Mom
ent C
FC18
0 (N
m)
Neck LOLC Moment About the Z-Axis
S0157 Model
Lower Neck
Gold Standard 1 Evaluation
26
0 50 100 150 200 250-2000
-1000
0
1000
2000
Time (ms)
Forc
e C
FC18
0 (N
)
Neck UPLC X-Axis Force
0 50 100 150 200 250-20
0
20
40
60
Time (ms)
Mom
ent C
FC18
0 (N
m)
Neck UPLC Moment About the X-Axis
0 50 100 150 200 250-2000
-1000
0
1000
2000
Time (ms)
Forc
e C
FC18
0 (N
)
Neck UPLC Y-Axis Force
0 50 100 150 200 250-20
0
20
40
60
Time (ms)M
omen
t CFC
180
(Nm
)
Neck UPLC Moment About the Y-Axis
0 50 100 150 200 250-2000
-1000
0
1000
2000
Time (ms)
Forc
e C
FC18
0 (N
)
Neck UPLC Z-Axis Force
0 50 100 150 200 250-20
0
20
40
60
Time (ms)
Mom
ent C
FC18
0 (N
m)
Neck UPLC Moment About the Z-Axis
S0157 Model
Upper Neck
Gold Standard 1 Evaluation
27
0 50 100 150 200 250-40
-20
0
20
Time (ms)
Acc
eler
atio
n C
FC18
0 (G
's) T1 X-Acceleration
0 50 100 150 200 250-40
-20
0
20
Time (ms)
Acc
eler
atio
n C
FC18
0 (G
's) T1 Y-Acceleration
0 50 100 150 200 250-40
-20
0
20
Time (ms)
Acc
eler
atio
n C
FC18
0 (G
's) T1 Z-Acceleration
S0157 Model
T1
Gold Standard 1 Evaluation
28
0 50 100 150 200 250-40
-20
0
20
Time (ms)
Acc
eler
atio
n C
FC18
0 (G
's) T12 X-Acceleration
0 50 100 150 200 250-40
-20
0
20
Time (ms)
Acc
eler
atio
n C
FC18
0 (G
's) T12 Y-Acceleration
0 50 100 150 200 250-40
-20
0
20
Time (ms)
Acc
eler
atio
n C
FC18
0 (G
's) T12 Z-Acceleration
S0157 Model
T12
Gold Standard 1 Evaluation
29
0 50 100 150 200 250-40
-20
0
20
Time (ms)
Acc
eler
atio
n C
FC18
0 (G
's)
Pelvis X-Acceleration
0 50 100 150 200 250-40
-20
0
20
Time (ms)
Acc
eler
atio
n C
FC18
0 (G
's)
Pelvis Y-Acceleration
0 50 100 150 200 250-40
-20
0
20
Time (ms)
Acc
eler
atio
n C
FC18
0 (G
's)
Pelvis Z-Acceleration
S0157 Model
Pelvis
Gold Standard 1 Evaluation
30
0 50 100 150 200 250-6000
-5000
-4000
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
Time (ms)
Forc
e C
FC60
0 (N
)
Right Femur Axial Force
0 50 100 150 200 250-6000
-5000
-4000
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
Time (ms)
Forc
e C
FC60
0 (N
)
Left Femur Axial Force
S0157 Model
Femur
Summary of current model
• Model stability • Top priority focus • No issues in all “certification” and Gold Standard 1 simulations • Stability in vehicle crash simulation needs assessment
• Model fidelity
• Secondary priority focus • Response is generally good (average CORA score 0.75) • Neck extension needs most improvement (average CORA is 0.57) • Some materials are stiffer for stability; materials not tuned • Gold Standard 1 belt model may be too restricting
31
Summary of current model
• Current version of THOR FE model (v2.1) will be hosted on NHTSA website for public download, and will include:
• User manual • Certification suite model files • Gold Standard 1 model files
• Release date: Jan 30, 2015
32
Acknowledgments
• NHTSA • DTNH22-09-H-00247
• Chalmers University of Technology (SD3 Shoulder) • Johan Davidsson • Kristian Holmqvist
• Virginia Tech (Neck) • Costin Untariou • Jacob Putnam
• Livermore Software Technology Corp • Christoph Maurath • Dilip Bhalsod
• And many of the THOR FE model users who provided feedback!
33
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Questions?